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112 7492
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*EAL.OGY COLLECTION
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ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY
3 1833 01091 7737
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2014
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EPISCOPAL CHUHCH.
HISTORY
GARDINER,
PITTSTON AND WEST GARDINER,
WITH A SKETCH OF THE
KENNEBEC INDIANS, & NEW PLYMOUTH PURCHASE,
COMPRISING HISTORICAL MATTER FROM
1602 to 1852;
■WITH GENEALOGICAL SKETCHES OF MANY FAMILIES.
By J. W. HANSON,
Author of "History of Norridgewock and Canaan, Me. ;"
"History of Danvers, Mass. ;" &c. &c.
'GARDINER:
PUBLISHED BY WILLIAM PALMER.
18 5 2,.
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1852, by
J. W. Hanson,
in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of Maine.
KALLOWEtL:
MASTERS, SMITH & CO.,
PRINTERS.
1127492
PREFACE.
But little need be said of this volume by way of
introduction. Its character will be developed to
every one who peruses its contents. It has been
the constant effort of the compiler to collect and
arrange all the facts he could obtain from every
known source, having any connection with the
history of the towns of which he has treated, and
he believes, and feels ready to say, that he knows
of no important, uninvidious fact, which he has not
recorded. If there are errors they are slight, and
are such as necessarily attach to a work involving
so many dates. His constant effort has been to
crowd and compress his facts into the least possible
space ; so that if the reader looks for any felicities
of diction, he will be disappointed. He will only
behold a plain, unvarnished account of literal facts.
The books and persons to whom the compiler has
been indebted for facts, will be found in the foot notes
attached to the text, and the reader can consult the
book or person, if he wishes to verify any statement
concerning which he has doubt. Besides those, the
compiler has been under the greatest obligations to
Moses Springer, Esq., Hon. Edward Swan, Hon.
iv
PREFACE.
Robert H. Gardiner, (who not only furnished books,
but vakiable manuscript matter.) John Webb, late
City Clerk, Alphonso H. Clark, Henry Dearborn,
Peter Grant, Adjutant Gen. of Maine, Selectmen
and Town Clerk of West Gardiner, Hon. David
Bronson and E. S. J. Neally of Bath, and to that far
larger number of his fellow citizens who have sup-
plied him with papers, hints, and means of informa-
tion, and manifested constant and great cordiality in
advancing the labor iti which he has been engaged.
It will be difficult for any one whose eyes shall
glance over these pages, to realize the vast amount
of constant, plodding research and toil, invested in
this volume, involving hundreds of miles of travel,
the reading of many volumes of books, the consulta-
tion of thousands of pages of good, bad and in-
different manuscript, and of many oblivious octo-
genarians, and then, the additional labor of sifting,
assorting, collating and reconciling. Besides this,
the greatest conceivable apathy, and indifference, and
ignorance prevailed, even among those who were
born and who had grown gray, and wise in other
matters, on the soil. With all these obstacles before
him, the compiler persevered, and he believes his
volume is correct as far as it goes, and that it con-
tains as much substantial information as can be well
crowded into the same space. He hopes his fellow
citizens will encourage his effort by buying his
book, and being pleased with it.
i
INDEX.
PAGE.
Abenaques, or Abnakis, locaKties of, . . . 13, 17
" signification of, ...... 14
" tribes of, . . . ^ 14
" description of, 14, 15
" in 1615, number of, . . . . . .23
" depredations of, ...... 26
fate of, . 26
" in the Revolution 27
" chiefe, 27
Army -vrorm, . . . . . . . . . 85
Agry, Thomas and family, 87
Allen family, 103, 104
Arnold's Expedition, 113, 117
Alterations in Town lines, ....... 179
Ale wives, very plenty, . . . . . , . .186
Almanac, Maine Farmers', . . , . . .297
Associations, Incorporations, &c. ...... 322
Attorneys, , ♦ .332
Almshouse, 336
Brown, Alexander's death in Gardiner, .... 36
" " settlement in " . . . . r 56
Berry family, 68, 78, 79, 80, 81
Bailey family, 72, 73, 106
Bacon, "William . . . . . . . . .81
Bums, Joseph ......... 82
Byram family, . ...... 155, 156
Brown farm, ......... 85
Barker family, 110,111,156
Blanchard family, 128
Bradstreet family, . • . . . . . ,131
Bickford, Moses 82, 83
Brick kiln, 155
Bowman's Point, sketch of, . . . . 166, 167, 168, 204
Bridge, Swan Island, opposed, . . . . 176, 200, 201
Born-drunk Davis, 204
Burns, "William 213
Bridge, effort for, .* . 214
Bailey, E,ev. Jacob , . . 245
Baptists, Calvinistic 275, 276, 277
1*
Vi INDEX.
PAGE.
Books published, 296, 297
Buildings, when built, 339
Cabbassa Indians, relics of, 18
«« " origin of name, . . . . 18, 19
" •< " of tribe, 19
« «• in 1807-8, 19
«' skirmish at, 25
Call family 33
Charter of Wm. & Mary, 37
Cabbassa Mill, 47, 62
Colburn family, ' . . 70, 71, 86
Cox, James, .......... 84
Cooper family, . . . . . . . . .137
Clark family, 137
Clay family, 170
Cold fever 177
Common, .......... 209
Cave, singular, ......... 209
Cabbassa stream, power of, ..... . 214, 217
" " appearance of, 217
City officers, Gardinor, 227, 228
Congregationalists, Pittston, 263 — 266
Gardiner, 266—271
College graduates, ' 335
Character of people, 341 — 2
Davis family, 61, 67
Door family, .......... 75
Denny, John, ......... 78
Denbow, Nathaniel . 83, 86
Dunlap, James, ......... 127
Dearborn family, 140—144, 340
Dunham family, ......... 158
Deaths of aged people, 291—294
Daughters of Temperance, ....... 328
Etechemins, 13
Early Voyages to Maine, 29, 30
'« '« " Kennebec, . . . . 30, 1, 3, 4, 6
Everson, William, 82, 83
Embargo, action of the people on, 176
Eastern River, 185
Evans, Hon. Geo. 207
Ecclesiastical, 245
Episcopal parish, history of, 245 — 256
East Pittston, early 336—339
Early Settlers, . 339
Elitner, Zachariah, family, 82
Fuller family, .... ^ .... 133
Freewill Baptists, first church, . " . . . .271
" • second " ...... 272
" '« third •« . ^73
XNDEX. Vll
Freewill Baptists, fourth church,
fifth ««
Freshets,
French Jesuits,
Fisheries of Kennebec,
Fort Richmond built,
" Cushnoc "
" Halifax "
Fitch, Benjamin,
Flagg, James,
Farm, first,
Freemasons,
Franklin Bank,
Farmingdale,
Facts, No. of herein,
Grant, form of
" Plymouth,
Grants, Kennebec
Dr. Gardiner's
to settlers,
Gardiner, Dr.'s efforts,
" '* character,
Gardiner, grant of area.
Grant to Vassal,
" " Dr. Gardiner,
Gardinerston, settlement of,
Great House, account of.
Game,
Ghdden, Joseph
Gardiner (Gid.) family,
Dr. and family
" " epitaph,
" will,
" John
William
Grant family,
Gay family.
Gold digging,
Gardiner, R. H. .
Gardiner, sketch of
" Act of incorporation,
" tax list, 1803,
" officers of
" appearance of in 1803,
old houses in
" condition of in 1803,
*' city charter,
Gannet, Barzillai .
Graduates,
Gardiner, location of
*' soil, &c., of
46, 49
46, 47, 54
PAGE.
. 274
. 275
159, 284, 285
. 22
37, 161
37, 38
42, 43
. 43
61, 63
. 78
. 155
. 322
. 326
. 340
. 340
49, 60
. 48
31, 40, 49
60, 68, 69
39, 47, 50
58, 59, 60
43, 45
. 45
45
. 47
. 61
. 62
. 75
. 78
. 83
87, 105
. 91
. 92
. 99
. 102
. 134
156, 157
168, 169
172, 173
. 195
195, 196, 197
198, 199
. 199
. 199
. 199
. 203
213, 214
. 201
. 344
222, 214
215, 216
197,
Vlll
INDEX.
PAGE!.
Gardiner, R. II. 's house, . . . . . . , 220
" tax list for 1851, 228, 238
" Bank, ......... 326
'* appearance of 218, 219
Hoskin's, Capt. death, ........ 34
Hancock's visit to Gardinerston, ...... 76
Haley, Martin . ... . . . . . .78
Hopkins, Peter ......... 84
Hicks, Dr. Jonathan , . . . . . . .86
Hazard, (slave,) . . . . . . , , 98, 99
Hallo well, Hobert . . . ... . , .171
Indian history, 13
" ideas of land titles, ....... 15
" localities, 17
names and definitions, 20, 21
conduct to whites, . . . . . . 21, 28
" sales of land " 22, 34, 35
" insults to " . 23
'< wars, six, ........ 24
*< troubles at E-ichmond, 24
" " " Merry Meeting Bay, .... 25
Industry^ origin of name, . . . . . . .66
Indians in Gardinerston, 27, 112, 113
Insurance Co., ...... ^ . . 326
Jenkins, Dennis, 84
Jackson family, 130
Jewett family 137, 139, 158
Kennebec, origin of name, 16
" claim, . . . 29
" " extent of, 32, 41
" " boundaries, , . . . . 32, 33
Kerdoormeorp, (Brown's Farm,) . . . . '. .36
Kennebec Company's efforts, ..... 50, 44
" character, .... 52-3, 38
Kenny, Paul and Stephen, 83, 86
Kennebec River, . . . . . . . . .185
" " opening and shutting, .... 287, 288
Indians, character 14
" bridge . 340
Lincoln, County of, formed, . . , . . .171
Louis Philip, 163
Lawrence, John and Joseph, 84
Law, William, 84
Loud, Jacob, ........ 61, 63
Lawrence family, . . . . . . 82, 86, 106, 161
Lapham family, . . . . . . . . .138
Lyceum, . .206
Mechanic's Association, ....... 322
McCausland's family • . 61, 62, 68, 69
INDEX.
ix
JMarsoii, A. 01161*, • • .
84
Moore tamily, ...
. xO / ,
i.Oo, ooO
iXe.etiiig-liou.s6, Pittston, . .
171 1 7Q
Maine, separation of from Mass.,
. 171,
176, 177,
203, 204
Military, War, &c..
177, 204
299-306
McCausland, Henry,
248
Methodists, East Pittston,
256
" Gardiner,
260-263
" Pittston,
263
JN orndgewocKS, tneir depredations.
94. 'i
^t—o
25
^ atalinis, • • . .
• *
97
Isoble, Jolm and Henry,
•
8<^
oo
86 87
J.1 tii. jjL^jixoc;, • ■ .
87
New Mills, origin of.
133
Nahumkeag Island,
185
" stream.
186
" pond, .
187
New Jerusalem Church,
278
Newspapers,
294-6
** " Ijiteraxy Society, .
326
^9^ 4.
Occurences, ...
* *
Oaklands, ....
220
Oak Grove Cemetery,
. 212,
213, 336
Oldham family,
83
Oakman, Samuel, .
86
O'Bluffskie, Frederic,
87
Officers, first town.
134
Philbrook family, ...
61 68
Ptipp€1 p^tIv
127 139
JTUpUXclLiUIi, ill 1 / D^, . •
• *
7r
*' " 1800
• •
171
X / J.
IdUxc OX, . .
JL IttatUxl XJlUUxpUx clLtiU., . .
90r» 9Q 1
1 94.
" Act of incorporation.
124
19*1 1 9fi
Pitts, John, account of,
1 94.
jriLtotUlX) liallitJ Ui) • • •
* *
126
X XdXoLCLl. XdUJJJ. ¥ ) • • •
• *
136
145
XU.lJ.UrUXtClXJ.Uo IXX X i OtJf •
locEitioii oi^j •
" " of in 1787, .
146 147
148 187
loo, lO*
153
« " " 1789, .
159
« " " 1791, .
160
« 1799, .
166
♦* ** condition of in
1800,
171
" sketch of modem
174
X
INDEX.
34, 35,
Pittston tax list, 1803,
" parishes,
" description of
" tax list, 1851,
Physicians,
Poor,
Polls, valuation, &c.,
Post-offices,
Publishments, early,
Queen of Sheba,
Richmond trading house.
Revolutionary troubles.
Revolution, eiforts of Gardinerston in, 118, 119,
Revolutionary soldiers.
Refugees, act concerning,
Roads, . . . 150, 155, 159,
Representatives,
Settlers, early, sufferings of
Sabbatis,
Settlers, early at Edgecomb,
Settlements on the Kennebec, 30, 33,
Squatters' rebellions,
Settlers, difficulties with
Settlement in Pittston, first
Shipping built,
Settlers, character of,
" difficulties of
Smith family,
Stackpole family,
Soper family,
Shaw family.
Springer family,
Swan family,
Stone family.
Statistics of Pittston in 1820,
" 1850,
" " Gardiner " 1820,
« 1850,
Surplus Revenue, .
Schools,
Sochigones, location of.
Sons of Temperance,
Slaves in Gardiner,
Thomes, Mr.,
Tibbetts family,
Trees, wood, &c.
Taggart family,
Tarbox family,
Town petition,
120, 121
171, 173
36, 37,
202,
150
163
PAGE.
174-176
176, 177
184, 185
188-194
327-332
206
291
306-307
308, 309
159
25
112, 118
133, 134
122
138
176, 202
150
24, 84, 128
25, 27
29
42, 55, 57
51
52
56
38
70
70
76, 77
109
128
137
151, 152
164, 165
169, 170
178
188
205, 289
220, 221
211
297, 299
14
344
340
61, 63
73, 86
74, 75, 155
86, 110
107, 108
123
INDEX. XI
PAGE.
Town records, 130
Traveling carriages, &c. .... 162, 211
Temperance, . . • 178, 202-3, 206-7, 211
Societies, . . . . .325
Town House, 179, 206, 207
«« officers, Pittston, . . . . .181-3
Taxes, Pittston, . . . . . .183-4
Togus springs, . . . • ... 186
Tax for suppofMf Gospel, . . . . 200
Taxes, Gardiner, ...... 224
Town officers, Gardiner, ..... 225-7
Temple of Honor, . . . ... 326
rniversa]#s; ...... 279—81
Vessels bunt, ...... 309-322
Totes for Governor, . . . 179, 180, 222, 223
" " President, . . ' . . 181, 224
Wampum, ...... 31
Weather, . . 62, 109, 127-8, 139, 155, 153, 163, 282-6
Winslow family, ..... . 61-7
Winter family, ......
Warren family, ...... 84
West Gardiner settled, . . . . . ^ 4,127
Wakefield famHy, ..... -^^^158
Worromontogns bridge, . . . . .177
" river, ..... 186
West Gardiner, incorporation, &c., . . . 239
" " officers, ..... 240
" " Taxes, &c. .... 240-4
Wawenocs, location of, ..... 14
Washington ians, . . . . . . . 323
Washingtons, Martha, ..... 327
Young family, . . . . . . 132
PLATES.*
1 Episcopal Church, . . . Frontispiece.
2 Old Post-office, . . . . .86
3 R. H. Gardiner's House, . . fife
4 Methodist Church, . , . . 262
5 Congregational Church, . . . 270
6 Universalist Church, » . . . 280
* The churches were drawn by B. S. Jones, of Pittston, and the
residence of R. H. Gardiner was daguerreotyped by Mr. C. T.
Rogers, and the old post-office by Mr. John Curran.
ERRATA.
Page
77, Samuel and Abigail Smith, were children of James and
not of Jeremiah.
84, last line, Julia should commence the line above.
98, for hegird read hegira.
107, 5th line from bottom, for 1824, read 1826.
161, 13th line from bottom for Gardiner read Pittston.
298, 7th line from bottom for 71, read 17.
305, 14th line from top, for Whitman read Whittemore.
312, 1st line from bottom, for Wolverton, read Woberton.
HISTORY
O F
GARDINEH AND PITTSTON.
CHAPTER I.
INDIAN HISTOBY.
When the messengers of European civilization
first furled their white sails on the forest-fringed
shores of America, numerous tribes of dusky Indians
roamed our forests, and pursued therein the preca-
rious habits of savage life. Wherever fish and game*
were plentiest, they were most numerous, enjoying
a peaceful existence with the exception of occasional
short, and bloody feuds. They had their own coun-
tries, the boundaries of which were v{el\ understood
by the different tribes, and were never overstepped
unless for the purpose of insult by some tribe bent
on war.
The Abenakies, Abenaques or Abnakis and the
Etechemins, owned and occupied the present limits of
Maine. The Etechemins dwelt from the Penobscot,
eastward, and the Abnakis from New Hampshire to
the Penobscot. Sometimes the name was called
Wapanachki. or Wabanaki ; but however the word
was pronounced, the name signified Eastlanders, or
2
14
INDIAN HISTORY.
Eastern men,* from Wabamo, East, and aski, land.
This great nation was divided into four smaller
tribes: — the Sokokis or Sochigones, on the Saco ; the
Anasagunticooks, on the Androscoggin ; the Wawe-
nocs, east of Merry-meeting Bay. and the Cariibas,
or Kennebecs, from Merry-meeting Bay to Moosehead
Lake, on both sides of the river. The Kennebecs
were subdivided into the Norridgewogs, who dwelt
at Norridgewock ; the Taconnets, at Waterville ; the
Cushnocs, at Augusta, etc. These small tribes were
all Kennebecs, and the Kennebecs, Sokokis, etc.
were all Abnakis. They spake the same tongue
with slightly differing dialects, and were essentially,
in all great enterprises, one people. Thus an Indian
living at Augusta was of the Cushnoc clan, the
Kennebec tribe, and the Abnaki nation.
The Kennebecs Avere very numerous when the
whites first made their acquaintance.! The different
clans all paid homage, or political deference to the
great chief, or bashaba, who usually resided on Swan
Island,! which seems to have been the head-quarters
of the Abnakis. Sabastian Rale, the French Jesuit
Missionary, who resided among the Eastern Indians
many years, thus describes their manners and ap-
pearance : <§) —
Their cabins are made by planting a centre pole,
and covering with bark ; the fire is built in the
middle, on the ground, and for beds and chairs, they
spread mats on the earth, made of reeds. The men
dress in the skins of animals, or in loose robes of
red or blue cloth ; and the women wear mantles
reaching to the middle of the leg, very gracefully
arranged, with light coverings thrown over the head,
* Ileckewelcler's Hist. Acc. p. 107. Also, Gookin and Prince.
1 Kendall's Travels, p. 61.
t Hubbard's ^ew Eng. p. 31.
I' Williamson's Hist. Me. Vol. II. p. 4. § Lettrcs Edifiantes.
INDIAN HISTORY.
15
and falling to the feet, and stockings from the knee
to the ancle. Their moccasins are of deerskin. In
the winter they wear snowshoes, without Avhich
they cannot suhsist. With them they are able to
overtake the swiftest animals. They are tall, power-
ful, and active, with teeth whiter than ivory. Their
only ornaments are beads, made of shell, white and
black, so arranged in belts, and the like, as to repre-
sent different figures with great beauty. Their
children are regarded with the greatest affection, and
the utmost respect is manifested toward the aged.
Their skill with the bow is great ; even children can
shoot with astonishing accuracy.
They eat with great irregularity ; feasting on the
best one day, and famishing the next. Tobacco is
used by all, and esteemed the greatest luxury. They
are less barbarous than any other tribe.
When they fight, they divide their bands into
small companies of five men, each with knife in one
hand, and tomahawk in the other ; and they are thus
very formidable. When they enter the possessions
of an enemy, they scour the country in small bands,
and inspire the greatest dread, by attacking all quar-
ters at once.
Rale informs us that the Kennebecs understood
making candles, and that with twenty-four pounds
of bayberry wax, and twenty-four pounds of tallow,
they would make one hundred candles, each one
foot long.
These Indians owned the soil in common.* They
held as "tenants in a state of nature." Any Abnaki
had a right to tiee any land belonging to the Abnaki
nation. They could not comprehend how one per-
son could own the soil. Each native possessed an
undivided portion of the territory of his tribe. Thus
* Statement of Kennebec Claims, p. 21.
16
INDIAN HISTORY.
all sales made by the sachems were made with this
understanding, never denied by an Indian, — that
they sold only what they themselves possessed, —
the right to hunt and fish and occupy with others.
When a purchaser died, his right reverted to the
tribe. This explains subsequent troubles. The
whites purchased, and supposed that they possessed
a fee simple title, which the red man could not un-
derstand, and he was forced to yield to what he felt
was injustice.
In the year 1660 there was an Indian Sagamore
named Kennebis,* and it has been conjectured that
he was one of a long line, for whom the river Ken-
nebec was named. f In my History of Norridge-
wockj may be found the following supposed origin
of the name : — " It is highly probable that a Sachem
named Kennebis, from some other tribe, left his own
people out of dissatisfaction, and followed by his
family and a few others, settled in the wilds of Maine.
From him and his followers proceeded the Kennebec
tribe, and the Kennebis of Indian history was doubt-
less a descendant of the "first Kennebis. History is
silent, however, and conjecture is our only au-
thority."
The Abnakis, or to give the word a free transla-
tion, the Down-easters, occupied the best portion of
Maine, and the Kennebecs possessed the best part of
the country of the Abnakis. They were bold and
brave, strongly attached to native soil, and peaceable
when mimolested. The wigwams of their happy
villages were to be seen wherever salmon and shad
abounded, and wild game was plenty. All along
the slopes and savannahs of the beautiful Kennebec
their hunting grounds extended, and the quiet graves
* Williamson's Hist. Me.
t Drake's Book Indians, Book III. Ch. VII.
X Hanson's Hist. JNorridgewock, ike, p. 15. •
INDIAN HISTORY.
17
of their fathers chistered around the mouth of each
tributary to their beloved river. Here Hved and
loved another race of beings." The silent river as
it rolled its constant journey to the sea, bore on its
bosom some dark-eyed Indian maid in her light
shallop, or a company of hunters or warriors as they
paddled their white canoes across its blue surface.
Where stands the busy mill, then drank the antlered
moose. Where spreads the wide green intervale,
then wrought the busy beaver. Where now is heard
the locomotive's scream, the steamboat wheel, then
howled the wolf, then leaped the golden salmon,
then fled the caribou. The all-beholding sun as he
gazed on our splendid stream, saw only nature and
her votaries.'*
The mouths of the Cabbassa-contee and the Nahum-
keag were two of their favorite resorts, at an early
date, though the irruption of the whites soon drove
them further up the river. As early as 1614, when
Capt. John Smith visited the river, before any white
men, Nahumkeag was a noted place. Though his
observation was limited, and his means of knowledge
slight, yet he points out localities, and repeats names
sufficiently definite. He says : f — " The principal
habitations I saw at Northward, was Penobscot, who
are in wars Avith their next northerly neighbors.
Southerly up the rivers, and along the coast, we
found Mecadacut, Segocket, Pemaquid, Nusconcus,
Sagadahock, Satquin, Aumaughcawgen and Ken-
EBECA. To those belong the countries and people of
Segotago, Pauhunlanuck, Pocopassum, Taughtanaka-
gnet, W^abigganus, Nassaque, Masherosqueck, Waw-
rigwick, Moshoquen,- Waccogo, Pasheranack, &c.
To these are allied in confederacy the countries of
* Hist, of Xorrido-ewock & Canaan.
+ 3 Coll. Mass. Ilist. Soc. p. 21, 22.
2*
18
INDIAN HISTORY.
Aucocisco, Accomenticus, Passataqiiack, Aiigawoam
and Naemkeek, all these, for anything I could per-
ceive, differ little in language or anything," etc.
There can be little doubt that the Nahumkeags were
at that time and previously a flourishing clan of the
Kennebecs. In the neighborhood of the Cabbassa-
contee and Nahumkeag, they hunted the trout, the
salmon, the moose, the caribou, deer, bear, rabbit,
loupcervier, martin, fox and beaver. Here were group-
ed their wigwams and birchen canoes. Here the
council fire was lighted, here the warwhoop was
heard. '' Gazing on the same sun that smiles on us,
the Indian hunter pursued the panting deer ; looking
on the same moon that rolls above us, the Indian
lover wooed his dusky mate."
There are evidences that the region of Cabbossa
was a favorite home of the red men. Their bones,
arrows, kettles, and other implements and utensils of
Avar and peace, have been exhumed. When Daniel
Nutting, Esq. erected his house, in the year 1829, he
found in the earth composing a large knoll, nuntbers
of arrow-heads, etc., some of which are now deposit-
ed in the cabinet in Brunswick.*' The soil of Pitts-
ton village, and especially that in the immediate
neighborhood of the Methodist church, seems to
have been an Indian burial place. Paint, arrows,
kettles, bones, and other relics have been found in
abundance. t Mr. George Williamson has a brass
kettle, thus found, from which the iron bale had
entirely rusted away. A large kettle was discover-
ed containing the bones of an aboriginal infant. f
Generally, Indian names and their origin are but
poorly preserved. In this locality we are more
fortunate. A tradition is preserved, which says : —
Daniel Nvittlnpj, Esq. f George Williamson, Esq.
Mr. Joshua Nickerson.
INDIAN HISTORY.
19
When the first red men came from the distant and
beautiful North-west, to which the Indian always
directed his gaze, and where he fancied were the
Happy Hunting grounds, a small clan settled along
the Cabbassa-contee, from its source to its mouth.
Scarcely had the3^ pitched their wigwams, when, one
day, one of their number, a noted brave, went down
to the shore, and, divesting himself of his clothing,
exclaimed ' I am a Sturgeon,' or Cabbassa, and
plunged into the Kennebec, near the mouth of the
stream. Immediately a large sturgeon was seen
frolicking among the waves, but, though the sanups
and sachems of the tribe looked long and anxiously
for the Avarrior's return, and though his squaw and
pappooses mourned his absence, he was never seen
again. Ever after, when one of the tribe was asked
who he was, he v/ould reply, ' I am a Sturgeon,' or
Cabbassa, or, in other words, a red man from Cab-
bassaguntiag. Gradually, the hieroglyph of a stur-
geon was adopted as their symbol, and Avas attached
to their treaties, or deeds.
Kendall, Avho traveled through the region of the
Kennebec in 1807 - 8, says : —
''A very trifling number of the Indians, of this
river, are still in existence, and belong to the village
of St. Francais, where they bear the name of Cab-
bassaguntiac, that is, people of Cabbassaguntiquoke.
Cabbassa signifies a Sturgeon. The pronounciatidn
Cabbassa^ more elegant, as I think, than Cobbisse,
is constant among the Indians whom I saw ; and I
may take this opportunity of remarking, that the
form of the Indian words is commonly more elegant
in their own mouths, than as they are rendered by
the English colonists. I exclude, on this occasion,
all that is deeply guttural in their speech."
Dr. Morse declares the original name of the stream
Avas Copsecook, Avhich Kendall reasonably observes,
is a contraction of Cobbessecontiquoke. Charlevoix,
20
INDIAN HISTORY.
in his time, delineates a river, with a fort on the
north side of its mouth, which he calls fort Cook.
This, says Kendall, must be intended for fort
Copsecook."*
Doubtless Cabbassa means sturgeon and thus the
land around the stream should be called Cabbassa-
guntiag, or the place to catch sturgeon, and the tribe
was the Cabbassaguntiquokes, or Indians from the
sturgeon region. I think Kendall must have trans-
posed the words, for ag as a terminal, always sig-
nifies a place. f
* Travels, vol. III. p. 124, 125.
t The Compiler of these pages has taken great pains to collect
the various aboriginal names of places in Maine, and obtain their
significations. To this end he has consulted the Governor at Old-
town, through the E,ev. O. H. Johnson, but while he has two or
three hundred names, he has only been able to find a very few
definitions.
Nanransoah, (Norridgewock,) — Smooth water betw^een falls.
Penobsquisumguisebou, (Sandy River,) — Hocky and sandy river.
Wallagash or Allagash^ — Bark for a camp.
Megailaway, — Birch bark region.
Oosoola, (South Norridgewock,) — A spot frequently inundated.
Taconnet, (Waterville,) — A i^lace to cross.
Kennebec, — The country owned by Kennebis.
Mooseeluc7naguntic, — The great place for moose.
Simkarunkatuiik, (Sagadahock,) — Mouths of rivers.
Nahumkeag, — Good fishing -place.
Seboois, — A small stream.
Caratunk, — A narrow strip of land, between two rivers.
Presumpscot, — Ivough place in a river.
Sebasticook, — A river parallel with another.
Kencliiskeag, — Place for taking salmon.
Sebago, — Great V\'-aters.
Umbagog, — Great waters near other.
Cobscook, — A small, muddy stream.
Maquoit, — Meeting of waters.
Narramissic, — Hard to find.
Allamoosic, — Good for nothing.
Loshtoc, (St. John's river,) — Wide and shallow.
Necotoc, — Two streams forming an acu.te angle.
Sunkhaze, — Dead water at the riA^er's mouth.
Passadumkeag, — Falling water before the falls.
Metaivamkeag, — A gravelly stream.
Schoodic, — Jijj|iere fish live all the year.
INDIAN HISTORY.
21
They treated the first white men with the great-
est kindness and hospitality. Wiien the pale faced
strangers came, and songht to buy their lands, they
cheerfully sold them with an Indian title ; giving
them permission to occupy with the same privileges
as themselves. For more than fifty years* the
whites had constant intercourse with the Indians
without the least difficulty. It was not till they
began to understand that the whites claimed a fee-
simple title of their lands, and designed to drive
them away from their hunting grounds, and not
until other wrongs were heaped upon them, that they
began to resist their advances, and commit deeds of
violence. The acts of wrong committed by the
whites were commenced very early. In 1614, Capt.
John Smith's companion, Thomas Hunt, stole several
savages and made slaves of them ; among others,
Squando. When the Pilgrims came over, they too
treated them barbarously, and soon their hatred was
roused. History settles the fact, that they were
v/ell disposed until they were wronged. When they
found that a string of beads or a peck of corn was
all that they had received for a valuable tract of
country, in a word, when they fairly understood
Peiwbscot, — River of rocks.
Natuah, — An intervale.
Megicnticook^ — Great swells of sea.
Skoiohegan, — A place to w^atch. for fish..
Arantsoak, — Great camping ground.
Cahbasaconteag-, — Where the sturgeon is found.
Wesserweskeag, or Westkeag, — Land of sights.
Cataicamteak, — Gieat landing-place.
Among the aboriginal names of Maine, are some, equaling the
Latin in their majesty of sound, and others not surpassed in liquid
melody of sound by the best of the southern Lidian dialects.
Could they be collected and defined, they would make a fine cata-
logue. What Latin proper name surpasses Madockawando, or
where in the Italian is a more liquid name than Oosoola, or Al-
lagash ? * Williamson, vol. I. p. 4%.
22
INDIAN HISTORY.
what was meant by a white man's title, they refused
to acknowledge it.
Yery early indeed, the whites found, and sought
to hunt, and fish and trade on the Kennebec. The
land from Merry-meeting Bay down to Winslow's
Rock, in the Long Reach, was bought by James
Smith, of Ramegin, or Robinhood, May 8, 1648.
He paid annually one peck of corn, on the first day
of November. But the deed gives only an Indian
title. It expressly says : — " with the privileges
[reserved to me] as hunting, fowling, fishing, and
other games."* In 1649, he sold Jeremysquam, and
in 1654, Woolwich,! to Edward Bateman and John
Brown. In 1648, (August 8,) the land on both
sides of the river, from Cushnoc, (Augusta,) to Wes-
serunsicke, (Skowhegan,) was sold to William Brad-
ford, by Monquine, Agodoademago, and Tussucke.:|:
Kennebis and Abbagadusset sold all of the land, as
head sachems of the Kennebecs, on both sides of
the river, several times over proving, if there were
no evidence besides, that they only expected buyers
to occupy as tenants in common. In 1649, || Kenne-
bis sold land to Christopher Lawson at Taconnet.
From the very commencement of the seventeenth
century, the French had made efforts, which were
at last successful, to win over the Eastern Indians to
their interest. In this they were much assisted by
the Jesuit priests, among whom stand conspicuous
Biart, Q^uentin and Gilbert du Thet, Gabriel Dreuil-
lettes, Vincent and Jaques Bigot, and Sebastian Rale
These men forsook the attractions of civilized life,
and with a zeal seldom witnessed on earth, devoted
themselves to what they thought the spiritual in-
terests of the red men of America ; and filled their
* Sulli Aran's Hist. Me. t Ibid.
X Williamson's Hist. Me. vol. I. p. 467.
§ Sullivan's Hist. Me. |i Ibid.
INDIAN HISTORY.
23
hearts at length \vith an inveterate hatred of English-
men, which they endeavored to wreak on every
possible occasion. At the commencement of their
labors, in 1615, the Abnakis nmnbered about 17,000,
of whom about 5,000 were Kennebecs, or Canibas.
From the Catholic chapel at Norridgewock, and
from the council lodges of the different clans on the
Kennebec, where the wily priest was always seen
in times of trouble, went out those influences which
at last converted the Abnakis to Catholicism, and
made them such bitter foes to the English and all
Protestants, that nearly up to the period of the Rev-
olution, they were the most terrible enemies to all
the settlements of Maine. They were constantly
excited by religious motives to miniature crusades,
and the lonely cabin of the settler was ravaged, and
the awful terrors of barbaric warfare were constantly
seen. Nothing is more certain than that the efl'orts
made by the French to conciliate the natives, efforts
which were not made until too late, by the English,
caused the Indians to pursue the course which re-
sulted so injuriously to the New England settle-
ments.
The English, at first, having fire-arms, drove the
Indians away easily, and it was not until the French
furnished them, that they began to resist success-
fully.
In the year 1675, Ramegin or Robinhood, was
the chief of the Kennebecs, and he was firmly allied
with Tarumkin of the Anasagunticooks, and Squan-
do of the Sokokis. Squando's squaw was passing
along the Saco, and some rude sailors, having heard
that Indian children could swim naturally, threw her
child in, and caused its death. This roused Squan-
do, and his friend Robinhood, and they plunged
headlong into the first, or King Philip's Avar. The
Kennebecs all engaged against the English in the
six Iridian wars which prevailed : — 1, King Philip's,
24
INDIAN HISTORY.
from June 24, 1675, to April 12, 1678. — 2. King
William's, from August 13, 1688, to Jan. 7, 1699.
3. Q,ueen Anne's, from August, 1703, to July 11,
1713. _ 4. Lovewell's, from June 13, 1722, to Dec.
15, 1725. — 5. Spanish, from July 19, 1745, to Oct.
16, 1749. — 6. French and Indian, from April, 1755,
to February 22, 1760.*
On the breaking out of the first war, the settlers
who were living near Bath, were alarmed, and a par-
ty went up the Kennebec to ascertain the disposition
of the Canibas. They met a band of Indians among
whom were seven Kennebecs, who surrendered their
arms. One, named So wen, a Canibas, endeavored
to kill Hosea Mallet. He was instantly secured, and
was released on confessing that he deserved death,
and offering to pay forty beaver skins. Robinhood,
on hearing of the occurrence, celebrated it with a
great feast and dance, and expressed the utmost
friendship for the English.f Nov. 29, 1690, Egere-
met, alias Moxus, Toqualunt, and Watombanet,
sachems on the Kennebec, signed a treaty at Saga-
dahock. Two years after it was renewed, and sign-
ed by Wassambomet, Ketteramogis, Bomazeen and
Wenobson, of Kennebec. It was not kept, but the
Kemlebecs went against Dover, Wells, York, and
many other places, especially the smaller ones in
Maine. The miseries of the scattered settlers were
terrible, for the Kennebecs, once aroused against
them, became their worst foes, though they always
buried the tomahawk, or crusted it with blood, as
the French desired.
Efforts were made to conciliate them, by the
English, in 1705, by rebuilding a chapel which Col.
Hilton had destroyed, at Norridgewock, but they
* Williamson, Neal, Mass. Rec, Belknap, Mather's Magnalia,
Penhallow. f Williamson, vol.1, p. 519.
INDIAN HISTORY.
25
were iiQsuccessfiil, for, according to Rale,* in 1710
they ravaged twenty leagues of territory, and killed
two hundred, and took five hundred prisoners, and
returned with ten canoes loaded with valuable plun-
der. These outrages were attributed to Rale, and a
reward of a thousand pounds was offered for his
head.
From this time the Indians began to relax their
efforts against the English, though June 13, 1722, a
war party of thirty Kennebecs took nine families
who lived near Merry-meeting Bay, but disiiiissed all
but five.
A skirmish took place in 1723, not far from the
mouth of Cabbassa-contee. Two Mohawk Indians
entered into the service of the Eastern settlers, and
they were sent to fort Richmond. Captain Heath,
the commander, commissioned Ensign Colby and
three whites to go on a scout up the river, with the
Mohawks. After going a few miles, they said they
smelt fire, and would go no further without more
m.en. A messenger was despatched who returned to
the fort, and brought thirteen soldiers, and after
traveling a short distance, they met about thirty
Abnakis. They killed two, and the rest retreated
in so great a hurry as to leave their packs. Colby
was killed, and two soldiers wounded. At this time,
the Indians were so bold and hostile, that no house
or person was safe any where in Maine.
August 23, 1724, a party forever broke up the
}X)v/er of the Kennebecs, by destroying Norridge-
wock, and killing Rale, and most of the leading
chiefs and braves of the tribe. A monument was
erected, August 23, 1833, to commemorate the event.
In 1725, a trading house was established at fort
Richmond. Sabatis, an Anasagunticook sachem, re-
* Early Jesuits, p. 55.
3
26
INDIAN HISTOKY.
quested government, in 1727, to keep supplies at
Brunswick, saying, " in cold winters and deep snows,
my men unable to go to fort Richmond, sometimes
suffer." In 1732, the Governor visited the Kenne-
bec, and after praising its beauty and capacity said,
fort Richmond if rendered defensible, is so situat-
ed as to command the waters of the Kennebeck
river," and he urged the great necessity of their
fortifications being enlarged and repaired.
Several petty attacks were made by small roving
bands of Kennebecs, in 1745.
Dec. 2, 1749, an unfortunate aifray occurred at
Wiscasset, in which a Canibas Indian was killed.
Obadiah Albee and Richard and Benjamin Hoibrook
were arrested for the homicide, though they after-
wards succeeded in escaping. This transaction en-
raged the Indians of' St. Francois and Becancourt,
and about 100 braves proceeded to Richmond fort,
then having but 14 men. Sept. 11, they made a
violent assault, and had they known its weakness
they would have taken it easily. But while they
delayed Capt. Samuel Goodwin and a small . party
succeeded in entering the fort in the night, and
caused the assailants to abandon the assault. They
committed ravages on the river at Dresden, Wiscas-
set and other places.
In 1751, most of them amalgamated with the St.
Francois tribe. These sent a war party, in 1754,
against fort Richmond, but after a few menacing
words they retreated. The few who were now left
of the original Kennebecs were scattered among the
other tribes, and were only dangerous by acting as
guides to the northern and eastern Indians. In 1764
there were but thirty warriors left of the once great
tribe of the Kennebecs.*
* Williamson, vol. I. p. 482.
i;s'DrAN HISTORY.
27
Oq the breaking out of the Revokition, the few
remaining warriors of the Kennebecs gathered at
Gardinerston. Avhere they were persuaded by Paul
Higgins, a white man who had lived among them
from childhood, to join the Americans. Headed and
guided by Reuben Colburn, they went, to the num-
ber of twenty or thii;ty, in their canoes to Merry-
meeting Bay, whence they proceeded to Carnbridge
on foot, and arrived August 13, 1775.* They were
not much encouraged by Y^^ashington, and returned.
Swashan.f a chief formerly distinguished around the
western part of the State, but who lived in 1775 at
vSt. Francois, came to Cabbassa with the Canibas,
designing to aid the Americans. He told Washing-
ton that half of his tribe, and nearly all of the
Canadians, were ready to fight against the English,
who seem to have made efforts to obtain their favor
and that of the Canadians, in vain. In 1 795 there
were but seven families, and tiiere is not one of all
that noble race now on the earth.
Of the Kennebec chiefs, Robinhood lived at
Woolwich; Kennebis at Swan Island; Abbigadas-
sett at the same place ; Assiminasqua at Waterville ;
Hopehood or Wohawa, at Woolwich ; Bomazeen at
Waterville ; Arruhawikwabemt at Norridgewock ;
Warraeensit and Wadacanaquin at the same place.
Natahnis and S abatis were two brothers who were
much respected and beloved all along the river.
They were with Arnold as guides, on his great ex-
pedition to Canada. They resided in a very lonely
piace,J and were thought to be spies, and, on the 4th
of October, Arnold surrounded the cabin of Natahnis
and endeavored to take him. The place had been
deserted a week. Near the wigwam was found a
very accurate map of the route to Canada, which
* Drake, B, III. p. 1-36, t Ibid. t Ibid.
28
INDIAN HISTORY.
Natahnis had drawn on birch bark, and }>laced on
the top of a stake. It was of great use to the army.
In Canada the red brothers joined the Americans,
and Avere in the siege of duebec, Dec. 31, 1775,
where Natahnis was wounded in the wrist, and taken
prisoner. Drake relates, on what seems good author-
ity, that they were the only Indians employed in the
Revolution by the Americans.
On the first settlement of Gardinerston, there
were Indians frequently seen, and the early traders
made most profitable bargains with them. They
were able to purchase very valuable furs with a little
rum or a small piece of bright cloth. They were
Catholic, were faithful in their bargains, and harm-
less and inoffensive in their intercourse, except when
maddened to frenzy by the fire-water of the pale-
faces. The scene displayed around the Cabbassa-
contee, at the gathering previous to the journey to
Cambridge, is well recollected,"^ as are the frequent
journeys the red men were accustomed to make to
the sea, in the early times ; but, with the exception
of the incidents related of Ezra Davis and Alexander
Brown, hereafter, it is not known that any impor-
tant events ever occurred between the whites and
Indians, in the neighborhood of the towns treated
of in these pages.
They rapidly passed away. The advancing tides
of civilization swept them oiF, and now their favor-
ite haunts are filled with the institutions of a better
mode of life. The dark, solemn forests have fallen.
The wigwam has been succeeded by the farm-house
and the populous village and cit}^ The white sails
of commerce, the railway train, the busy avocations
of civilized life, now occupy the soil where the
noble form of the dusky Indian dwelt.
* Abiathcr Tibbets.
CHAPTER II.
A BRIEF SKETCH OF THE KENNEBEC CLAIM.
The history of the early settlement of America
is one of the most deeply interesting studies to the
attentive observer of human affairs ; and the coloni-
zation of the northern regions, especially, should
receiv^e his careful consideration. While it was
known that this continent possessed realms as fair as
ever the sun Ughted, filled with tropical beauty and
abundance, never fading flowers and always ripening
fruits, the enterprising voyagers who first landed on
our shores, with few exceptions, seem to have pre-
ferred the wild, stormy regions of the north, to the
sunny v^ales and uplands of the south. Led by what
is sometimes called an instinct, but what the Chris-
tian more correctly calls Providence, they sowed the
seeds of civilization in the wintry valleys of New
England.
That portion which is now Massachusetts, was
permanently settled first, in New England, though
the shores of Maine were known to English voy-
agers very early.* Bartholomew Gosnold sailed from
Falmouth, England, March 6th, 1602, and proceeding
westward, landed somewhere in the 43d degree of
north latitude ; probably in the neighborhood of -
* There are excavations, and cellars, and the remains of fouud-
ations to buildings, in Edgecomb and along the coast east of
"SViscasset, which were found by the earliest settlers there, and
v,'hich were made by unknown hands, perhaps long before the
English or French settlement of North America.
3*
30
SKETCH OF THE KENNEBEC CLAIM.
Mount Desert. He saw a European shallop with eiglit
savages, one of whom wore English garments,
whence he properly concluded that an English ves-
sel had visited the coast before him.
Martin Pring, in 1603, commanded two vessels,
the Speedwell and the Discoverer, and visited Amer-
ica for the purpose of obtaining cargoes of sassafras,
then considered a powerful medicine. He sailed
along the coast, but did not probably see the Kenne-
bec river.
In 1605, George Weymouth and his crew, coasted
the shores of Maine, and discovered the Penobscot
river. They sowed various garden seeds, May 22d,
on an island, and this was the first essay at agricul-
ture ever made in Maine.
From this date various attempts were made at
settling in this portion of the wilderness. In 1 606,
James I. granted to the Plymouth Council all the'
land contained between the 34th and 45th degrees of
north latitude, which grant included the southern
half of Maine, and the Sagadahock colony was
commenced, August 11, 1607, on Stage Island: but
this place was soon abandoned, and the colony pro-
ceeded to Atkin's bay, about ten miles from the
mouth of Kennebec river. Here a small colony of
forty-five persons wintered, in 1607-8. The place
was known in subsequent times as Popham's fort.
In the course of the year 1608 the colony became
discouraged by a variety of causes, and the enter-
prise Avas abandoned. There was not suflicient
stamina and perseverance in the colonists to oppose
successfully the rigors of our austere clime.
Other settlements were made in various places, and
grants and patents of different parts of Maine were
conveyed to severaP prominent persons. The cele-
brated Capt. Smith, of Pocahontas memory, explored
the region, and others attempted a colony in 1614,
and another in 1617, aij^ at subsequent periods.
SKETCH OF THE KENNEBEC CLAIM.
31
III 16-20, King James renewed the charter of 1606,
with more ample privileges and better defined Hmits,
extending from the 40th to the 4Sth degree of north
latitude ; and in 1624, the Plymouth Council made
a grant of a portion of the territory which they
received from King James to Sir Ferdinando Gorges
and John Mason. It was defined as extending from
the Merrimack to Sagadahock. The Council evi-
dently meant the Saco, so ill-defined and incorrectly
named were localities in those days ; but the gran-
tees claimed to the Kennebec, and as both claimants
conveyed the same places to different individuals,
great disputes resulted.
It was not until two years after, in the year 1626,
that the New Plymouth settlers began to trade with
the natives along the Kennebec. In that year a
shallop of corn passed up the riv^er, and returned
with 7001bs of beaver skins, and some .either furs.*
These voyagers, being desirous of securing for them-
selves all this profitable trade, applied to the Ply-
mouth Council for a Patent, which they obtained,!
but it was too indefinite to be of very great service.
Still, with Indian corn and wampum, J and a few
trinkets, valuable furs were obtained for the Euro-
pean market, and thus the adventurous settlers and
traders managed to turn very advantageous bargains.
In 1628, a trading house was erected near Merry-
meeting Ba}^.
January 13, 1629, the Kennebec or Plymouth
Patent was granted to New Plymouth. It was from
the old Plymouth colony to William Bradford and
his .associates as follows : —
" And FORASMUCH as they had no convenient
* Prince's Annals, p. 156-7. f Williamson, vol. I. p. 233.
I Wampum or wampumpeag was composed of blue and white
beads, and was mucli desired for ornaments, by the Indians in
Maine. It was purchased of the^arragansetts and Pequods.
32
SKETCH OB' THE KENNEBEC CLAIM.
Place either of Trading or Fishing within their own
Precincts, wherehy after so long Travel and great
Pains, so hopeful a Plantation might subsist, as also
that they might the better be encouraged to proceed
in so pious a Work, which might especially tend to the
Propagation of Religion, and the great Increase of
Trade to his Majesty's Realms, and Advancement of
the Public Plantation ;
" The said Council further granted and assigned
unto the said William Bradford, his Heirs, Asso-
ciates and Assigns, All that Tract of Land or part
of Nev^ England in America, aforesaid, which lyeth
within or between and extendeth itself between the
utmost limits of Cobbiseconte, alias Comaseconte,
which adjoineth to the river of Kennebeck, alias
Kennebekike, towards the western ocean, and a
place called the Falls at Neguamkike, in America
aforesaid, and the space of fifteen English miles on
each side of the said river commonly called the
Kennebeck river, and all the said river called Ken-
nebeck, that lies within the said limits, &c."*
This grant, which was designed to further the
settlement of America, contained 1,500,000 acres of
land. Many disputes and much litigation grew out
of the loose manner in which the limits of this
grant were described, but at length the boundaries
were submitted to Messrs. Walcot, Gridley. Pratt,
Worthington and Hawley, very eminent lawyers, and
they decided, in 1757, the southern boundary should
be the northern line of Woolwich, below Swan
Island, and the northern boundary, the southern line
of Cornville, which would comprise a strip of land
thirty miles wide, and from the Wesserunsicke, to
the southernmost bend of the Cabbassa-contee river.
This legal decision by the Superior Court of Massa-
* Deed. Statement of Kennebec Claim, etc.
SKETCH OF THE KENNEBEC CLAJM.
33
chiisetts and Maine, put a stop to the extravagant
claims of the New Plymouth Company, which de-
fined the sea as its southern hounds. As the south-
ern boundaries of the Kennebec Purchase were " the
utmost hniits of Cobbiseconte," and the " falls of
Neguamkike," it became a most important question
where these localities were.
The earliest charts fix them well. In a plan
dated 1752, is a place about four miles below the
Cabbassa-coutee, marked Nahimikee. In another
early plan, the same place is called Nehumke. In
Col. Heath's survey^ made in 1719, and in Jones',
dated 1731, the same place is called Nehumkeag,
and in North's, made in 175-2, it is marked Neguam-
kike.* Many depositions were taken on this subject.
Joseph Bane, aged 76 years, testified October 19,
1752, that he was with the Indians many years, and
that the Cobbiseconte was about twelve miles above
Richmond fort, and that about four miles lower was
Nehumke. Philip and Obadiah Call, James Collar,
and John Harron, declared to the same effect. f
In 1634 a trading house was erected at fort Pop-
ham, and another at Cushnoc, and, April 3, 1639, the
charter of the Province of Maine was granted.
In 1634,41 the Lords Say and Brooke, commission-
ed a Capt. Hoskins to visit Kennebec, but the au-
thorities stationed on the river by the Plymouth
Council forbade him to trade with the natives, and
John Alden, one of the magistrates sent three men
to cut his cables. They parted one, and he threaten-
ed them with death if they touched the other. They
* KeBnebec Claims.
t Philip Call and Obadiah, his father, were among the very-
earliest settlers of Dresden. They were famous himters, and were
with the Indians much, Philip Avas grandfather to Capt. David
Call, at Bowman's Point.
i Williamson, yoI. I. p. 252.
34
SKETCH OF THE KENNEBEC CLAIM.
did so, and he shot one, and immediately received a
mortal wound himself. A kinsman of Hoskins pro-
cured the arrest of Alden, and he had his trial. It
was declared that Alden had violated the sixth
commandment, but that, as Hoskins was the aggres-
sor, it was excusable homicide. This act and trial
caused a great deal of excitement in Boston and .
vicinity.
The tribunal settled one principle, that the New
Plymouth colonists had an exclusive right to the
trade of the Kennebec, and that all intruders were
trespassers.
The Lords Say and Brooke wrote to the Governor
of New Plymouth, " we could for the death of Hos-
kins, have despatched a man-of-war and beat down
your houses at Kennebeck about your ears." But
the matter did not proceed to such extremities.
Hubbard calls the captain's name, Hocking.
* Twenty hogsheads of beaver were procured in
1634 at Kennebec, by the New Plymouth adven-
turers. It was in the Spring of this year, that
Governor Winslow visited Kennebec, and was near
being killed, by an Indian, as he stood on the
parapet.
In the year 1636, there were about 100 souls
scattered up and down the Kennebec, but they were
so sparse as not to be represented in the General
Court.f
In 1640, the owners of the Kennebec Purchase
ceded their grant to all the freemen of the Plymouth
colony, so that it soon took the name of the " New
Plymouth Grant."
From the year 1649 to 1666, the lands on both
sides of the Kennebec were purchased a second
time of the Sagamores who claimed them. But
* Williamson, vol, I. p. 26G.
t Ibid, p. 267.
SKETCH OF THE KENNEBEC CLAIM.
35
these lands were sold several times over by different
chiefs to different purchasers. Even as early as
1648. a chief sold all the land from the month of
the river to Wesserunsett, to Governor Bradford.
Sept. 10, 1653, Essemenesqne testified that Mattah-
anada sold to Wm. Bradford, " all that tract of land
from Cobbiseconte mito the place where I now
dwell, called Usserunscut," and that he and all other
Indians concerned approved the sale.* July 8, 1653,
Baggadnssett declaredf that Monquine, alias Matta-
hannada, the son of old Natawormet, Sagamore,
sold from the lov/er end of Cobbiseconte, to the
upper side of Wesserunskeik.J He received two
skins of liquor, and one skin of bregd /^KW^^ ^^^^^^
a million acres of land. iif<5 f
At this time the settlers and squatters, and trap-
pers, regardless of the Plymouth Patent, and the
claims of the Patentees, went wherever they chose,
refusing to adhere to the company's rules, and as the
Plymouth authorities were so far removed, they pur-
sued their inclinations unmolested. Land could be
had almost for the asking, b)it perhaps they thought a
deed from an Indian owner, as good as one from a
Plymouth claimant. The settlements and trade on
tlie river declined considerably about the year 1650,
and the exports were greatly lessened.
May 15, 1654, a warrant was issued, calling upon
the inhabitants on the river to assemble on the 23d,
at the house of Thomas Ashly, near Merry-meeting
Bay. Thomas Prince, the comimissioner, was met
by sixteen men, who took the oath of allegiance to
England and the Plymouth colony.
This^ embryo State elected Thomas Purchas, of
Pejepscot, Assistant, and John Ashley, constable.
* Stateraent of Kennebec claim. Also Lincoln Pvegistry of
d^eds, t Ibid. I Ibid. § AVilliamson, vol. I. p. 367.
36
SKETCH OF THE KENNEBEC CLAIM.
None of them seem to have lived near Cabbassa.
It is interesting to note the civil enactments of this
little band. Capital crimes, such as treason, murder,
converse or compact with the devil, either by con-
juration or witchcraft, arson, sodomy, rape, adultery,
to be tried by the General Court. Other crimes to
be tried by the Assistant's Court. Theft to be pun-
ished by restoring three or fourfold ; the drunkard
fined five shillings for the first, and ten shillings for
the second oftence, and to be put in the stocks for
'the third. Sabbath-breaking, at the discretion of
the Assistant. Selling strong liquor to the Indians,
to forfeit double the amount sold for the first offence,
fourfold for the second, and for the third, to be for-
ever prohibited from trading with them. Fishing
and fowling free.
Nowhere* else had the fur trade been so indus-
triously and profitably followed. For nearly forty
years the rich beaver and other peltries, had been
sent by hogsheads and bales to other parts of the
world, and yet, in 1661, when the patent was con-
veyed to Boies, Tyng, Brattle and WinsloAV, there
were not in the 700 square miles, above 300 white
people. The colony sold its rights to Antipas
Boies, Edward Tyng, Thomas Brattle and John
Winslow, for £400. No systematic attempt to settle
was made for many years. The descendants and
assignees of these men, associated and formed what
was long known as the Kennebeck Company, and
the owners of our soil now trace their titles back to
that organization.
f " In 1676, Alexander Brown was killed at his
house at Kerdoormeorp, about six miles above Swan
* Williamson, vol. I. p. 370.
t History of the Kennebec Purchase by R. H. Gardiner, Esq.,
p. 278, Maine Hist. Coll.
SKETCH OF THE KENNEBEC CLAIM.
37
Island and at the same time all the other whites
who had located above Swan Island, for purposes of
fishing and hunting, etc. There seem to have been
several scattered along the river, possibly some as far
up as Cushnoc and Taconnet, (Augusta and Winslow. )
The celebrated charter of William and Mary,
dated October 7th, 1691, divided Maine into two
great sections called Maine and Sagadahock. The
former extended from the Piscataqua to the Kenne-
bec, and the other from the Kennebec to the St.
Croix.
The^'^ long delay of settlement on the Kennebec,
seemed to decline in the year 1716, for we find the
proprietors offering to give families 100 acres of
land, and to remove them and their effects, and aid
them in supporting the Gospel, if they would become
settlers. Doctor Noyes of Boston, a prominent man
among the Plymouth proprietors, built a stone fort
at Cushnoc this year, said to be the best in the East.
This fort was surrounded by settlers, and encouraged
other towns less exposed, and doubtless the country
would have thrived rapidly ; but the demon War
lighted his torch, and the inhabitants retreated. The
Indians burnt it in Lovewell's war, and gradually
the fisheries and trading ceased.
Williamson tells us that Noyes entered largely into
the sturgeon fishery, for the English market. The
London epicures pronounced the American sturgeon
to be equal to those brought from Norway. The
best place in the river was around the mouth of the
Cabbassa. Thousands of barrels were transported to
Europe.
In the year 1719, fort Richmond was built op-
posite Swan Island, on the west bank of the river.
It was near the water, and not very well built. It
* Penhallow. Kennebec ClaimsMh'
4 0
38
SKETCH OF THE KENNEBEC CLAIM.
was dismantled in 1754. It stood in the present
town of Richmond, ten miles below Gardiner. " On
a map dated in 1720, there is a house drawn, and a
clearance delineated on the west side of Kennebec
river, a little above Nafiumkeag Island, and marked
fishing establishment."* ''From depositions pre-
served in the Compaliy's records, it appears that in
1728 there was only one family remaining at Long
Reach, now Bath, and that all the country from
Damariscotta mills to the ocean was a wilderness. ''f
Several ships were built near the mouth of the
river, in the year 1742, and it is not known that this
great branch of business was followed in Maine be-
fore. During the same year, the Governor proposed
offering to foreign Protestants lands, such as would
induce settlement ; for it was ascertained that grants
of townships and plantations to single individuals
did not procure their settlement.
At this time the people from Richmond fort, and
north, were taxed £34. There were ten soldiers
stationed there in 1743 and 25 in 1744.
Mr. Gardiner says, f " The meetings of the Com-
pany continued regularly from 1749 till they were
finally closed, in 1816. Very strong prejudices
existed against the Plymouth Company for many
years previous to its dissolution. Some of the proprie-
tors were men of fortune who invested their money
in the purchase as a good speculation, and without
intending to give themselves any trouble about its
management; others, being tories at the period of
the Revolution, abandoned their country, and never
again returned to it. The portions therefore of the
lands which those persons had received in severalty
were wholly neglected, purchases could not be made.
* Ilist. Kennebec Purchase, Maine Hist. Col. by E,. H. Gard-
iner, Esr4., i). 2m t Ibid. X Ibid, p. 278.
SKETCH OF THE KENNEBEC CLAIM.
39
for there was nobody to sell ; the best settlers would
only go where they could obtain a title to the soil.
These lands were therefore taken up by men of no
property and little industry, who were generally
unwilling to make improvements on soil to which
they had no title, and from which they could be
ejected at any moment.
A heavy responsibility rests upon the person
upon whom devolves the duty of fostering the settler
in his first efforts to subdue the wilderness ; where
lands are held in large patents or proprietaries, the
individual settler must mainly depend upon the Cor-
poration for the establishment of roads, schools,
places of worship and those other essentials to the
prosperity of a civilized community ; property be-
yond what a man has acquired by his own hands,
is altogether a creature of law, and is designed for
the general benefit, and the laws of our country as
well as of others, allow the owner to be deprived of
this property against his consent, upon an equivalent
granted, when it becomes necessary for the public
convenience. Any man therefore who keeps back
from cultivation the soil necessary for the welfare of
the community, acts in dereliction of the principles
upon which the tenure of property is founded, and
has no reason to complain, if by betterment laws or
other enactments his negligence should be punished
by a practical forfeiture of his rights.
" Without therefore attempting to justify the in-
dividual proprietors, the efforts of the Plymouth
Company for a quarter of a century after its forma-
tion, were judicious and unremitting, and they spared
neither labor nor expense to promote the prosperity
of the settlement, aijd it is owing to their exertions
that the county of Kennebec has held so distinguish-
ed a place in the State."
In March, 1752, a tract five miles square above
Cabbassacontee river, was granted to three persons
40
SKETCH OF THE KENNEBEC CLAIM.
from Massachusetts, provided they would place one
hundred settlers on the same within three years, and
townships on the same terms were offered to John
Stedman, of Rotterdam, Henry Ebronfield, of Frank-
fort, and Gershom Flagg.* These offers were all in
vain, on account of the difficulty of obtaining settlers.
At the same time it was voted in the Company that
any settler petitioning for a lot of land any where
in the Patent should have it.
It has been observed that several attempts were
made to settle parts of our State, and even portions
of Kennebec, previous to the grant made to the
owners of the Kennebec Purchase. The great dis-
tance from the centre of power, and the consequent
hardships, and exposure to danger, prevented the
accomplishment of that purpose, which the great
advantages of hunting, fishing and soil seemed to
suggest. The Indians of Maine, always in the French
interest, and among the most implacable on the con-
tinent, operated as a constant check on every enter-
prise. While the Indians of Plymouth were weak
and soon exterminated or subdued, those of Maine
were always able to descend in destruction on the
whites, and find immediate security in their vast
retreats.
The Plymouth Grant was of great value for its
salmon, sturgeon and furs, and the parent colony
used much effort to derive a valuable revenue from
the territory, but squatters and trappers who disre-
garded their claims interfered largely with their
profits, and it was because the property was poor,
that they sold their claim in 166 1. f
Their labors were confined to fishing and trading
until 1749, when efforts were made to settle the
* R. H. Gardiner, Esq., Hist. Ken. Pur., Maine Hist. Col.
vol. II. p. 280, 281. t Hist. Plymouth, p. 118.
SKETCH OF THE KENNEBEC CLAIM.
41
territoiy, and accordingly a m'eetkig of the old pro-
prietors and others, who by will or purchase had
become owners, was held in September, 1749, and
after much consultation, Massachusetts passed an act
incorporating the proprietors of the Kennebec Pur-
chase from the Plymouth colony, in June, 1753.
At the time of this incorporation, their claims
were very extensive under the purchase, and extend-
ed from Casco Bay to Pemaquid, and from the ocean
to Carratunk falls. Four adjoining Companies claim-
ed, however, large portions of this territory, whose
claims, after tedious litigation, were finally settled,
either by compromise or reference. The controversy
with Clarke and Lake, was the first s^tled. They
claimed under Indian deeds, and after sundry law-
suits and references, it was decided in 1758, that on
the east side of Kennebec river, the north line of
the present town of Woolwich should be the south
boundary of the Plymouth Patent, and the north
line of Clarke and Lake. The second claim was of
the Wiscasset Company, also under Indian deeds,
and was finally settled by compromise in 1762, the
boundary line between them being fixed at half
way between the Sheepscot and Kennebec rivers,
from Monsweag bay to the upper narrows in Sheep-
scot river. The third settlement was with the
Pejepscut proprietors who had obtained formal re-
cognition of their titles by a charter from William
and Mary, and by the Massachusetts Legislature, in
1715, and again in 1726 ; but a clause was inserted
in the Mass|i^jhusetts confirmations, " saving all other
interest that may be found therein." This com-
promise Avas arranged after much difficulty in 1758,
i)ut was not finally completed till some years later,
* Hist, of the Ken. Purchase, R. H. Gardiner, Esq., Maine
Hist. Col. vol. II. p. 276, 277.
4*
42
SKETCH OF THE KENNEBEC CLAIM,
when in 1766 the Pejepsciit Company released to
the Plymouth Company the lands between New
Meadows and Kennebec river, comprising the present
towns of Phippsburg and Bath, and determined the
line between them as the south line of the Plymouth
Company, to run from the mouth of the Cathance
river, W. N. W., and the west line to be fifteen
miles from Kennebec river, but it was another half
century before the meaning of the expression " fifteen
miles from Kennebec river," which was to be the
west line of the Plymouth Company, and the east
line of the Pejepscut was finally settled. The Courts
after a tedious suit determined that it should not be
a line paralleP to the Kennebec river, but a line every
where fifteen miles distant from any part of the
river. The fourth settlement was in 1763, with the
Pemaquid proprietors, holding under a grant from
the Plymouth colony."
In 1752, the Government deposited several hogs-
heads of bread, and several barrels of pork at fort
Richmond to conciliate the Indians. Settlements
were now rapidly increasing. Woolwich, Bath,
Edgecomb, Dresden, Bowdoinham, Topsham, Wis-
casset, Sheepscot and other places were filling up,
and the State seemed prospering, though many con-
troversies about land titles were fruitful causes of
trouble. Besides, the Indians were constantly com-
plaining of the settlements above fort Richmond.
They denied that their fathers had ever designed to
convey lands further north than that place. In 1754
some 60 of them visited Richmond, an^ threatened
its destruction. The new encroachments of the
settlers, and the instigations of the French, seem to
have been the principal causes.
Settlers began to move in, about 1751, and the
* Maine Hist. Col. vol. II. p. 279, 11. H. Gardiner, Esq.
SKETCH OF THE KENNEBEC CLAIM.
43
at Augusta was built in I75i, and tliat at Winslow in
1755. "The proprietors* now attributed tlieir want
of success to the dread of the hostile Indians, which
deterred settlers from coming within their patent,
and to remove this dread they chose a committee to
treat with the Indians, and to satisfy them of the
peaceable nature of their settlements ; and in 1754,
in order to give confidence to the lower settlements
on the Kennebec, they voted that if the government
of Massachusetts would build a fort at Ticonic,t that
they themselves would build barracks and block-
houses. This proposition was assented to, by the pro-
prietors undertaking to build a house of hewn timber
100 feft by 32, and 11 feet high, at Cushnoc,J two
blockhouses and two sentry boxes, and also to pro-
tect the workmen ; to these terms the proprietors
agreed, and the house known by the name of the
Old Fort then built, is still standing on the east side
of the river, a little below the bridge at Augusta,
and fort Halifax at Ticonic, was completed the fol-
lowing year."
" Among the new proprietors at the organization
of the Company, was Dr. Sylvester Gardiner ; he
must have inspired great confidence in his judgment
and discretion, for he was almost immediately made
perpetual moderator of all their meetings, and from
that period till the American Revolution, he devised
all their plans, and directed all their measures, and
expended large sums from his own private fortune to
forward the settlements in Kennebec, and to his
enlarged views, indefatigable exertions and liberal
mind, may be^lttributed those plans which so rapidly
advanced the prosperity of the Patent. As evidence
' the vigorous measures adopted, it may be mention-
that in eleven years from the time Dr. Gardiner as-
* Maine His. Col. vol. 11. p. 279. t Winslow. % Axigusta.
44
SKETCH OF THE KENNEBEC CLAIM.
sumed the management of the Company's concerns,
£5000 were assessed on the shares of the Company,
which was expended in promoting the prosperity of
the Patent. In 1761, they erected the County
buildings for the County of Lincohi, at Pownalboro',
now Dresden, and the court house then erected, is
still standing on the east side of the Kennebec,
about two miles above Swan Island. The difficulty
of obtaining settlers at this period, when the expect-
ation of realizing sudden wealth by emigration had
subsided, where no inducement was offered to emi-
grants beyond the grant of a fruitful soil requiring
patient labor before it would yield its slow returns,
can hardly now be realized. Europe did not then
contain a large surplus population to be annually
provided for, the sword preventing any increasing
numbers. The few who were tempted to leave
their friends and country to obtain a more comforta-
ble support, were attracted to the milder climates,
and more stable governments of the older colonies.
The early records of the colony give abundant evi-
dence of the difficulty of obtaining settlers, and
show the means adopted by the proprietors for secur-
ing them. In the year 1751, a number of Germans
having arrived at Boston, the Plymouth Company
as an inducement to them to settle in their Patent,
offered immediately to give each family one hundred
acres of land in what is now called Dresden, to pay
their passage from Boston, and to advance them six
months provisions, and to build a house of defence
against the Indians; the only conditions they im-
posed upon the settlers, were that eac^ should clear
five acres of land, and build a house 20 feet by 1 8,
within three years. These offers were accepted, and
the descendants are yet to be distinguished in th^
neighborhood by their patronymic names."* ^
* Hist. Ken. Pur. Maine Ilist. Col. vol. II. p. 279, 280.
SKETCH OF THE KENNEBEC CLAJM.
45
To Dr. Gardiner undoubtedly the praise should
be ascribed of settling the region of ancient Pittston,
and for aiding very materially in the general settle-
ment of the Kennebec valley. The particulars of
his biography, and sketches of his family and de-
scendants may be found hereafter, as well as an
account of the efforts he made to settle Gardinerston.
The extract just quoted from the pen of his grand-
son, conveys a proper idea of his services.
February 14, 1753,* 21,000 acres of land Avere
granted to Ephraim Jones and Eleazar Melvin of
Concord, and Joseph Fay of Andover, Massachusetts.
This land comprised Gardiner. The Company re-
served mill-sites, proper lands for the ministry, and
1000 acres for other purposes. But the conditions
of furnishing settlers were not complied with, and
the grants were forfeited, though the Proprietors
afterwards ceded the reservation of mill-sites, all but
those on the falls in West Gardiner, known as Cram's
mills. Finding that tlie trio above-mentioned were
not likely to furnish the necessary " hundred fami-
lies," the proprietors decided in March, that they
might have such proportion of the grant as they
furnished families. But even under these favorable
auspices, no settlements were made. Inf the same
year they granted to Florentius Vassal a township,
on condition of his introducing one hundred settlers
in five years. This was the sixth township which
was offered upon the same conditions within little
more than a year, but in no instance were the gran-
tees able to avail themselves of the offers, and the
grants became void. The offer of a township was
made to James Otis, in 1754, but it was no more
successful than the rest.
* R. H. Gardiner, Hist. Kennebec Pur. Maine Hist. Col. vol. II.
p. 281. t Ibid.
46 SKETCH OF THE KENNEBEC CLAIM.
Dr.* Sylvester Gardiner who had long been aware
of the great facilities of the Kennebec river and its
territories, now began to turn his energies to the
work of settlement. He brought an uncommon
zeal, a ripe judgment, great business talent, and a
powerful interest in the growth of the country, to
bear on his enterprise, and so confident was he of
success, that he was willing to commence at his own
expense, what the large Company of Proprietors, had
never been able to accomplish. He received a grant
' of four hundred acres of land, where Dresden vil-
lage now stands, cleared up land, laid out a farm,
erected houses and mills, and employed a sloop to
run to the Kennebec in the summer, and to the
Sheepscot in the winter. The farm and farmhouse
are now owned and occupied by one of his great-
grand-sons.
In December, 1754, |" the Company granted to
Dr. Gardiner the falls and part of the land forming
the present town of Gardiner, not as a gift as they
had offered it the previous year to strangers, but as a
portion of what he would be entitled to in the future
divisions of the Company, and trusting to his deter-
mined purpose, these grants were made without the
usual restrictions or limitations ; and so well did Dr.
Gardiner fulfil the expectations of the Company, that
he soon afterwards commenced, and in a few years
completed at Gardinerston, now Gardiner, two saw-
mills, a grist-mill, fulling-mill, pot-ash, wharf, stores,
and many houses, and cleared an extensive farm ; he"
also cleared farms and built houses at the Chops near
Merry-meeting Bay, at Lynde's Island, Swan Island,
Dresden, Pittston and Winslow, and was at great
expense in introducing settlers and furnishing them
* R. H. Gardiner, Esq., Maine Hist. Col. vol. II.
t Ibid, p. 283.
SKETCH OF THE KENNEBEC CLAIM.
47
with supplies. Tlie houses he built were mostly on
the same model, two stories in front, and one back,
with a roof sloping from the ridge-pole of the front
part to the eves of the one story in the rear ; the
one at Swan Island is still occupied by another of
his descendants. His exertions gave great stimulus
to the settlements ; for many years his grist-mill was
the only one in the country, and settlers came thirty
miles with their meal bags upon their backs, from
the interior, or in canoes by the river, to get their
grists ground." He did so well that the terms on
which the lands were granted, were yielded as ap-
pears by the following : —
" At a meeting of tlie Proprietors of the Kennebeck Purchase
from the late Coloiiy of New Plymouth, held at Boston by ad-
journment, the Filth February, 1755 :
Whereas this Propriety at their meeting at Boston held by ad-
journment, the 11 : December, 1754, did vole, grant and assign to
Silvester Gardiner of Boston, Physician, his heirs and assigns for-
ever, Two Tracts of Land on Kennebeck River as pr. said Grants
reference thereto being had, may more fully appear on Conditions
of setiKng two Families on each Tract within three years from the
date of the Grants if not prevented by War, which Grants were
made for great Services done this Propriety by said Silvester Gar-
diner, therefore it is unanimously Voted, That the said Grantee,
his heirs and assigns shall hold the aforesaid Lands forever, free
from the Conditions of settling two Families on each tract as men-
tioned in said Grants. ,
" A True Copy, Exam'd.
" Pr. Henry Alline, jun., Prop'rs Clerk."
*As late as 1775, and until a mill was erected at
Sebasticook, the settlers of old Norridgewock and
Canaan, were obliged to go to " Cobbossee," to mill,
with their corn in their canoes.
Other grants were soon made to James McCobb,
Benjamin Faneuil and others, and among them,
Samuel Oldham received one hundred acres, if he
would burn a kiln of bricks on the spot for his own
* Hanson's Hist, of Norridgewock and Canaan.
48
SKETCH OF THP: KFJNNEBEC CLAIM.
use. So difFicnlt was it to persuade settlers to go
" down cast."
That the reader may see the form of the first
grants, the following extract is presented. After re-
citing the various titles by which the land had been
held, a sketch of which has been given, the deed
proceeds : —
" And whereas the said Willimn Bradford and his A ssociates,
afterwards assigned over and surrendered up to the late Colony of
New Plymouth the aforesaid Tract on Kenebeck River., together
Avith other Lands, and the same Colony afterwards, viz. : on the
twenty-seventh Day of October, A. D. 1661, being seized of the
whole Tract aforesaid on Kenebeck River, and also the Lands on
both sides the said E,iver, upwards to Wessarunscut, by their Deed
of Bargain and Sale of that Date, for and in Consideration of the
Sum of FOUR HUNDRED POUNDS Sterling, sold all the said
Lands on said River to Ajitipas Boyes, Edward Tyng, Thomas Brat-
tle and Joh7i Winsloiv, their and every of their Heirs and Assigns
forever, as the said Deed Registered in the Records of said Colony
may more fully appear. KNOW YE, THAT we the Heirs and As-
signs of the said A^itipas Boyes, Edioard Tyng, Thomas Brattle and
John Winsloto, of and in all said Lands on Kenebeck River afore-
said, and legal Proprietors thereof, at our Meeting held at Bostori,
this Eleventh Day of December, A. D. 1754:, called and regulated
according to Law, have voted, granted and assigned to Silvester
Gardiner of Boston in the County of Suffolk and Province of Mas-
sachusetts Bay in New England, Physician, his Heirs and Assigns
forever, Parcel of land within our Tract aforesaid, Situate lying
and being on the West side of Kenebeck river, butted and bound-
ed as follows, viz. : Begnining Twenty Rods North of the Mouth
of Cobbiseconte River and runs Westerly'Two miles keeping the
said Breadth, and then runs Southerly to the said Cobbiseconte
River, and then runs on said River till it comes to the first pond in
said River, and then runs on the East South Easterly side of said
pond untill it meets with the North Line of Lott No. 11, commonly
called Thomas Hancock Esq his Lott, then runs East South East
on the North line of said Lott untill it meets Kenebeck River,
then runs Northerly up said Kenebeck River, untill it meets the
first mentioned bounds ; On Condition the said Silvester settles
two Families on said Tract within three years if not prevented by
an Indian War.
•* This Lott granted to said Silvester lies in a Triangular Town
and is called Lott (AB.) in the Companys plan as thereon deline-
ated and laid down by John North Esq Surveyor.
" In Witness whereof the proprietors aforesaid have caused
their Seal to be hereto affix'd. David Jeffries prop. Clerk.
" A Copy of Dr. Silvester Gardiners Grant.
[l. s.] " Compared pr. David Jeffries prop. Clerk."
SKETCH OF THE KENXEBEC CLAiat.
49
** At a Meeting o f the Proprietors of the Kenebeck Purchase from the
l-ate Colony 0/ New-Plymouth, on the 1\th of Jan'y, 1753, icnani-
mously Toted,
«' This Proprietee ■will be at the Cost of Defending any Law-
Suits that may arise on Account of any Grants made by said Pro-
prietee to an}' Person or Persons whatsoever, provided said Grantee
seasonably acquaint the said Proprietee with any Law- Suit com-
menced against him or them as aforesaid ; and impower any one
or more Person or Persons whom said proprietee shall appoint, to
defend said Action or Actions to final Judgment (cim Facultate
4ubstituendi,) and also afford said Person or Persons thus impower-
ed, all such Assistance as he or they can, in Defence of the same."
The lands on the west side of the Kennebec were
granted as follows : — The land was laid out in lots
one mile wide on the river, and five miles long, run-
ning west, and each contained 3200 acres. Lot No.
1, commenced at Abagadussett Point, and was grant-
ed to Benjamin Hallo well, Dec. 10, 1760 ; Lot No.
2, to Samuel Goodwin, April 8, 1760; No. 3, to
Francis Whitmore and Rev. Mr. Stone; No. 4, to
Wm. Bowdoin ; No. 5, to Jeffries and Plagg ; No. 6,
to Thomas Hancock, in 1760 ; No. 7, to Charles
Apthorp, Jan. 14, 1756 ; No. 8, to James Pitts, May
5, 1756 ; No. 9, to James Bowdoin, Dec. 17, 1760 ;
No. 10, to Wm. Bowdoin ; No. 1 1, to Thomas Han-
cock, Jan. 14, 1756, Lot No. 11 was in the south-
ern part of Gardiner, and was afterwards deeded to
Ebenezer Hancock.
Dr. Gardiner had four lots in the limits of Gard-
inerston, containing from twelve to fifteen thousand
acres ; Lot AB has been mentioned. Lots 23 and
24 were west of it, and he owned a five mile lot
north.
A new plan was adopted in 1760 which, with
ultimate extensions proved successful. Three tiers
of lots were laid out ; in the first tier each lot was a
mile deep and fifty rods wide, and every third lot was
reserved for the proprietors, and marked P. while
the other two were given to actual settlers. The
second tier was reserved by the proprietors, and the
50
Sketch or the kennebec claim.
third bestowed on settlers. This offer of two-thirds
of the best land, and five-ninths of the whole, soon
turned the attention of people to this river, and settle-
ments rapidly extended up the Kennebec, especially
as the facts Avere officially published in America and
Great Britain. This plan with some sli^^ht modifi-
cations was the cause of the rapid growth of the
country, and Winthrop and Halloweli were incorpor-
ated in 1771. And within a few years other towns
grew up, especially on the close of the Revolution,
when the hardy and industrious men who bore the
Mgis of American Liberty began to flock hither.
" *The Company sent agents round at various times,
to ascertain what settlers had complied with the con-
ditions, and to tender grants, upon receiving a small
fee of three dollars and a half. The Company's title
to lands east of the Kennebec and towards the lower
part of the Patent, beitig disputed by other proprie-
tors, and the Company not behig able to warrant in
their corporate capacity, or to sell them without
warranty, Dr. Gardiner undertook the responsibility
for them^ which proved troublesome to himself, and
vexatious to his heirs. The Company conveyed to
him large tracts of land on each side of Sheepscot
river, and he gave two bonds, each in the penal sum
of £20,000 sterling, to sell and account to them for
the proceeds. The Revolutionary War interrupted
the business, and he had no opportunity after its close
to complete it before his decease. The Company
commenced suits on the bonds against his executors,
which after being in Court some years, were submit-
ted to referees, who, after deliberating seven years,
decided that so far from any thing being due from
Dr. Gardiner's estate to the Company, there remained
a balance of more than three thousand, five hundred
* R. H. Gardiner, Esq., Maine Hist. Col. vol. II. p. 2S5.
SKETCH OF THE KENInEBEC CLAIM. 51
dollars due from them to liim, which they decided
should be paid his heirs, and that they should re-
convey to the Company the fragments of lands not
sold, and that the Company should restore to them
certain bonds from settlers taken for portions of these
lands, and which were in their possession. The
Company also agreed to refund to the heirs nearly
two thousand dollars, which they had been obliged
to pa}^ on account of these warranties."
From the Revolution to the year 1796, the pro-
prietors had neglected their property, and large
numbers of squatters had settled on land, in many
instances neglecting to see that they took settlers'
lots, and thus the territory was filled with those who
had no right or title to the land they occupied. And
when the proper owners claimed their possessions,
and sent their agents to collect or survey, they as-
sembled in large bodies, and forcibly resisted. In
1796,* the settlers in Jefferson not only repelled all
owners, but they prevented others from agreeing to
measures not indorsed by themselves, and in 1810,1
Jason Chadwick, a surveyor, was shot in Malta,
while in the discharge of his duties. On^ one occa-
sion a settler vv^as shot for becoming a traitor to the
interests of the rest, in assisting to make surveys.
There AVas even a specious show of legality in
their movements, for they announced the theor}?- that
the Company being a corporation, had no power to
sell except to liquidate debts, and that as they were
not in debt, they could not sell, and that therefore
the settlers had a legal tenure, claiming under the
offers given befv)re the Revolution. This doctrine
was quite general, and the settlers remained. These
transactions filled the country with alarm and con-
fusion. At first, attempts were m:ide by the pro-
AA'i Ilia m son.
t Ibid,
52 SKETCH OF THE KENNEBEC CLAIM.
prietors to obtain acknowledgments of their rights
from the squatters. This was of course refused,
and then recourse was had to the law. The settlers
neglected their farms, in their efforts to resist what
they deemed aggression, and the prosperity of Maine
seemed at a stand. The murderers of Chad wick
were imprisoned in Augusta Jail, and vain attempts
were made to release them by force. At length,
Elijah Brigham, Peleg Coffin and Thomas Dwight
Avere appointed commissioners by the consent of
proprietors and settlers, to present a plan of adjust-
ment, and they divided the latter into three classes :
those who settled before, during, and after the Rev-
olution. The first were to pay least, and the last
most, for their lands. This plan, with some modi-
fications, ultimately settled disturbances, and on the
reception of a township on the Penobscot river,
which was divided among the proprietors to com-
pensate for losses, the excitement ceased ; the rebel-
lious squatters resumed the hoe, and subsequent
litigation has been confined to those points incidental
to all land-ownership. After being in operation for
sixty-five y^ars, the affairs were ended in 1816.
R. H. Gardiner, Esq., in winding up an interest-
ing sketch of the Company, which the Compiler has
laid under contribution, says : — In reviewing
their History, and comparing their efforts to convert
the wilderness into abodes adapted to civilized man,
with those of other Patentees, we must allow that
they displayed much liberality, judgment and effi-
ciency. Even at the period of their greatest supine-
ness, their lands were not more covered by squatters
than others, and the charge of negligence attaches
more to the individual proprietors, than to the cor-
poration itself Previous to the Revolution they had
* Maine Hist. CoL vol II. p. 293, 291.
SKETCH OF THE KENNEBEC CLAIM.
53
di\nded almost all their lands on the west side of
Kennebec ri^er, and all on the east side of the river,
and within five miles of it, which were henceforth
held in severalty. Of these more tl^an a fourth wer«
held by absentees, some of whom never returned to
this country, and all of whom felt too little interest
in their property here, -to trouble themselves about
its management. It was for a long time questioned
whether these absentees had not forfeited their rights
by forsaking their country in its time of greatest
need, nor were their rights established till the form-
ation of Jay's treaty in I 794 ; and after that treaty,
the absent proprietors were in no haste to dispose of
their claims to American citizens. The claim of one
of the proprietors, embracing one twenty-fourth of
the whole Patent, has lain dormant almost to this
time. The first grant to Florentius Vassal, styles
him as of London, and a suit has recently been com-
menced in the Court of the United States, for the
recovery of this very land. Only a very small
fraction of the Patent was owned in Maine, and the
Massachusetts proprietors became after the Revolu-
tion almost as neglectful of their property here, as
those who had left the country ; those who did
appoint agents paralyzed their efi'tjrts by the very
restricted nature of the po\veis they were entrusted
with. Let us Jiot attribute then to the corporation
the evils which principally arcse from individuals,
but remember that but for the exertions of the Com-
pany at a time when single settlers could not have
established themselves here, the planting of .Kerme-
bec must have been delayed* at least the third of a
century ; and it may not be extravagant to say that
if the towns on the Kennebec had not been built,
the interior country would not have been settled, and
the population which now occupies the most impor-
tant portion of the State, would have been scattered
in other regions, and INIaine would scarcely yet have
54 SKETCH OF THE KENNEBEC CLAIM.
acqaired vigor to become independent of the parent
State."
Thus it will be seen, that although many attempts
were made to settle our State^ now so flourishing,
they failed repeatedly, for many years, mainly iti
consequence of the Indian wars ; and that to Dr.
Sylvester Gardiner, with his- great wealth and zeal
and energy, and public spirit, belongs the credit of
finally effecting the settlement of Pittston and Gard-
iner.
This is not the place to record the entire history
of the Purchase, but enough has been stated to show
how the enterprise was carried on to success.
CHAPTER III.
FROM THE SETTLEMENT TO TIIE INCORPORATION.
It has been seen that a futile attempt was made
to settle Maine, at Stage Island, in 1607, thirteen
years before the feet of the Pilgrims were wet by
the December spray of Plymonth. At intervals
others essayed to plant colonies, or commence loca-
tions, on the Kennebec. John Parker, a fisherman,
bought Rasceagan in 1629, and removed thither in
1630.* Nine years later, in 1639, Edward Bateman
and John Brown bought Neguascag,f of Mahotiwor-
met, for one hogshead of corn, and thirty sound
pumpkins, and commenced a settlement there. They
did not remain long, however, for John Cole lived
there in 1657, and James Smith in 1667.
In 1650, Thomas Webber dwelt on the upper end
of Raskeagan, which he and Parker sold to Clark
and Lake, in 1658. Parker then lived on Arrowsic
Island, near Squirrel Point. In 1649, John Richards
lived on Arrowsic or Arrowscag Island. He sold ali
of the Island except Parker's 100 acres, in 1654.
In 1658, a town was laid out on Arrowsic, in ten
acre lots. A fort was erected at Stinson's Point,
near Potter's mills, by a man named Hammond, in
1660. Hammond also ventured to Ticonic falls,
where he had a trading house, as early as 1661.
Bath was bought of Robinhood, by Robert Gutch,
Oct. 27, 1661. Until this time, the settlements had
* Sewair.s Sketch of Batli, Maine Hist. CoL f Ibid,
56
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
Steadily progressed. Iti 1670, there were thirty
families on Arrowsic and Parker's Islands, and twen-
ty families below the chops on the west side of the
river. On the breaking out of Philip's war, the
Indians destroyed or drove them all away. Gen.
Joseph Sewall, to whom we are indebted for those
facts, says : * — " The whole Kennebec country was
deserted by the whites, their forts, houses, and mills
were burnt, their improvements destroyed, and the
territory again left free for the roam of the savage, and
the occupation of his game." It is not known that
more than one penetrated as far north as Pittston,
and established a residence there, as early as the
commencement of King Philip's war.
The first white settler within the limits of ancient
Pittston, of whom we have any record, was Alex-
ander Brown. Previous to the breaking out of the
first, or King Philip's Indian war, Brown came, the
pioneer of all, and occupied the northern frontier.
He must have begun about the year 1670. He
settled on tFie intervale, extending from Geo. W.
Bedell's to Jordan Stanford's, then and for a long
time after, known by the aboriginal name of Ker-
doormeorp, but subsequently called " Brown's Farm."
He worked several years there, cleared up a fine spot
for tillage, and was probably engaged in procuring
sturgeon for the London market. Philip's war broke
out in 1675, but Brown would not desert his post.
In 1676,f he was murdered, by the Indians, his house
was burned, and the entire white population below
him was swept away. The place was abandoned,
and we know not that it was occupied permanently,
for eighty-four years. We find it impossible to avoid
speculating on the consequences which would have
* Maine Hist. Coll. vol. 2. p. 193.
t History of Kennebec rur:^luv;3e.
SETTLEMENT AND liSTCORPORATION.
57
resulted to this region, had the red flame of war not
. been kindled. Brown would have been followed by-
others, the Kennebec would have been populated
nearly a century sooner, and the Pine Tree State
would to-day be much larger than it is.
Still, attempts were constantly being made to settle
the country, and they seemed destined to succeed
when Noyes built his fort in 1716, but it was swept
away by the Indians in 1726, as was the " fishing
place," previously spoken of, as being a little above
Nahumkeag Island. Who built or occupied thjs
latter place is not known," but it is probable that those
engaged in fishing found Brown's clearance, and
placed a fishing house on his old foundation. It was
not until about the beginning of the latter half of
the eighteenth century that the line of civilization
began to creep slowly uorthward.
Capt. John North, assisted by Abram Wyman, in
the year 1751, laid out the land in lots one mile
wide on the river, and extending west five miles.
They commenced at Richmond fort, and continued
as far as Nahumkeag Island.* Wyman and others,
cut mill-logs north of the first pond as early as
1763-4.
\ On an old mapf dated 1754, the Kennebec is thus
marked : Commencing at Watervilie is printed " Ta-
connett Falls," and opposite is the Sebastoocook."
On the stream are these words : " Fort Halifax,
built by the Government of the Massachusetts,
1754." A little lower down on the eastern side
of the river is a stream called Majorgomogusuck,
on which is printed, " The proprietors granted this
tract upon no other condition than settling sixty
families thereon." Cushnoc is spelt Cushanna, and
it is recorded that the region was given on con-
* MSS. of Dr. Sylvester Gardiner, in posf3ession of R.^H. Gard-
iner, Esq. t F ?und in the State Houses at Boston and Augusta.
58
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPOllATION.
ditioii of settling an hundred families in three years.
This did not include Fort Western, but oiily as
far south as the stream in Augusta. " Fort Western
built By the Plymouth Company, 1754," is recorded
below the stream, and it was given as was the next
tract above. Just opposite and extending down to
the Cabbassa is another lot deh'neated, with the same
terms of settlement affixed. About opposite, a little
below, is a stream called " Warromantogus," and
a little below another, called Negwamkick falls."
Winthrop pond is drawn with twenty-one large
islands. Opposite Swan Is*land on the east side is
" Franckfort Fort, Built by the Plymouth" Com-
pany," and " Eastern River," which is declared to
contain sixty-four people.
Fort Western was 30 feet from the river, and was
built by Messrs. Thos. Hancock, Sylvester Gardiner,
Jam.es Bowdoin, William Bowdoin and Benjamin
Hallowell, committee for the proprietors, and .Avas
built by them because the State agreed to erect Fort
Halifax, for an outpost of defence.
A few people were at Eastern river, (Dresden,)
and a small population besides the garrisons around
Cushanna, Franckfort and Taconnet.
At the time the forts were erected, the country
presented an aspect of unbroken wilderness, from
Swan Island to the Canadas.
At this time Dr. Gardiner began to lay those
plans, which,, fostered by his zeal, resulted in the
settlement of the region of ancient Pittston. In
1754 the land comprising a part of Garduier was
granted to him. He was quite instrumental in other
settlements, but it was not until about 1759 that he
fairly embarked in his work, resolved to succeed.
In that year he received a lot on Sheepscot River.
* Wiscassct Ivceords.
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPOllATION.
59
III 1761 he received 3200 acres below the chops in
Merry-meeting Bay, if he would settle a family there
in one year, unless prevented by the Indians, and
abont the same time, he obtained other land in what
is now Pitlston."^
December 10, 1760, he received one of the " mile
lots." It commenced twenty rods north of the Cob-
bossee, and run west five miles, north one mile, east-
south-east five miles, to the Kennebec, and down
the Kennebec to the first bound, being a lot con-
taining abont 3200 acres. It Avas a condition of this
bargain that a family should be settled in one year,
unless an Indian war prevented, and that if any
improvements had been made by settlers or others
in the territory they Avere reserved. So well were
his services received by the Company, that, Feb. 8,
1764, the lot north of the Cabbassa-contee Avas deed-
ed to him, for f' i^is great Trouble and Expense, in
bringing forward settlements." The bounds were
more definitely stated as commencing 20 poles north .
of Cobbossee, thence west-nortli-west until they strike
the stream, thence south down the stream to the
first Cobbossee pond, along the north end of the pond
to the stream, and thence north-east to the Kennebec,
and thence to the first bound, twenty poles north of
the mouth of the stream. This lot was surveyed by
John McKechnie in November, 1762. Dr. Gardiner
had previously received a tract north of this, and
joining it. J ^
March 14, 1764, he received the south-wes| half
of the 3200 acre lot, on the eastern side %f the
Kennebec, and Nov. 13, 1769, he received a lot
from " Cobbossee great pond to the 10 mile lot,"
being most of the Gardmer Territory.
* Wiscasset Records. t Ibid.
t Plymouth Company Records. § Ibid.
CO settlemb:nt and incorporation.
July 4, 1770, he received 2500 acres, extending
from thft Kennebec to Winthrop Pond, for which
he paid £416, 13, 4. He continued to receive
other lots until he possessed a large portion of Gardi-
ner and Pittston, and much of the territory in other
parts of old Kennebec. Cobbossee Tract extended
from the neighborhood of Jordan Stanford's to the
vicinity of the mouth of the stream. There has
been a good deal of litigation concerning the north-
ern boundary of this lot, the stream having, like the
Mississippi, more than one mouth.*
Those who wished settlers' lots made application
to the Company or to some one of the proprietors
with a petition like the subjoined : —
" To the Proprietors of the Kennebec Purcliase from the late Colony
of New-Plymouth.
*' Gentlemen : — I the Subscriber of in
the County of , being desirous of settling within your Pur-
chase, pray you would make a Grant to me and my Heirs of the
Lot numbered containing Acres, situated in~
within your said Purchase. And I hereby engage for myself and
Heirs that the Conditions of the said Grant shall be performed,
viz : — That a Dwelling-House shall be built on the said Lot not
less than feet square, that Acres of said Lot shall
be cleared and made fit for Tillage within Years, from the
Date of the Grant, and that I will dwell thereon pei'sonally during
said years, if living, or in case of my Death, that my Heirs,
or some Person under them, shall dwell on said Premises during
said Term^|and for the term of Seven Years more, by myself or
Substitute ; and as soon as said Grant shall be made out and ready
to be delivered to me, I hereby promise to pay your Clerk for the
Time being, shillings Lawful Money for his fee, and
shillings Lawful Money towards defreying your Expenses for Sur-
veying; and you'll oblige your Petitioner. Dated tliis Day
of -—17 ."t
So desirous were the proprietors of procuring
settlers, that a petition like the foregoing, usually
secured a good farm, if near a mill-privilege, of
five or ten acres, or, if further away, of one, two, or
more hundred acres. The conditions varied from
* Plymouth Company Records, f Printed form of blank .
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
61
fi^/e to ten shillings, and from three to ten years
residence.
Soon after Dr. Gardiner commenced the labor of
peopling this region, the settlement grew rapidly.
He had drawn the attention of the public to his zeal
and plans, and several enterprising men from differ-
ent places consulted him in Boston. Those who
pleased him most he elfeeted an arrangement with,
in the summer of 1760, and they made their prepar-
ations to settle in what is now Gardiner. They
gathered their families and effects, and proceeded to
their rendezvous, which was Falmouth.*
These persons, the first settiers of the territory
that is now Gardiner, West Gardiner and Pittston,
set sail from Falmouth in the fall of the year 1760,
and proceeded to what was then called, Dr. Gardi-
ner's estates at Cobbiseconte, or Gardinerstown.
They were a Mr. Thomes, who was a builder of
Grist-mills ; Benjamin Fitch, a saw-mill wright ;
Jacob Loud, a house carpenter ; James Winslow,
a wheelwright ; and Ezra Davis, James and Henry
McCausland, and William PniLBROOK.f They ar-
rived in safety, with the families of Winslow, Davis,
Philbrook, and the McCauslands, and run their ves-
sel into a wide ereek, formed by the mouth of the
stream, which was then navigable to the sites now
occupied by the saw-mills, and there, on the northern
bank of the stream, the craft lay all winter. / James
Winslow's wife, took her little daughter Sarah, then
six years old, by the hand and went ashor^} and
they are the first two white females known to^have
set foot within the limits of Gardiner or PittstoiLj
They immediately threw up some log huts, and
passed the winter in making preparations for the
* Abiathar Tibbetts. Mrs. Jon. Wmslow.
t Mrs. Jon. Winslow, Mrs. Amos Lyon, John Plaisted. | Ibid.
6
62
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
coming summer. The McOatislands and Winslows
occupied the same cottage, and on the 23d of
March, 1761, Jonathan Winslow was bom, the first
white child native in ancient Pittston. The house
stood exactly where now is the Widow Esmond's
store.*
On the 27th of March, wishing to make an addi--
tion to the cottage of Winslow, they were able to
haul the logs on the crust, so cold and backward
was the spring of that year.f
When the season opened they erected a grist-mill
at the end of the lower dam, and the old sills were
found in a state of preservation when the last dam
was built. The same workmen commenced build-
ing a large mansion long known as the Great House.
It was erected by Dr. Gardiner for an inn and stood
where are now the Gardiner Hotel and Allen's
block.| It was afterwards kept by James Stack-
pole, Benjamin Shaw, Pray, Bow-
man, Randall, Widow Longfellow, etc., and
in 1815 it was taken by E. McLellan, who kept
it until 1827, when he removed to the Cobbossee
House. The Great House was occupied by stores
and private families after this until it was taker
down.«^ The upper story was used for a place of
public worship when the Episcopal church was
burned by McCausland. ||
The .pobbossee Grist-mill was known for several
years among the northern settlers, and was resorted
to from a great distance by them, even from Nor-
ridgewock and Canaan, until the mill was finished
at Sebasticook, and caused settlers to increase rapid-
ly in this neighborhood.
* Mrs. Jon. Winslow, Mrs. Amos Lyon, John Plaisted.
t Mrs. Lyon. J John Plaisted. § E. McLellan, II. Gay,
II R. Gay,
SETTLEMENT AND INCOBPOHATION, 63
Of the foregoing settlers the following facts are
^inown. Fitch took charge of the erection of the
nill, built the Togus dam and mill, and worked at
'lis trade all through the country. Aug. 3, 1768,
he received a grant of five acres of land, which he
sold to Wm. Gardiner, May 14, 1770, receiving £7
for his improvements. On the breaking out of the
Revolution, he enlisted in the English Service, and
was killed fighting for the king. He married Ann
McCausland* and has no descendants here.
Loud came from Weymouth with no design of
settling. He was master carpenter on the Great
House and Mill, and went back when they were
finished. Some thirty years after, he returned and
settled in Pittston.f
■ Thomes was a single man, who went back to
Falmouth, and married Huston. He never
returned.
James Winslow and his brothers, who lived in
Portland, received a large tract of land from their
father at Broad Bay, and removed there in 1752.
His daughter Sarah was born there in 1754. They
designed to remain, but the Indian troubles forced
them back to Portland. From that place Jarnes
came to Cabbassa-contee, and brought his wife and
three clildren. He worked on the mill until it was
done and then obtained a fine spot of land which
had been cleared by the Indians, 90 acres of which
Dr. Gardiner conveyed to him as partial pay for his
services. This land was the north-western lot in the
present town of Pittston, and now includes the farms
of Messrs. Amos Lyon and Leavitt. The
family removed to that place in 1763, and the deed
is dated July 26, 1764, and was signed by Sylvester
Gardiner, in presence of William Gardiner and Jno.
* Mrs. Marston, IMrs. Lyon, Abiathar Tibbetts. t Ibid.
64
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
McKechiiie, at Cobbisseecoiite, before William Lith-
gow.*
Winslow went to Damariscotta and assisted on the
mill at that place. While he v/as gone his wife and
daughter raised their own crops. They took a bat-
teau, and crossed the river repeatedly, and went to
the Great House, where they obtained manure, with •
which they dressed their land for corn, and with their
own hands they harvested forty bushels in the fall.f
James Winslow had been a drummer in a fort at
Portland, while a young man, but he became a con-
vert to the principles of the Society of Friends^ and
as such, abhorred war and all its preparations. Yet
it was found necessary to erect a blockhouse imme-
diately, for defence against the Indians. This was
done in 1763. It was a substantial, bullet-proof fort.
It stood on the side of the hill, near the site of the
Uaiiversalist church. J In the autumn of 1 765 there
was an Indian alarm. § Several of the settlers heard
mysterious sounds in the night, as of footsteps, and
the dogs were clamorous, and one was heard to cry
out as if struck. The settlers became very much
alarmed, and lied to the blockhouse. The Wins-
lows, who then lived where Amos Lyon now dwells,
fled across the river, and a Bullen family from Hallo-
well, and others of the settlers, with them, until the
settlement was entirely deserted, and thirty or forty
families were congregated in the humble fort. Jona-
than Winslow was then four years old. A little dark
cloak was thrown aroimd him, to make him the
color of the ground, and he trotted along in the
procession to the place of safety. They remained
here several days. The next day all went out to-
gether well armed^ and harvested Winslow's. crops.
* Wiscasset Records. f John Plai&ted.
X IVIrs. Elizabeth. I.you. § IbkL
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
65
and thus they worked, with their arms, and in com-
pany, until the crops were all gathered. The alarm
seemed to ffe false, and gradually the settlers resum-
ed their homes again.*
Mrs. James Winslowf was a very energetic woman,
and was much relied on in cases of sickness. For
many years she was almost the only midwife from
Augusta to Bath, and doubtless was present at the
birth of many hundreds of children. " Granny
Winslow," was the only physicari in whom the
early settlers believed.
GENEALOGY OF THE WINSLOW FAMILY.
[In the Genealogical sketches scattered through these pages, b.
signities born; unin. unmarried; m. married; d. died. The dates
and facts are recorded as far as they could be ascertamed. If some
family accounts are more nearly complete chan others, it is because
the}- are recorded in the Town books, or because the descendants
have taken an interest in the matter. The author would have
been glad to have recorded all the dates in all of the families of the
early settlers.]
JAMES WINSLOW, + b. in R. 1. 1724, m. Anna Huston, she
b- 1731, he d- in Farmington, 1802, she d. 1824, Children, 2,
who were inikuts when he came, and who soon died of the rash.
L Sarah, b. Broad Bay, 1754, m. Ebenezer Church, who was
b. 1742, and d- July, 1810. Children, 1, Charity, b. Aug.7, 1770,
m- Ichabod Plaistedl (see Plaisted.) 2, Jona. b. 1772-3, m. Charity
Daniels; is in Canada. 3, William, b. 1775, m. Sarah Daniels
and Elizabeth Daniels, moved to Ohio, and d. 1817. 4, Abigail,
b, 1777, m. Nehemiah LittleSeld, and moved to Ohio. 5, James,
b. 1780, m. Hannah Trufant, and Abiah Brooks; lost at sea, and
ha.s descendants in Bath. 6, Anna, b. 1782, m. Paul Felker, and
lives in Searsport. 7, John, b. 1784, m. Esther Richardson, and
live.5 in Levant. 8 and 9, Silas and Sarah, b. June, 1786, he m.
Sophia Bliint 8.iid Susan Bradford; Sarah m. Ebenezer Rollins of
Hallowell. 10, Mary, b, 1788, m. Amos Morrill, and moved to
Ohio- 11, Jacob, b. 1790, m. Lydia Thompson and moved to
Georgia- 12, Stephen, b. 1792, m. Abigail Sandborn and d. in
Ohio. 13, George, b, 1794, m. Betsey Piper.
II. Jo:j-atha^, b- March 23, 1761, (the first white child born
* Mrs. Jonathan Winslow, Mrs. Elizabeth Lyon,
t John Plaisted.
X Mrs. Jon. Winslow, Mrs. Amos Lyon, Silas Church, Jno.
Plaisted, Geo. Church.
6*
65
SETTLEMENT ANB IN CORP OR ATI OrT.
in rittston,) m. Hannah Tarbox, 17S9, who Avas b. 1764, no-vT
living, ; he d, Nov. 18^ 1815, Onexhild, Elizabeth, b. 171)0, m,
Amos Lyon* •
III. CarpeN'i'Kr, h. 1764, ra. Betsey Colbvgm, and moved to
Pennsylvania. Chil. 1, Charles. 2, Sreorge. 3, Carpenter. 4,
David. 5, Reuben. 6, Caleb. 7, Joseph, and two others. George
now lives in Maiden, Mass.
lY. JoHN^ b, 1766, m. Sarah Baker and moved to New
Sharon,
y. Betsey,* b. 1768, m. Rev. John Thompson. lie was rep-
resentative to Boston from Industry, and was- in the State Senate
in its first session in Portland. He d. 1820, and left ehildren.
VI. Anna., b. 1770, m. Eleazar Crowell, and moved to Ohio,
YII. George, b. 1772, drowned while' skating on the Kenne-'
bee in 1788.
VIII. James, b. 1774, m, Betsey "Willard^ d, in ladustyy iia
1843,
Fo u r th Generation,
Children of Elizabeth and Amos Lyon. 1, George, b, 1807,
2, Hannah, b. 1809, m. Luther Gordon. 3, Mary, b, 1812, d. 1834.
4, William, b. 1815, m, Elizabeth Lowell, h, James b. 1817, ni,
Hester A. Nichoi.*. 6, Eliz.abe1;h, b. 1819, m. John Jones,
Children of Silas Chuiigh. 1. George P. b. 1814, m, Eliza-
beth Turner, of Kingston, Jamaica, 2, Clementine A, b. 1817, d,
1834. 3, Men-edith, b. 1820, unm. 4, Sarah A. b. 1822, unm. 5,
Andrew, b. 1828, d. 1833. 6, Clementine Lucinda, b, 1837.
Children of George Church. 1, Stephen, b. August 30, 1818,
m. Mary Baker. 2, Cyrus, b. Jime 30, 1820, m. Hannah Plaisted.
3, George, b. May 3, 1822, m. Elizabeth Sprague. 4, Lncv Ann b.
Eeb. 18, 1824, d. Oct. 15, 1825. 5, Mary Elizabeth, b. Feb. 10,
1826, m. Horace Bemis. 6, Sarah, b. xMarch 12, 1828. 7, Lucy, b.
March 26, 1830. 8, Charity, b. Jan. 9, 1833, 10, Ebenezer, b. July
2, 1835. 11, Maiy Arm, b. June 19, 1839, d. Peb. 4, 1847.
F if th Generation,
Children of Luther Gordon. 1, Isabella, d. 2, Agnes, ra.
Actor Thompson. 3, George. 4, Mary. 5, Susan. 6, Winslow. 7,
Emily, 8, Vesta. 9, Charlotte.
Children of "William Lyon, 1, Susanna. 2, George. 3, Augus-
ta. 4, Helen, 5, Elizabeth.
Children of James Lyon. 1, Otis, d, 2, William Henry. 3,
Faustina. 4, Eulalia, d.
Children of John Jones. 1, Helen,
* Betsey Winslow, who m. Rev. J. Thompson, gave Industry
its name. When the town Avas about being incorporated, Mr,
Thompson said to his wife as he was leaving home, " What shall
we call the new town r" Name it for the character of the people,"
was the reply, " Call it Industry." He proposed the name, and it
was accepted.
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION,
67
So plenty was game at this time, that it Avas not
at all difficult for the poorest family to obtain anima!
food enough. The woods were full of game, large
and small, and the rivers teemed with alewives,
shad, and the delicious salmon. Jonathan Winslow
used to relate that he captured sixteen noble salmon ;
one Sunday morning before breakfast.*
Ezra Davis,t made only a temporary halt at Cab-
hassa, while at work on the Great House, but he
removed to the Eastern River or Dresden, the same
season, 1761. Here he was very unfortunate.
The French had taught the Indians to murder Eng-
lishmen wherever they could find them, and one
day, probably about 1762, Davis heard his little boy
Thaddeus, aged eight years, scream. Soon the
terrible warwhoop came thrilling their hearts, and
they knew that the Indians were upon them. He
closed his doors as well as be could, and* fortified
his house. Before this was done the Indians fired
and killed his mother-in-law, Mrs. Fomeroy, who
was in bed, sick. Seven then rushed to the door^
and endeavored to beat it down with their toma-
hawks, but he fought so well that they retreated,
carrying Thaddeus with them, who was never seen
nor heard from afterwards.
His son Ezra removed to the "Brown farm.'^
He also lived in Pittston. In the following table are
some of their descendants.
EZRA DATIS,^ m, Pomeroy, and had several children,
1, POLLY, m. Thorn. Berry.
2, EZRA, Jr. m. Abigail ; ehil.
I. Henry, b. Aug. 9, 1778.
IL JoHx Smith, b. Dec. 8, 1781.
UI. Phoda, b. Ang. 20, 1790 ; m. Benjamin Liman, 1811.
lY. Enoch, b. April 11, 1794. He was killed accidentally
at a shooting match.
* Mrs. Jon. Winslow, Mrs. Amos Lyon.
t Abiathar Tibbetts. X Town Records,
68 SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION^
V. Sarah, b. March, 27, 1796.
VI. Levi, b. Oct. 7, 1798.
VII. HaNxXAH Matilda, b. Oct. 10, 1805.
The following years, 1761 and 1762, were very-
dry. Almost all vegetation was burned up, and the
woods in all directions were on fire. There was no
rain from June to the last of August. The winter
of the latter year was very cold, and the snow was
very deep.
Samuel Berry* of Bath, and James McCausland,
cut timber on the shore of Cabbassa first pond, and
hay at Brown's farm as early as 1761, under Dr.
Gardiner. McCausland leased some fresh meadow
of Dr. Gardiner in 1760.
William Philbrook received lots No. 3, and 33,t
containing eighteen acres. The deed was dated
Dec. 1, 1765.J He owned 250 acres on the Cat-
hance wj:iich he conveyed to his son Jonathan Phil-
brook in 1768. He was drowned in the Penobscot.
His lot was situated adjoining the land of Daniel
Tibbetts, and David Philbrook. His wife's name
was Mary.<§»
David Philbrook, jj a son of William, received lot
No. 34, which he recoriveyed to Dr. Gardiner, Oct.
23, 1772, for £5. He married Hannah Crosby.
Jonathan,1[ another son, came from Cathance
after a few years.
Henry McCausland and James McCausland were
from Ireland, and had been several years in America.
They were brothers, and received two settlers' lots,
comprising a part of the present village in Gardiner,
and extending from the river back of the residences
of Messrs. Evans, Kimball, etc.** James McCausland
* Dr. Gardiner's MSS.
t These numbers are from McKechnie's plan, dated 1763.
X Wiscasset Records. § Ibid. jj Ibid.
1i Abiathar Tibbetts. ** Mrs. Lyon.
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
G9
was drowned quite early, and those who bear the
name now are mostly descendants of Henry.*
June 13, 1764, Henry McCausland received two
lots on the eastern side of the river, containing 250
acres. This he sold to Benjamin Fitch, July 9,
1765.f He procured other land, and his descendants
are numerous in this vicinity.
It is saidj that the McCauslands originally receiv-
ed the soil occupied by the centre of the village, but
that Dr. Gardiner^ who foresaw what the place would
probably become, persuaded them to remove across
the stream, where they lived for many years, on a
larger, though less valuable tract than they at first
owned.
HENRY McCAI'SLAND, b. Ireland, m. Elizabeth Wjonan. ChiL
I. Robert, iru Town, 2d wife, Sally Door, and settled
in Winslow.
II. AxN, m. Benjamin Htch, and lived near the northern
shore of the stream several years.
TIT. Catharine, m. David Philbrook.
TV. Saixy, m. Ithiel Gordon.
T. Jane, m. Sylvester.
VI. Gardixer, m, Polly Dotigia&s-.
VII. Polly.
Yin. Hexry, m. Abiel Stackpole, 1783. Children, 1, Jno. b,
Nov. 19, 1784, m. Jane Connor. 2d wife, Dill. 2, Hannah, b.
Feb, 3, 1789, m. Benj. Marston. 3, Henry, b. Dec. 31, 1789, d. at
sea, tmm. 4, James, b. April 22, 1791, m. Rebecca . 5, Andrew,
b. June 13, 1793, m. Mary Bates.
IX. An-drew, m. Keziah Berry. Chil. I, TsTathaniel, d. nnm. 2,
Lydia, d. unm. 3, Mary. m. Jno. Murray. 4, Montgomery, m.
Hannah Woodbury, and Sarah Colcord. 5, Alexander, m. Sarah
Xash. 6, Benjamin, m. Temperance Glidden. 7, John, m. Deliver-
ance Nash. 8, Tiistam, m. Deborah Nash. Andrew and Mai-tha
died young.
Fourth Genieration.
Children of James and Rebecca. 1 and 2, Emeliae and Robert*
L. b. April 8, 1809. 3, Adaline, b. March 16, 1811. 4. Sarah, b.
Aug. 28, 1813.
Children of Axdreav and Mary. 1, "VYillam Heniy, b, Dec. 27,
* Mrs. Hannah Mai-ston.
X Abiathar Tibbetts.
t Wiscasset Records,
70
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
1816. 2, Andrew B. b, Nov. 16, 1818. 3, Charles Wesley, b. Nov.
25, 1820. 4, Hester Ann, b. Sept. 25, 1823. 5. Marv Bates, b. May
9, 1825. 6, Sally Stetson, b. Jan. 23, 1827. 7, Cat'harine Bates, b.
April 27, 1829.
James McCausland had a son James, b. 1750, m. Mary Berry,
d. March 11, 1826. Chil. 1, Mary, m. David Clarke and John
Johnson. 2, Olive, m. Ephraim Goodwin. 3, Jeremiah, m. Olive
Cram. 4, Charles, m. Sarah Lord. 5, Sarah, m. Ezekiel Robin-
son. 6, Thomas, m. Rhoda Brand, Thomas and Mercy died un-
married.
The relative prices at that day were different from
those at the present time. Land was sold for a mere
song, but paper was 8 cents a sheet ; boards $5 a
thousand; corn $5 a bushel; shoes $15 a pair;
butter ^IjSS cents a pound, and other articles in pro-
portion.
The most of these early settlers were men of in-
dustry and integrity, but the great evil of social life
in New England was fastened upon them, and de-
scended in a great degree to their posterity. When
corn was scarce, and provisions expensive, it was
always found necessary to have rum in the house at
any price, and this fact explains many a sudden
death, and the passing away of many a farm and
house< Intemperance was the baneful curse of the
first settlers of Kennebec.
The following year, 1761, four brothers and their
four sisters removed from Dunstable to the eastern
side of the river and settled in what is now some-
times called Coburntown. Their names were Jere-
miah, Reuben, Oliver, Benjamin, Lucy, Sarah
Elizabeth, Hannah and Rachel Colburn. Lucy
m. Dr. Zachariah Flitner ; Sarah Elizabeth m. Maj.
Henry Smith ; Hannah m. Josiah French of Win-
throp, and Rachel m. Thomas Jackson. Jeremiah
soon removed to Orono, and his daughters were the
first white Americans who inhabited that place.
November 9, 1763, Reuben Colburn* received 250
* Wiscasset Records.
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION. 7L
acres on the eastern side of the river. The condi-
tions specified were substantially the same as those
attached to the other settlers' lots. He was required
to build a house 20 feet square, and 7 feet stud ;
was to redu3e 3 acres to tillage in 3 years ; he or
his heirs were to occupy the land 10 years, and
work two days each year on the ministerial lot.
January 1, 1773, he bought a lot five miles by one
half a mile, of James Bowdoin, excepting one lot
of 100 acres, granted to John Shanny. Maj. Colburn
built some of the first vessels on the Kermebec, and
took an active part in the Revolution. See Indian
Sketch. His location was near Agry's point.
Jeremiah Colburn* had 800 acres on the Eastern
river at one time.
REUBEN COLBURN,! m. Elizabeth Lewis. Children,
I. Elizabeth, b. May 29, 1767 or 8, m. Carpenter "VVins-
low. (See Winslow.)
n. Reubex, b. Aug. 27, 1770 ; d. June 19, 1795.
ni. David, b. March 28,1773; m. Hannah Avery. Children,
1, Reuben, m. Lydia Smith. 2, John, d. unm. 3, Mary Ann, m.
Moses Jewett. 4, Abiah, m. Amos Cutts. 5, Hannah, m. ^eth
Hathome of Richmond, d. 6, David, d. 7, Gustavus, unra. 8,
Elizabeth, m. David Lawrence, he d.
IV. Abigail, b. Feb. 27, 1775 ; m. John Smith. (See Smith.)
V. Abiah, b. March 15, 1777 ; m. Caleb Smyth, 1796, both d.
Children, 6. 1. William, is professor in Bowdoin College. 2, Mary,
m. Stephen Young, d. 3, EUza, m. in the west. 4, Charles m. and
now lives in Roxbury. 5, Margaret, m. John Kendall. 6, Lydia.
VI. Ebenezer, h, Oct. 25, 1779, d.
Vn. Sarah, b. May 8, 1782, m. David Young. Children, 7.
Vin. Olive, b. Nov. 20, 1784, m. John Colbuin, 1817. (See
Ohver Colburn.)
IX. Martha, b. July 12, 1787, m. Isaac Noyes. Children, 4,
lives in Hallowell.
X. Lydia, b. Aug. 13, 1791, m. Noah Loud. She d. in Au-
gusta Hospital; he d. One son, Warren, is now in California, ra.
Harriet Bailey of N. H.
OLIVER, b. 1744, m. Margaret Burns, she b. 1743, he d. Jan.
10, 1788; she d. Sept. 19, 1812. Children:
* Abiathar Tibbetts. Wiscasset Records.
t Town Rec. Thomas Jackson. Widow Colburn.
72
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
I. Haciirl, m, Wm. Hatch, of Berwick. 4 children.
II. II\Nx\AH, m. Joseph Rollins of N. H., 6 chil. She lives
hi East Pittston.
III. Rebecca, m. Hobert Murray of New Castle. 5 children.
IV. Oliver, b. March 20, 1774, m. Hannah Smith, she b. Oct.
26, 1782, he d. Jan. 1835. Chil. 1, Lavinia, b. Aug. 8, 1802. d.
1822. 2. H. Octavia, b. 1805, m. Joseph FoUansbec. 3, Sarah E.
b. Sept. 25, 1807. 4, Emeline, b. Jan. 1810, d. 1811. 5, Emeline, b.
Sept. 28, 1812, m. Wm. P. Basford. 6, Oliver,* m. Selecta Rollins.
7, Cordelia. 8, Abbott.* 9, Joseph H. m. Margaret Soper. 10,
Samuel S. 11, Henry.
V. Sarah, m. Thomas Cutts, of Industry. 8 children.
VI. Mary, m. Aaron Young of Bangor. 8 children.
VII. John, m. Olive Smith. Chil. 1, John m. Susan Spring-
er. 2, Franklin m, Sarah R. Smith. 3, Olive, m. James Cutts.
4, Hiram, m. Clementina Smith. 5, Charles m. . 6, Alfred
m. Southwick. 7, Maria m. Carlton Houdlette. 8, George, unm.
VIII. William, b. 1785, m. Martha Blanchard 1808, live in
Richmond. Children, 1, Martha, b. 1809, m. Elisha Stover of
Harpswell. 2, Margaret, b. 1811, m. George Prentis, 2d husb. Wm.
Bampton, of Hingham, Mass. 3, Oliver, b. 1813, m. Mary Jane
Call. 4, Ardria, b. 1815, m. Joseph Fowler of Pittston, 2d husb.
Charles Swett of Richmond. 5, Wm. d. at sea. b. 1818. 6, Silas, b.
1821, m. Harriet A. Gaubeart. 7, Lavinia, b, 1823, m. Hiram G.
Call. 8, Lydia, b. 1826, m. Sylvester. 9, Charles, b. 1829,
m. Charlotte Holbrooke of Richmond. 10, Joseph, b. 1832. •
BENJAMIN COLBURN, m. Joanna Tibbetts ; 2d wife, — ;
he d. April 18, 1814. Children :
I. Jeremiah, d. unm.
II. Reukkx, d, imm.
HI. Deborah, m. Nath'l Bailey. (See Bailey.)
IV. Hannah, m. Stephen Mason, large family.
V. Fanny, m. Reed, and settled in Bangor, had chil.
VI. Harriet, m. Carlton Blair, children.
VII. Betsey, m. Caleb Wilson ; d.
VIII. Catharine, m. Wilson. 2d hus. Samuel Scarls.
IX. Ruby, m. ; d.
X. Sally, m. Marsh of Orono.
XL Joseph, m. Mary Eldridge.
XII. Benjamin, m. Brown, d. May 1, 1814.
XIII. George, m. Crowell ; 2d wife, Ham, of Bath.
Nathaniel Baileyf came in the year 1762 and
received 200 acres in the " 3200 acre lot," on the
eastern side of the river in Jane, 1763, of the Ken-
* Lost at sea, Feb. 22, 1844.
t Town Records, Capt. Joshua D. Warren, Capt. Pavid Bailey.
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
73
nebec Proprietors. It was in the south-western part
of the town.
NATHANIEL BAILEY,* b. 1743 ; m. Sarah Goodwin ; d. April
21, 1832; she d. Dec. 1830. Children,
I. Elizabeth, b. January 3, 1770; d. July 30, 1790.
II. Nathaniel, b. Oct. 7, 1771; m. Deborah Colburn, 1795 ;
she d. March, 185^1. Children, 1, Samuel G., b. March 29, 1796;
m. Eliza Thomas. 2, Betsey, b. January 3, 1798; m. "William
Bro-«-n. 3, Clementine, b. Feb. 9, 1800 ; m. Gideon Barker. 4,
Nathaniel, b. March 23, 1802 ; m. Mary A. Stearns. 5, Benja-
min,t b. April 12, 1804 ; m. Eliza Jackson; d. May 10, 1829. 6,
Lydia W., b. Oct. 31, 1806; m. Abner Jackson.f 7, James Y.,t
b. Jan. 18, 1809 ; m. Eliza (Jackson) Bailey. 8, Joseph,t b. July
28, 1811 ; m. Louisa Alexander.
in. DATiD,t b. Dec. 3, 1773 ; m. Mary Smith, 1796. Chil-
di-en, 1, James,t b. Oct. 3, 1797 ; m. Mary Smith. 2, Sarah, b.
Aug. 1, 1799 ; ni. Henry Mellus.f 3, Pamela, b. Aug. 31, 1800 ;
m. Henry Dearborn. 4, Marv, b. January 6, 1803 ; m. Eliphalet
Pvollins.f 0, David,j b. April 30, 1805 ; d. October 7, 1851. 6,
Hannah, m. Joshua D. "Warren. f 7'Henry,t ra. Mary J. Watson.
8, Caroline, m. Albert Marwick.f 9, Wilham, m. Mary A. Good-
rich.
lY. Samuel G.,t b. June 25, 1775; d. 1826-7 ; m. widow
Sarah Mason ; settled in New York.
Y. Thomas, b. May 2, 1777 ; d. July 26, 1800.
YI. Abigail G., b. June 27, 1779 ; m. James Smith, 1799.
TU. Sarah, b. Oct. 22, 1781; m. Nathaniel Hall, 1803; he
was a school teacher, she m. a Johnson and now lives in Dresden.
YIII. Jacob, b. May 31, 1783; m. Eliza Barker, 1810. Chil.,
1, Lydia, unm. 2, Jane, unm. 3, Thomas, d. 4, Charles, unm.
5, Alethea, m. Myers, of Bath. 6, George.
IX. Mary, b. March 23, 1786 ; m. Stephen Twycross,t of
Dresden. Chil. 1, Mary, m. Goodwin. 2, Stephen, unm.
3, Sarah, unm. 4, Martha, ujim. 5, Thomas, m.
X. Ltdia H., b. Feb. 27, 1788 ; d. 1834 ; m. Benjamin Web-
ber, 1805. Chil., 1, Pamela, m. Jackson. 2, Lavina, unm.
3, Benjamin, m.
In 1762, came Solomon Tibbetts,^ who was born
in Lebanon, N. H. AvaiUng himself of the offer
made by Dr. Gardiner, he removed to Gardinerston
in 1762. with nine children. His wife's maiden
* Town Records. Capt. Joshua D. Warren. Capt. David Bailey,
t Masters of Yessels.
X d. at San Juan, a very distinguished sea captain.
] Abiathar Tibbetts.
7
74 SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
name was Elizabeth Spearing. Edward and Abia.
thar were born after their arrival here ; the latter in
1767. He is still living in Litchfield at the advanc-
ed age of ,84 years, and is in the full possession of
his faculties. The compiler of these pages was
under many obligations to him for facts anecdotes
and dates connected with the early history of the town.
The family settled on two lots, Nos. 36, and 6, con-
taining 18 acres, on the Plaisted Hill. The deed
was dated September 18, 1766. This was sold to
Henry Smith. This land joined Benaiah Door's and
Paul Kenny's. He removed to the shore of the
Cabbassa pond in Litchfield, in 1774. Abiathar
was born on PlaistedHill, and was one of the first
children born in this town.
Daniel Tibbetts* received lots 2 and 32, Sept. 19,
1766, but he removed to the pond when the family
went. James afterwards received one hundred acres
there. This land was leased in 1784 by Daniel, of
Wm. Gardiner and Thomas Carter, for one year, for
six bushels of potatoes, delivered at the New Mills.f
Ebenezer Tibbetts, a brother of Solomon, received
lots No. 12 and 13, in 1766, adjoining Henry Bick-
ford's ; but he soon returned to Lebanon.
SOLOMON TIBBETTS, b. Lebanon, 1710 ; d. 1780 ; m. EHza-
betli Spearing. Children, 1, Solomon. 2, Joseph. 3, James. 4,
Daniel. 5, Theodore. 6, Edward. 7, Abiathar. 8, Elizabeth,
m. Henry Kenney. 9, Lydia, m. Natlianiel Denbow. 10, Abi-
gail, m. Pelatiah Warren. 11, Joanna, m. Benjamin Colburn.
12, Susan, m. James P. Evans.
Solomon and Joseph never came here, but all the others did.
David m. Eanny Philbrook.
The growth of timber in this valley was of the
very finest description. J White Oaks and Pines of
gigantic dimensions extended their unbroken shade
* Abiathar Tibbetts. f Lease in possession of R. H. Gardi-
ner, Esq. X Abiathar Tibbetts.
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION. 75
as far as the foot could wander, and the moose and
deer and all other wild game indigenous to this clime,
were in the greatest abundance, until after the period
of the Revolution. It was among the most common
sights to see two or three moose crossing the stream
or some one of the ponds at the same moment.
Abiathar Tibbetts, whose memory runs back to the
time when these natural parks occupied the soil,
exclaimed, Oh the country was then most flourish-
ing. And now, what a desolation it is !" On one
occasion Gen. Dearborn who had often passed a fine
oak on the banks of the Kennebec, got out of his
canoe and measured it. It was 18i feet in circum-
ference.*
Benaiah Doorf of Lebanon, N. H., was among the
first settlers who arrived here. He came soon after
Tibbetts, in 1763 or 4. He received an eight and a
ten acre lot on Plaisted Hill, and having complied,
with the terms imposed by Dr. Gardiner, as had Mr.
Tibbetts, Dr. Gardiner gave each a deed. They
were deposited for safe keeping in a trunk in Mr.
Door's house, which took fire and they were con-
sumed. No immediate steps were taken to mend the
loss, and as the deeds were not recorded, both settlers
lost their land.
Daniel Door in Pittston is a descendant of Daniel.
It is not known that any other descendant of the
name resides in either town. His lots were No. 35
and No. 1. Lot No. 1, he sold to Wm. Everson,
" schoolmaster," July 16, 1766, and he conveyed the
rest to Dr. Gardiner in 1770.
BEXAIAH DOOIl,j had cMldren.
I. John.
II. James.
III. Hexry, m. Abigail Weeks.
* Abiathar Tibbetts. f lb. I Town Eecords.
76
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
IV. Bbnaiah.
V. Allen.
VI. Daniel, m. Jane Arven, 1793. Children, 1, Elizabeth,
b, July 3, 1794. 2, Iiena, b. Dec. 6, 1796. 3, Jane, b. Dec. 30,
1798. 4, John, b. Jan. 10, 1800. 5, Daniel, b. May 3, 1803. 6,
Nancy, b. Sept. 26, 1805. 7, Barzillai, b. May 12, 1808. 8, Dolly,
b. Sept. 11, 1810. 9, Ichabod, b. May 5, 1813. 10, Eunice, b.
Dec. 16, 1815. 11, Delia, b. April 4, 1818, m. 12, William Andrew,
b. Dec. 10, 1820. 13, Frances Ann, b. Dec. 25, 1823 ; d. March
10, 1827.
VII. Sally, m. Robert McCausland.
VIII. David, m. Betsey Arven, 1799.
IX. Maky, m. Henry Fitch, 1798.
X. Frances, m.
XI. Benjamin.
In 1764* the Lords of Trade ordered the census
of Maine to be taken, and out of 24000 people in
Maine, only two hundred were in Cabbassa and
Cushnoc. They increased rapidly, however, until
the Revolution broke out, so that in 1771, Hallowell,
Yassalboro', Winslow and Winthrop were incorpor-
ated. This increase was mainly through the exer-
tions of J. Pitts. B. Hallowell and Dr. Gardiner.f
John Hancock,! was here at one time, soon after
the first mill was built, and never having seen a saw-
mill, he entered where Solomon Tibbetts was at
work, and witnessed the operation. Young Abiathar
was astonished to see His Excellency give his father
Sk dollar for the pleasure the latter had imparted.
Henry Smith settled in Pittston in 1764. Sept.
23, 1765, he received a deed of five acres of land
on the west side. Aug. 5, 1772, he procured 100
acres of land on the eastern side of the river, for
which he paid Dr. Gardiner £66, 13s. 4d. The
next year he received 60 acres in addition. Maj.
Smith was born in Germany in 1738, and came to
America while yet a lad. He served as a continen-
tal soldier during the French war, and was at Ticon-
* Williamson. f Hist. Keia. Purchase.
X Abiathar Tibbetts.
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION, 77
deroga, and saw Lord Howe fall, and was at (Quebec
under Wolfe. He was the landlord in Pittston for
many years.*
HEXRY SMITH.t b. Sept. 29, 1738 ; came to America, 1747 ;
to Pittston, 1764 ; d. Dec. 12, 1827 ; Sarah E. Colburn, his wife, d.
April 11, 1821. Children.
I. He^-ry, b. Nov. 17, 1767 ; m. SaUy Williams, 1794 ; d.
July 20, 1820. Chil. 1, John, d. unm. 2, Henry, d. unm. 3,
Jeremiah, d. unm. 4. Robert, m. Ann Foss. 5, Sarah, m. Daniel
Hasty. 6, William, m. Priscilla Clarke. 7, Gilbert, b. April 6,
1807'; d. unm. 8, Hiram, b. Nov. 15, 1808 ; d. at sea. 9, Cath-
arine, b. Feb. 10, 1811 ; unm. 10, Marian, b. Aug. 28, 1813 ; m.
Wm. Watson. 11, Susan, m. Daniel Wingate. 12, Esther, m.
Briggs.
n. John, b. Sept. 17, 1769 ; m. Abigail Colburn. Children,
1, Betsey, b. March 28, 1796 ; m. Francis Hall. 2, John, b. Dec.
5, 1798 d. 3. Evelina, b. April 19, 1799 ; m. John Soper ; 10 ch.
4, Ohve, b. Nov. 1, 1803 ; m. John Rollins ; 7 ch. 5, John, b.
April 14, 1805 ; m. Mary Stacy. 6, Martha, m. Caleb Duell ; 4 ch.
7, Abigail, m. Charles Bradstreet; 7 ch. 8, Sarah, m. Franklin
Colburn; 6 ch. 9, William, m. A. G. .Doyle. 10, George, m.
H. E. Nye.
HI. Sally, b. Jan. 2, 1772 ; m. Nathaniel Kimball. Chil.,
I, Henry, m. Ann Duganne. 2, Hannah, m. Alexander S. Chad-
wick. 3, Nathaniel, m. Julia Stone. 4, Abigail, m. Coffin.
5, Bartholomew, d. at sea. 6, Cordelia, m. George Cooke.
IT & Y. James and Jeremiah, b. March 3, 1774. James m.
Abigail Bailey. Children, 1, Thomas B., b. Sept. 12, 1800 ; m.
Elizabeth Brown ; 1 child, d. 2, Amanda Malvina, b. Nov. 3, 1802 ;
m. Trueworthy Rollins ; 9 ch. 3, James Parker, b. March 22,
1804 ; m. Laura Joy, 1 ch. 4, Lydia Caroline, b. Dec. 3, 1805 ;
m. Reuben Colburn; 2 ch. 5, Mary A., m. Pierce Burt; 17 ch.
6, Sarah, unm. Jeremiah, m. Elizabeth Adams. Children, 1,
Mary, m. James Bailey. 2, Franklin, m. Letitia McLellan. 3,
Samuel, m. Lydia Still ; 5 ch. 4, Abigail, m. Ebenezer Richard-
son; 4 ch. 5, Clementine, m. Hiram Colburn; 2 ch.
VI. Betsey, b. April 26, 1776 ; m. Joseph Follansbe.
YH. Molly, b. Dec. 28, 1777 ; m. David Bailey. (See Bailey.)
YIJI. Rachel, b, July 15, 1780 ; m. Caleb Stevens. Children,
1, William, m. Caroline Bradstreet. 2, Hannah, m. WilKam
Bartlett. 3, Julia, m. Mains. 4, Hiram, d. unm. 5, John,
unjn. 6, (;aleb, m. Julia Clapp. 7, Franklin, unm. 8, George,
m. Leonora Bailey. 9, Henry, unm.
IX. Hannah, m. OKver Colburn. (See Colburn.)
* Wis. Records, Gardiner Intelligencer, f Town Records, Jno.
Smith, Elijah Jackson.
7*
78
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
Fourth Generation,
Children of Alexandeii S. and Hannah Ciiadavick. 1, Ed-
mund A., unm. 2, Sarah E., unm. 3, Nathaniel K., m. Martha
Chadwell. 4, Henry K., unm. 5, Gilbert, unm. 6, Anna Maria IT.
Children of George Henry and Cordelia Cooke. 1, George
Henry. 2, Lorenzo Draper.
Children of Henry and Ann Kimball. 1, Mary Ann, m.
James Molineaux. 2, Sally, m. Augustus Barrows.
Children of Nathaniel Kimball. (See Stone.)
John Denny* received a five acre lot, (No. 5,)
August 1, 1764. We know no more of him.
James Flaggf received 100 acres on the eastern
side of the river, July 26, 1764. It adjoined Joseph
; Glidden's. He afterwards bought a small lot on the
western side, and his house stood near the foot of
Yine street.
The same dayj Joseph Glidden received a lot on
the eastern side of the Kennebec. Fie had previous-
ly, Nov. 25, 1763, received a five acre lot on the
western side.
Martin Haley<§> bought 100 acres in 1763. It was
the first lot in what is now the south-western corner
of Pittston. He paid £40. On this land he raised
the first English hay ever cut in Old Pittston. ||
His son Martin married Jemima Jennison and Nath'l
m. Jenny Jennison. Martin d. April 27, 1832.
Samuel Berry^ and Nathaniel Berry, and a deaf
and dumb brother named Benjamin, came from West
. Bath in 1763. Samuel received an eight acre lot,
(No. 5,) on " Plaisted Hill," and his house was near
the first dam on the Cabbassa-contee. The terms on
which his land was obtained, were, that it should be
well fenced, have a good house, and that the grantee
should dwell thereon seven years, clear up three
acres, and work on the highway and ministerial lot
certain days each year, and that he should not sell it
* Wiscasset Eec. . f Ibid. % Ibid. § Ibid.
II Geo. Williamson, Esq. II AViscasset Rcc.
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
79
until the Plantation of Gardinerston contained 60
families. Berry bought out James McCausland in
1776.
Nathaniel, a mariner, at one time owned 100 acres
in Hallowell, which he sold to Samuel Norcross.
He settled permanently in Gardiner, and his descend-
ants are very numerous.*
Capt. Berry was a great hunter, and a man of
great bodily strength and agility. On one occasion
he was chasing a moose, on snow shoes, and his
companions had the curiosity to measure his leaps,
and it was found that he had leaped seven feet be-
tween the shoes, time after time.
LIEUT. SAMUEL BERRY,! b. Aug. 10, 1737 ; m. Sarah Thorn;
gheb. Oct. 14, 1739. Children,
1. David, b. Nov. 22, 1759 ; m. Mary Bradstreet ; she d.
1827; childi-en, 1, PoUy, b. March 23, 1782, m. Webster. 2,
Arthur, b. Xov. o, 1783, m. Harriet Stackpole, 2d wife, Elizabeth
Grant, 3d, Mary Taylor. 3, Rachel, b. April 7, 1785, m. Pol-
lard, 2d hus. —1— Wall. 4, Patty, b. July 10, 1793, d. unm. 5,
Harriet, b. Dec. 1795, d. unm. 6, Andrew Bradstreet, b. January,
1798, d. unm. ; 7, Amasa, d. unm.
II. Thomas, b. Aug. 23, 1763 ; m. Polly Davis, 2d Avife, Mary
Hanscom. Children, 1, Samuel, unm. ; 2, Joseph, m. Betsey Tabor.
3, Keziah, m. Samuel Pall. 4, David, unm.
in. Lydia, b. Aug. 22, 1765, m. Nathaniel Berry. (See N.
Berrv.)
lY. Martha, b. July 10, 1767, m.
Y. Lucy, b. March 22, 1769 ; m. Joseph Lambert of Mill Cove,
Bath.
Fo u r th Generation.
Children of Capt. Akthuii Berry, 1, Arthur. 2, Julia, m. J.
Macy of Xew York.
CAPT. NATHANIEL BERRY, m. Mary Mitchell. Children,
I. Nathaniel, (See sketch of Lieut. N. Berry.) b. 1755, m.
Lydia Berry, d. Aug. 20, 1850. Children, 1, Rhoda, m. Ichabod
Wentworth. 2, John, b. Feb. 17, 1783, m. Elizabeth Robinson,
Nov. 8, 1804 ; she b. Oct. 26, 1784. 3, Josiah, unm. 4, Deborah,
m. Abram Lord; 2d hus. Pardon Grey; children. 5, Sally, m.
Leonard Blanchard ; 3 children.
II. Keziah, m. Andrew McCausland. (See McCausland.)
* Wiscasset Records.
I Mrs. Lucy ADard, Jno. Berry, Jr., Arthur Berry, Esq.
80 SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
III. Mary, m. James McCausland. (See McCausland.)
IV. Jonathan, m. Miriam Fitch and Hannah Runnels. Chil-
dren, 1st wife, 1, Lucy, m. John Hutchinson. 2d wife, 2, Rhoda,
m. John Blodgett. 3, Caroline, m. Lewis Gowell. 4, Emily, unm. ;
5, Cynthia, unm. 6, Lucinda, m. Albert Newell. 7, William, m.
Adelaide .
V. Betsey, b. 1773, m. James Douglass. Children, 1, Martha,
ra. John Goodwin and Joshua Howard. 2, Betsey, m. Moses
Woodbury. 3, Tratia, unm. 4, Alex. Clark, d. unm.
VI. Andrew, b. 1774, m. Margaret Robinson. Children, 1,
Otis, m. Hannah Gordon. 2, Matilda, m. John Collins. 3, Sumner,
m. Drusilla Webber. 4, Catharine, unm. 5, Octavia, m. William
Buker. 6, Sophronia, m, Isaac Landers. 7, Orrigtonn, unm. 8,
Eliza, m. Henry McCausland. 9, Daniel, unm. 10, John Andrew, m.
Lydia A. Howard. 4 died young,
VII. Lucy, b. 1776, m. Samuel Allard, who d. 1812. Children,
1, Cynthia, unm. 2, Jonathan, m. Theodosia Gowell. 3, Melinda,
m. John Allett. 4, Wm. Henry, unm. 5, Greenleaf Cilley, unm.
6, Joanna, m. Joseph Eoy, 1 died young.
Fotir th Generation.
Children of John and Elizabeth Berry. 1, William H. b, Sept.
18, 1805, m. in N. J. and had children. 2, Albert, b, Feb. 12, 1808.
m. Hannah Johnson, Hallowell. 3, Elbridge, b. July 23, 1811, m.
Angeline Gary, March 22, 1836. she b. Feb. 4, 1812. 4, John, Jr.,
b. Oct 26, 1814. m. Mary Norris, Sept. 25, 1839. she b. April 26,
1815. 5, Mary J. b. March 24, 1818, m. Hii-am Smith, July 29,
1844. 6, Arthur, b. Jan. 8, 1820, m. Nancy JeweU, Nov. 17, 1842.
she b. Jan. 15, 1819. 7, Harriet, b. June 20, 1823, d. August 13,
1827.
Children of Ichabod Wentworth and Rhoda. 1, Betsey, m. Geo.
Cox. 2, John, m. Kinney. 3, Julia, m. Withee. 4,
Noah. 5, Josiah, m. Sturgess. 6, Lydia Ann.
Children of Isaac Landers and Sophronia. 1, Lydia Ann. 2,
John Collins. 3, George Henry.
Children of Leonard Blanch ard and Sally. 1, Adaline, m.
Gowell. 2, Castaline. 3, Franklin.
Children of Abram Lord and Deborah. 1, Augustus, d.. 2,
Abram, m. Lydia Sandborn.
Children of Joseph Foy and Joanna. 1, Charles. 2, Anna. 3,
Henrietta, d. 4, Joseph.
Fifth Generation.
Children of Albert and Hannah Berry. David.
Children of Eldridge and Angeline. 1 Harriet J. b. Dec, 23,
1836. Henrietta, b. Feb. 1838. Mary Joanna, b. Aug. 29, 1841.
Wm. Everett, b. April 4, 1843. Clara Ella, b. April 13, 1845.
Sarah L. b. June 21, 1851, d. 1851.
Children of John, Jh. and Mary. 1, Georgiana Floresta, b. July
17, 1840, d. Oct. 16, 1840. 2, George Henry, b. Sept. 22, 1842.
3 & 4, Edwin Augustus and Edward Augustine, b. Dec. 5, 1844.
5, Jno. Willis, b. Oct. 10, 1851.
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION. 81
CMldren of Arthur and NAifCY. 1, Frederick A., b. Feb. 6,
1844. 2, EHza C, b. Nov. 29, 1847 ; d. Atig. 29, 1848. 3, Lizzie
C, b. Aug. 22, 1850 ; d. Jan. 24, 1852.
Lydia Berry, the daughter of Samuel and the wife
of Nathaniel, who was born Aug. 22, 1765, was the
first white girl born in Gardiner or Pittston,
Nathaniel Berry, was born in Georgetown, now
called West Bath, Dec. 22, 1755. When he was
eight years of age, (1763,) his father removed to
Gardiner, and Nathaniel continued to reside here
until he Avas twenty-two years old, 1777, when he
WTUt to Boston and enlisted. He was on the northern
frontier with Gen. Schuyler, at the retreat of Sara-
toga, surrender of Burguoyne, the skirmish at White
marsh. He soon became a member of Washington's
Life Guard, and was at Yalley Forge, in that darkest
period of the Revolution. In January, 1780, he
was honorably discharged and he returned to his
home in what is now Gardiner. A few years before
his death he removed to Pittston. While at Yalley
Forge a member of the Guard opened a writing
school, and Mr. Berry attended. He wrote the
names of the Life Guards in his book. His death
took place Aug. 20, 1850. Hon. George Evans,
pronounced an Eulogy, and a large procession of the
people, officers, military escort, fire department, etc.
attended the body to the Methodist Church, and
thence to the Pittston cemetery, where it was
buried amid the tolling of bells, and the firing of
minute guns. Mr. Berry was a man of vigorous
mind and body, and will long be remembered as one
of George Washington's Life Guards.
William Bacon* received five acres, Feb. 10, 1764,
near the present Ferry. He attempted to build a
house, but only suc(^eeded in digging a cellar about
1769, after which he went away.
* "VViscasset Records.
82 SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
Joseph Bums,* received lots 11 and 12, containing
ten acres, Jan. 1, 1765.
- Moses Bickfordf settled on an eight acre lot, the
same day, (No. 17.)
Dr. Zachariah FIitner,J a German doctor, settled on
a five acre lot in what is now Gardiner village, in
September, 1765, but he soon gave it up, and remov-
ed to Brown's farm. After remaining there awhile
he went to the neighborhood of Nahumkeag pond.
ZACHARIAH FLITNER, m. Lucy Colburn. ChUdren.
I. William, settled on Arrowiic, and d. no issue.
II. Benjamin, 6 or 7 children.
III. Hannah, m. Hanover ; children.
IV. Lucy, m. Daniel Kelley ; 5 children.
V. Frances, m. Samuel Oakman. Children, 1, Francis, d. at
sea, unm. 2, Samuel O., m. Jackson. 3, Zachariah, m. Mary
Lapham. 4, Elizabeth, unm. 5, Cordelia, m. Joseph Flitner. 6,
"William, d. at sea ; unm. 7, David, unm. ; is at Sandwich Islands.
VI. Joseph, m. Elizabeth Cutts. Children, 1, Joseph, m.
Cordelia Flitner. 2, Eliza, m. Lewis Packard. 3, William, m.
Louisa Cutts. 4, George, m. Mary A. Chase. 5, Samuel C, m.
Sophronia S. Jackson. 6, Mary, unm. 7, Sarah, unm.
In 1765, Henry Layer and Frederic Jacquere
were warned off from the land which they had re-
ceived from Messrs. Hancock, by Dr. Gardiner, and
forbidden to cut more fresh meadow hay. Messrs.
Hancock and Gardiner both claimed the same soil,
and quite a lawsuit, and much trouble grew out of
the difference, between Dr. Gardiner and John Han-
cock, who became heir. Jon. Bowman was the
attorney of the latter. In 1769, David Lawrence
was warned off by Dr. G. who claimed land which
Lawrence had bought of Hancock. ||
Francis and William Winter<§> came here in 1766,
but did not remain long.
William Everson,1[ a schoolmaster, bought an eight
* Wis. Rec. t Ibid. % Ibid. Geo. Williamson,
II R. H. Gardiner, MSS. § Wis. Rec. H Ibid.
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
83
acre lot of Benaiah and Mary Door, July 16, 1766,
for £33, 6. 8. The deed was executed in presence
of Jonathan and William Philbrook, and Benjamin
Bickford.
A number* of settlers who had selected lots re-
ceived their deeds September 18, 1766. Henry
Bickford obtained lots 6, 14 and 15,^containing six-
teen acres. It was on the northern shore of Cab-
bassa stream. He remained but a short time, and
went to Dresden.
Paul Kennyf took up lots 8 and 37, containing
eighteen acres, situated near the land of Stephen
Kenny and Solomon I'ibbetts.
Stephen KennyJ obtained lots No. 3, 8, and 38,
containing 26 acres, on the north shore of the
stream.
Nathaniel Denbow^ settled on lot No. 27, con-
taining ten acres, situated on the Cabbassa.
Jonathan Oldham, || a mason, obtained a five acre
lot, No. 15, Oct. 11,' 1766.
Samuel Oldham,** also a mason, came here the
same year, but died in a few years.
GIDEON GARDINEE.tt came in 1766—7) and settled in
Pittston ; he was b. 1730 ; d. Oct. 28, 1798. He had children.
I. Betsey, m. Dr. ■ Warren.
n. DoKCAS, m. Turner ; children.
■ m. Charlotte, ra. • Hall ; no issue.
rV. Sarah, m. Stephen Jewett.
V, John, m. !Mrs. Phoebe (Cartright) McCord ; he d. April
20, 1814. Children. 1, Benjamin C, m. Sturtevant. 2,
J. D., m. Ann L. Milliken. 3, Charles P., m. Emeline Clay. 4,
Dorcas, d. 5, Henry, m. Elizabeth Coggswell ; 2d wife, Caroline
Turner.
Fourth Generation.
Children of J. D. and Ann L. Gardiner : 1, Louisa L. 2, Re-
becca J. 3, Ellen H., d. 4, Augusta B.
* Wise. Records. f Ibid. ' + Ibid. § Ibid. || Ibid.
** Ibid. ft Ibid. Town Records. J. D. Gardiner.
84
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
About the year 1766-7, there was a season of
great scarcity. The people had raised but httle
in the fall, and that supply was exhausted before
spring. They made dried moose meat a substitute
for bread, and they were destitute of vegetable food
for a long time. When the ice broke up some of
the settlers wenj; down to the mouth of the river in
batteaux, and waited there until the first coaster
appeared. This was done frequently afterwards, in
times of scarcity.
James Cox,* settled here in 1767.
Peter Hopkinsf received five acres the same year.
His deed was given in 1768. The land of these
two joined.
William Lawf obtained five acres Aug. 2, 1768.
It comprised "Law's Cove."
The next day, Dennis Jenkins,^ a ship carpenter,
obtained five acres, which he sold March 10, 1778,
to William Barker. It was where William B. Grant,
Esq. resides. Jenkins' wife was named Anna. He-
designed to build ships here, but from some cause
he did not remain.
Abner Marson|| bought 80 acres, Aug. 22, 1768.
It joined Nathaniel Bailey's land.
John LawrenceH took up 100 acres on the eastern
side of the Kennebec, in 1769, which he sold to
Joseph Lawrence in 1770. It was lot No. 3.
PELATIAII WARREN, came in 1770, m. Abigail Tibbetts ; she
d. 1793, murdered. Children,
I. Hannah, m. Pratt.
II. Abagail, m. Wra. Sloman.
III. William G., b. 1774, m. Margaret Marson. Children, 1,
William, m. Ann Fields. 2, Caroline, d. 3, Samuel, m. H. K.
Leach, 2d wife, C. T. Vigoureaux. 4, James, ni. 5, George, m.
Hutchinson. 6, Jno. m. Mary Melius. 7, Harriet E. m. Dr. J. C.
Jvilia Boynton.
* Wis. Rec. Dr. Gardiner's MSS. t lb. t lb. § lb.
II lb. H lb.
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATIOxV.
85
rV. Elizabeth, b. Aug. 29, 1778; m. Dennis Gould; she d.
Feb. 23, 1819 ; he d. Feb. 5, 1852, a. 88. Chilcben, 1, liobert, m.
Rebecca Whitney. 2, Jesse, m. Eliza Crowell. 3, Relief, m. Col.
John Fairbanks, of Winthrop. 4, Walter, m. in Mississippi. 5,
James, m. Rachel Rollins. 6, William, m. Lucy Lawrence ; 2d
■wife, Lydia Ann Moore. 7, Bartlett, m. Catherine Cottle. 8,
Ellesif *Ann, m. Richard B. Caldwell. 9, Oscar R., m. Martha
Robinson.
Y. JoH^', b. 1787 ; m. Mary Chase, 1805 ; he d. in Turner,
Xov. 25, 1S46 ; she d. Jan. 18, 1830. Children, 1, Abigail S., b.
Sept. 8, 1808 ; m. Charles H. W. Tuesley of Hermon. 2, William
S. b. Sept. 2, 1807 ; m. Sarah Ames ; d. Aug. 3, 1827. 3, Joshua
D., b. Jan. 1, 1809 ; m. Hannah C. Eailey. 4, John, Jr., b. Sept.
14, 1810; m. Lydia Bowker. 5, Henry S., b. Sept. 19, 1812;
d. July 16, 1830. 6, James, b. Sept. 18, 1814 ; went to sea, and
not heard fi-om. 7, Mary A., b. July 31, 1816 ; m. Morton ;
d. 1837. 8, Caroline, b. Feb. 9, 1819 ; d. April 9, 1825. 9, So-
phia, b. Feb. 3, 1822 ; m. Prior M. Hamlin ; d. Jan. 20, 1849. 10,
Rotiney, b. Dec. 15, 1823 ; d. at sea, June 13, 1841. 11, Sidney,
b. April, 1826 ; d. Sept. 1826.
YI. James, b. 1789 ; d. 1829.
YU. Cyxthia, b. 1790 ; m. Enoch Tibbetts. Chil., 1, William,
m. Hannah Gould. 2, Edward, m. . 3, Dolly, 4,
Cynthia. 5, Thomas. 6, Sarah. 7, Enoch.
Yni. Faxxt, b. 1792; m. John Coombs; 2d hus. Bartol.
Cliil., Apphia.
EX. Charlotte, b. 1794 ; m. James Smith ; 2d husband,
Brown. Chil., 1, John, m. Welch. 2, Yfelly, unm. 3,
Frances, ujim. 4, CAmtMa. 5, Jane.
Fourth Generation.
Children of Samuel and C. T. Warrei^. 1, Osgood ^Y. G. 2,
Ann Sarah, d.
Child of George and Julia Warrex. George.
The celebrated Brown* farm, heretofore spoken of
as the first land cleared by the English in Gardiner
or Pittston, was leased by Dr. Gardiner in 1770, to
Joseph Cragin.
About the year 1770, the destructive army worms
first made their appearance. They devoured all be-
fore them, and moved over houses rather than pass
around them.
Samuel Oakman,f a mariner, removed to Pittston
in 1771, and August 31, 1772, he purchased land of
Yris. Rec. R. H. Gardiner, MSS.
8
t Wis. Rec.
86
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATfON.
Major Colburn. There are none of the name now
left.
John and Henry Noble* settled near Major Smith's
hotel.
Dr. Jonathan Hicks,f was here from 1772-4, and
was the first physician who ventured to settle here.
He found the people so healthy or so poor, that he
went back to Massachusetts, whence he came.
In 1773, the settlers' lots| of Nathaniel Den bow,
Paul and Stephen Kenny, Daniel and Ebenezer Tib-
betts, Henry Bickford, and Joseph Lawrence, were
taken from them for not fulfilling their conditions.
William Gardiner was appointed to take possession
of them, by his father, because they had "gone off
and left their respective places."
Benjamin Colburn<§» and John Taggart bought 408
acres of Major Reuben Colburn, Jan. 1, 1773, on
the eastern side of the Kennebec.
John North was one of the first Irish settlers who
came to the Kennebec. In 1757 he succeeded
Capt. Bradbury as commander of the fort on St.
George's river. John McKechnie was his Lieuten-
ant. He was a Kennebec proprietor in his own
right, and that of his wife. North became one of
the Judges of the Court of Common Pleas. He
died about 1765 and Joseph, his son, went to fort
Halifax soon after, and in 1773-4 purchased the old
postoffice now used as a store by William R. Gay,
and moved to Gardinerston. It was built by Dr.
Gardiner in 1763-4, and Judge North sold it to
Maj. Seth Gay in 1786. It is older than any other
building in Gardiner or Pittston. Mr. North repre-
sented Gardinerston in the Provincial Congress in
1774-5, and removed to Augusta, about the time of
* Wis. Rec. ' t Ibid. A. Tibbetts. + Dr. Gardiner's MSS.
§ Lincoln Records.
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION. 87
the peace. He was a most influential man. A
writer in the Kennebec Journal speaks thus of his
family, which was the best cultivated in the Planta-
tion : —
" Madam North, hi? wife, was a Boston lady of
the old school. , She had a good person, a cultivated
mind, dignified and graceful manners, and being re-
markable for her powers of conversation, was the
delight of the social circle. Her sprightly and spirit-
ed remarks, in tones that were music to the ear,
were peculiarly pleasant and animating. Under her
direction, their house was the seat of elegant hospi-
tality. In the latter part of her life she became
blind ; and the world she had cheered, was shrouded
from' her vision."*
The old Gardiner, North or Gay mansion is now
standing, a venerable monument of the early times.
Thomas Agryf first bought 93 acres of land in
Dresden of Samuel Dudley, but after that, in 1774
he removed to Agry's Point. He was a ship-carpen-
ter, and built some of the first vessels above Bath.
The family was once very conspicuous here, but
there are now none of the name. His son, Capt.
John, married Betsey Reed. Thomas and John re-
moved to Hallowell and Capt. David died at sea. -
In 1776-7, Frederic O'BluffskieJ received a settler's
lot, but he soon enlisted, and went into the Revolu-
tionary army. *
Having given minutes of the first settlement, we
will next give some facts in the history of the honor-
ed founder of the city, and his family.
Dr. Sylvester Gardiner, whose enterprise did
so much towards settling the Kennebec valley, was
born in South Kingston, R. I. in the year 1707. He
* Lincoln Rec. Williamson's Hist. Maine.
t Lincoln Records. J Ibid. State Papers.
88
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
was the fourth son of William, who was the son of
Benoiii, the son of Joseph, an English emigrant.
He was educated by his brother-in-law, Rev. Dr.
McSparran, for the medical profession, and studied
eight years in England and France, and returned to
Boston, where he soon became known as an accom-
plished physician. He established a depot for the
importation of drugs, and soon realized a very large
fortune. Gradually he accumulated immense pos-
sessions of real estate in Maine, having at least, at
one time, one hundred thousand acres of land.* As
will be seen in these pages, he was the grantor of
much of the land in ancient Pittston and other places
in the vicinity, the builder of mills, and the author
of the beginning of our early settlements. He erect-
ed houses and mills at Swan Island, Pownalborough
and other places. See Ecclesiastical Sketch.
On the breaking out of the Revolution, he imme-
diately espoused the cause of Great Britain, and left
Boston with the British army, on the evacuation.
He was forced to leave his large property behind
him, taking only about £400 with him. Sabine
saysf , he was an addresser of both Hutchinson and
Gage. In 1776, he went to Halifax with the British
ajmy."
On his flight his property Avas confiscated, and all
that could be found, was sold at public auction.
A fine library containing! about 500 volumes,
belonging to Dr. Gardiner, was sold at auction by
William Cooper in 1778 and 1779. There were
upwards of 90 rare folios, 80 quartos, 330 octavos,
and about 50 duodecimos. Another library was sold
the same day, belonging to " Mrs. Rebecca Hallo-
well, an absentee." It contained about 22 folios, 22
quartos, 84 octavos and about 28 duodecimos.
* Updike's Hist, of Episc. Church, in Narragansett, p. 126.
t American Loyalists, p. 316. X Massachusetts Archives.,
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION. 89
These books were all sold, and scattered among
many purchasers, as may be seen by the State Ar-
chives in Boston, where the names of the books, the
prices and purchasers' names ar^ all recorded. Pro-
bably the first mentioned above is the library which
Dr. Gardiner willed to the town of Gardiner, here-
after referred to. The books and other personal
effects, sequestrated and sold amounted to £1658, 18.
The personal effects of Robert and Rebecca Hallo-
well were also sold, and they brought £243, 8, 6.
The list of articles owned by Dr. Gardiner com-
mences thus : 1 mahogany bookcase, 1 pine painted
do., 2 black walnut square tables, 1 tin fender, 1
chamber table, 1 small timepiece, 1 oil coat, 1 green
sacking bedstead, etc.
The estates on the Kennebec were confiscated,
but the Attorney General found that the action was
illegally prosecuted, and instituted new proceedings.*
Before they were brought to a close peace was de-
clared, and the proceedings were stayed. The heirs
of Dr. Gardiner learned these facts, and obtained the
property. Had there been no flaw in the first suit
the property would now be in other hands than those
of the heirs of Dr. Gardiner.
Oct. 16, 1778, an act was passed,f by the Assem-
bly of Massachusetts against a large number of
absentees, and among them were recorded the names
of Sylvester Gardiner and Robert Hallo well. They
were declared to be -'manifesting an inimical disposi-
tion to the said States, and a design to aid and abet
the enemies thereof in their wicked purposes," and
it was enacted that if they should return, the sheriff,
selectmen, or any other inhabitant "should apprehend
them, and commit them to jail until they could be
sent out of the State, into the British dominions.
* Frederic Allen, Esq.
t Mass. Special Acts.
90 SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
It was also enacted, that should any such be trans-
ported and return, they should be put to death with-
out benefit of clergy. Those who should harbor or
conceal these were to be mulcted in the sum of
$500.
This continued in force in this part of the Union
until the adoption of the celebrated treaty first made
November 30, 1782. This provided that Congress
should recommend the States to provide for the
restitution of all property which had been confiscated
from those who had not borne arms against the
United States, and that all other refugees should
have liberty to go to any part of the country and re-
main twelve months unmolested, and use what
endeavors they could to obtain their property. It
provided that Congress should recommend the States
to restore all estates when the original owner
should pay the bona fide price received for them after
their confiscation, and that all who should have any
interest in confiscated lands, either by debts, mar-
riage settlements, or otherwise, should be allowed to
prosecute their claims and obtain their rights without
impediment. This was unanimously adopted by
Congress, in January, 1784, nine States being
present.
About the time of peace. Dr. Gardiner wrote to
Mr. Bowdoin as follows : —
April 10, 1783. There is now an entire change
in our ministry, which you will hear of before this
reaches you, and with them most likely a change of
political measures. God grant us all grace to put an
end to this devouring war, so contrary to our most
holy religion : and unite us all once more in that
bond of peace and brotherly union, so necessary to
the happiness of both countries, which God grant
* Updike, p. 127.
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
91
may soon take place, and give iis all an opportunity
once more to greet one another as friends."
Dr. Gardiner seems to have acted conscientionsly
in his course, for undoubtedly he was a man of pro-
bity and his " Christian fortitude and piety were
exemplary as his honesty was inflexible, and his
friendship sincere."*
When peace was finally settled, he returned to his
native country, and resided in Newport, R. I., and
practised physic and surgery, until he died suddenly
of a malignant fever, Angust 8, 1786. f
" His funeral was attended by most of the citizens,
and his body was interred under Trinity Church.
The shipping displayed its colors at half mast, and
much respect was shown by all the people. "J
In the Episcopal church in Gardiner, near the
pulpit, a beautiful Cenotaph of black marble, about
eight feet high, enclosed in a fine oaken frame, and
cemented in the wall, is erected to the memory of
Dr. Gardiner, and bears the following inscription :^ —
Sacrum Memorise
SYLYESTIIIS GARDINER,
Qui natus, haucl obscuro genera, in insula Rliodi
Studuit Parisiis
Et BostoniaB diu medlcinam felTciler Exercuit.
Postquam satis opum paravisset,
Navavit operam ad domandam ornandamque
Hanc orientalem regionem, tunc incultam.
Hie sylvas late patentes evertit, molas omnigenas
-c^ldificavit, omnia rura permultis tuguiiis ornavit,
Templum Deo erexit,
Atque hacc loca habitantibus pater-patrl£e dici
Proiecto meruit.
Yir acerrimo Ingenio ; medicus sciens,
Maritus fidelis, pius in Liberos,
In obeundis negotiis vigilans, sagax, indefessus,
Integer vitse, in sacris Uteris doctus,
Chxistiana^ fidei omnino addictus,
* Newport Mercury, Aug. li, 1786.
t Updike. X Newport Mercury, Aug. li, 1783.
§ Copiei from the Cenotaph.
92 SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
Ecclesiseque Angllcanoe observantiasimus,
Mortuus eat in insulA Khocli,
Anno Domini MDCCLXXXVI, eetatis LXXIX.
Ut viri de ecclesiti deque Republic^ optime meriti
Memoriam commendaret posteris, suseque insuper
Erga avum venerandum pietatis monumentum extaret,
Honorarium hoc marmor erexit,
Nepos hseresque,
HOBERTUS HaLLOWELL GaRDINER.
TRANSLATION.
Sacred to the memory of Sylyester Gardiner, who, bom in
Rhode Island of family not obscure, studied in Paris, and practised
medicine successfully, a long time, in Boston. Having obtained a
competency, he directed his attention to the civilization and im-
provement of the Eastern country, then uncultivated. Here he
leveled extensive tracts of forest, built various kinds of mills,
ornamented the country with numerous cottages, erected a church,
and by the inhabitants of these parts has richly deserved to be
called the father of the land. Distinguished for his abilities, a
learned physician, a faithful husband, a good father, of incorrupti-
ble integrity, in transacting of business, indefatigable, sagacious
and vigilant, of upright life, deeply read in the Sacred Scriptures,
a firm believer in the Christian Faith, and wholly devoted to the
doctrine tmd discipline of the Church of England, he died in
Rhode Island, in the year of our Lord, 1786, aged 79. That he
might commend to posterity the memory of a man who deserved
so well of the Church and the Kepublic, and that a monument
might exist of his own gratiltide towards his venerable grandfa-
ther, lioBERT Hallowell Gardiner, his grandson and heir, has
erected this honorary marble.
His last will and testament reads as follows:*
In the name of God, amen. I, Sylvester Gardiner, late of
Boston, in the County of Suffolk, now residing at Newport, in the
County of Newport, and State of Khode Island, &c., physician,
being of sound understanding and memory, for which, I return
my most humble praise and thanks to my mighty and merciful
Creator, calling to mind the uncertainty of my life, as it is appoint-
ed to all men once to die, do make and ordain this, my last will
and testament.
" First, I do most humbly resign my soul to God, humbly be-
seeching him to pardon all my sins through the all-sufficient
merits and mediation of my blessed Saviour and most mighty Re-
deemer Jesus Christ. I commit my body to the earth from
* Copied by Charles E. Allen, Esq., from the Suffolk Registry,
vol. 86, p. 26. •
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
93
whence it was taken, in assurance of its resurrection at the last
day, when the Lord Jesus shall change it, that it may be fashioned
like to his glorious body, by his might}^ power, whereby he is able
to subdue all things to himself. As to my burial, I desire it may
be decent without extravagance, at the discretion of my executors
hereafter mentioned.
I order all my debts and funeral charges to be paid as soon as
convenient after my decease. Such worldly goods and estate as
it hath pleased God to give me, I dispose of in the following
manner.
Imprimis, I give and devise unto my two sons-in-law, E-obert
Hallo well, Esq., and Oliver Whipple, of Portsmouth, in the State
of Xew Hampsliire, in America, Esq., all my Cobbiscontee tract
of land, so called, at Gardinerston, l}T.ng on the west side of Ken-
nebec river, abbutting on Cobbiscontee great pond, and lies on
the north and south side of Cobbiscontee great river, as by the
several grants to me will appear; also an Island on Kennebec
river, containing about 120 acres, which was formerly called Lynd's
Island, but now Gardiner's Island, and now let upon lease to
Joseph Smith ; the foregoing Island and land upon this special trust,
for the express following pui-pose, (that is to say,) to and for the sole
use and benefit of my son William Gardiner, during his life, and
afterwards to the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, and in
default of such heirs male, then to the eldest daughter of the said
William Gardiner and the heirs male of her body lawfully be-
gotten, and in defaiilt of such issue, male or female, I give and
devise all the aforementioned premises to my grandson, Robert
HaUowell, son to Robert and Hannah Hallowell, and the heirs
of his body lawfully begotten, and in default of heirs male, then
to the eldest daughter of tlie said Robert Hallowell, and to the
heirs male of her body lawfully begotten, and in default of such
heirs male or female of the said Robert Hallowell, then I give
and de-i-ise the aforementioned premises to my grandson Sylvester
AVhipple, son to Oliver and Abigail Whipple, and to the heirs male
of his body lawfully begotten, and in default of such heirs male
then to his eldest daughter and the heirs male of her body law-
fully begotten, on this condition, that in case the devised premises,
should pass to the heirs male of the said Robert Hallowell, or the
heirs male of the said Oliver Whipple, in such case the said male
or female heirs, shall be obliged to change or procure his name to be
changed from Hallowell or Whipple, as the estate may happen to
pass, to the one or the other, to the name of Gardiner, and in
default of such issue male or female, as before specified, then to the
next heir at law and in default of lawful heirs, then to St. Ann's
Church in Gardinerston. I give and bequeath twenty pounds ster-
ling to be paid annually forever, in four equal quarterly payments
out of the rents and incomes of my Cobbiscontee or Gardinerston
Estate aforesaid to the Episcopal minister for the time being of
St. Ann's Church in the said Gardinerston, who shall be duly
presented and inducted into the said Church, and he shall be
deemed rightfully inducted and instituted who shall be presented
94
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
to the same by my said son, William Gardiner or his heirs, the
perpetual successive patrons of the said Church, always supposing
that the major part of the parishioners of the said Church duly
qualified by law to vote, agree to the nomination or presentation,
but if the major part of the parishioners duly qualified shall
oppose the person presented by the patron for the time being, he
shall then present a second within one year after such rejection,
and if he be opposed in like manner, he shall present a third, who
shall be inducted any opposition notwithstanding. And if the
patron for the time being upon a vacancy of a minister of the said
Church by death or removal, shall neglect to present within 12
months, another candidate for the same, the parishioners of the
said Church, being convened by their wardens, shall have power
by major vote to present one themselves for that time only, the
patron's right returning, again, upon the next vacancy, and the
person so chosen by the Parishioners, shall have a good and legal
right, annually, during his ministry at said Church, to the £20
sterling, out of the rents and income of the said Estate, to be paid
by the Patron for the time being, as though he had presented
himseK. And furthermore the said £20 sterling, annually or so
much of it as shall become due during any vacancy of the min-
istry in said Church, shall be paid to the next incumbent. And
I order and direct the said Church of St. Ann's, to be decently
finished, if not done before my death, out of my personal estate.
I give to the Church of St. Ann's, in Gardinerston, forever, 10
acres of land, in Gardinerston, to be laid out by my son William,
and my two Executors hereafter mentioned so as to include with-
in the bounds of said Church a Parsonage house. I give and
bequeath my whole library of books, for a public Library, by the
name of the Gardiner Library, for the use of the settled Epis-
copal and Dissenting Clergy and the Physicians that shall live
within 15 miles, east and west of Kennebec River, and 20 miles
north and south from the Church, on said River, the Library to
be always kept at Gardinerston, and the Episcopal minister there
for the time being to be the Librarian, on liis giving sufficient
security to my son William, his heirs and successors in that estate
forever ; which, if he refuses or neglects then some other person
to be librarian, who' shall give such security ; said library to be
always subject to such rules and regulations, hereunto annexed
and signed with my own hand.
I give and bequeath to my dearly beloved wife, Catharine Gard-
iner, the interest of £1000 sterling, which sum I order and direct
my Executors hereafter named, to place out on good and suffi-
• ient security, at lawful interest, or to lay out the same in the
public funds as my said wife shall direct, and the interest I also
direct to be paid to my said wife, every half year during her remain-
ing a widow, but in case my said wife should marry again, in that
case I order and direct ray Executors to pay my widow the interest
of £500 sterling only, during her natural life, and no discharge
except a receipt in her own hand in writing, signed by the hand
of said widow, shall be sufficient to discharge my Executors from
the payment thereof during her life, and after her death, the
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION. 95
principal shall descend to my heirs to be eqtially divided among
them as before directed. I give and bequeath to my two daugh-
ters, Hannah Hallowell and Abigail Whipple, the whole of Worro-
montogus tract, containmg 6000 acres of land, bounded westerly by
the east side of Kennebec river, by the 3 grants of the said land
from the Kennebec Company, to me, will more fully appear, to be
equally di-\T.ded between them, the northerly half I devise to Wil-
liam Hallowell, the southerly half I devise to my daughter Whip-
ple, each of them paying annually £3 sterhng out of the rents and
profits of the said land, to the Episcopal minister for the time
being of St. Ann's Church in Gardinerston, who shall be elected
and duly inducted in said church. I give and devise to my daugh-
ter Rebecca Dumarisque, my lot of land called the Diamond lot,
containing 1000 acres, as per grant from the Kennebec Co., as de-
lineated and laid down on the Kennebec Company's plan made by
John North, Esq. to hold during her natural life, and then to the
male heirs of her body, lawfully begotten, and in default of male
heirs, to be equally divided among her daughters that may be
living, at the time of my decease, she and her heirs paying annual-
ly the sum of 40 shillings sterling out of the rents and profits of
the said land, to the ministry of St. Ann's Church in Gardinerston,
who shall be dtily elected and inducted to the said church. Also
I give and devise to my daughter Dumarisque the sum of £300
sterhng. Also I give and bequeath to my daughter Ann Brown
the sum of £300 sterling. All the rest and residue of my estate
~real and personal, I order to be sold by my Executors, who are
hereby fully impowered to make deed and conveyance of the real
estate according to their discretion, and the money arising from
the sale of such real estates, to be divided into 6 equal shares.
One share, I give my said daughter Brown, one share my said
daughter Hallowell, one share my said daughter Whipple, one
share to the children of John Gardiner, Esq. Barrister at laAv, late
of the Island of St. Christophers, now resident at Boston, New
England, (as 'tis said,) and to the said John Gardiner himself, I
give only the sura of one gmnea out of my estate and its my will
and order he shall have no more, one equal share I give to my said
daughter Damarisque, together with the said aforesaid sum of £300
sterling as above devised, to be put out at interest by my Ex'trs
hereafter named, on good secruity and the interest or income to be
paid to her half yearly during her life, or to such person or per-
sons for such uses as she by a writing under her own hand shall
direct or order, and no discharge except a receipt in writing signed
by the hand of my said daughter Rebecca Damarisque, shall be
sufficient to discharge my Executors from the payment thereof
during her life, and after her death the same sum, princi-
pal and interest, shall be equally divided among her daughters that
shall be then living and paid them accordingly. One other share
I give to my son William Gardiner to be put out at interest on
good security for this use to wit, to be applied, the interest
thereof, as it shall become due, towards discharging a bond in
which I was bound to a person in London, whose name I have
forgot, for his debt, until the same shall be paid, but if that same
96
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
debt sliall be paid or discharged in my lifgtime, then it is my
meaning and will that the intere;t!t of this same sum, given or
intended for the use of my said son William, shall go and be
divided in equal shares among and between my daughter Hallo-
well, my daughter Dumarisqvie, my daughter Brown, my daughter
"Whipple, and the said John Gardiner's children, they to have one
sixth part, and the said interest to be applied and paid accordingly
so long as that it shall amount to so much as the whole debt and
interest for which I was so bound, and after my said six heirs shall
have received and divided among them out of the said interest
so much as the full amount of the said debt and interest for which
I am so bovind, the snme being paid by me in my lifetime, then
the interest of the said sum so given, or designed for the use of
my said son William, shkil be the one half of it paid annually,
to him, and the other half of it laid out in the improving the
Estate at Cobbiscontee, as may be agreed on between my execu-
tors and the said William Gardiner. And in consideration of the
faithful services of my servant maid, Belau, I give her all her
wearing apparel with the bed and bedding she has usually used
together with £10 sterling for the purchasing household furniture.
I also give her the sum of £16 sterling, per annum, to be paid
her quarterly, during her natural life, by my Executors and for
the faithfYil payment thereof it is my will that my real estate
stand chargeable, and that my Executors shall and may detain
and keep in their own hands and possession, so much money
from the share or portion from each of my heirs before named as
shall be sufiicient to secure the punctual payment of the said £16
sterling per annum, during the life of my faithful servant Belau.
And I do hereby constitute and appoint my said sons-in-law,
Robert Hallow ell and Oliver Whipple, Esqrs., Executors of this
my said last will and testament. And lastly I do hereby revoke
annul and make void, all former wills and testaments, by me at
any time made. In witness whereof, I, the said Silvester Gardi-
ner, have to this, my last will and testament, containing six sheets
of paper, set my hand and seal to the last sheet hereof, my hand
only to the blank sheets. Silvkster Garuiner, [l. sj
Signed, scaled, published and declared by tiw said Silvester
Gardiner, Esq., as his last will and testament, in the presence of
us, this 25th day of April, A. D. 178&. John Bours, Thomas liob-
inson, Sarah E,obinson.
1st Codicil. A Codicil to be added to, and be a part of the last
will and testament of Sylvester Gardiner, late of Boston, in the
County of Suffolk, now residing at Newport in the County of
Newport, and State of Rhode Island, &c., physician. Whereas
I have made and published a will in writing, bearing date the 25th
day of April, A. D. 1786. Now I, the said Sylvester Gardiner,
do hereby ratify and confirm the same, with the following addi-
tions or alterations, to wit : I give and bequeath to my son, John
Gardiner, one thousand pounds lawful money, to be paid him by
my executors, in my will aforesaid named, in two years after my
decease, out of moneys that shall arise from the securities now
SETTLE?.IENT ANB INCORPORATION.
97
lodged ill Ms liands. to collect the, payment of, I do by this my
Codicil amiiil and make void the legacy in and by my said last
will and testament bequeathed my servant maid Bela^i. It is my
■mind and ^s-ill that the powers of attorney by me given to my son-
in-law, Oliver Whipple, Esq., my son, John Gardiner and Edward
H. Robbing, of Boston, Dr. EUjah Wright Dix, of Worcester, shall
continue and be in force and valid, until the arrival of my son-in-
iaw, Robert Hallowell, Esq, in this country ; and that txntil that
time, that my said attorneys shall account for their conduct to and
vnth my other Executor, the said Oliver Whipple, Esq. For and
in consideration, the trouble my Executor, Robert Hallowell, Esq.
may have in the settlement of my estate, I do hereby give him one
hundred pounds sterling money per annum, and the liberty to live
in any one of my houses, particularly the new one at Cobbiseontee
or Gardinerston estate, if he pleases, rent free, until a final settle-
ment of my estate. I give and devise all my part and right in
Swan Island to John Sylvester John. Gardiner, to hold to him
his heirs and assigns forever. I give and bequeath to my beloved
wife Catharine Gardiner, in addition to what I have already given
her in and by my last will and testament, all my plate and house-
hold furniture of any sort and kind that I may die possessed of,
and also the sum of £3G laM-ful money, yearly, and every year
during her life, to be paid her by my Executors out of my
estate, and I do also hereby declare, that my said vfill, in writing,
and this Codicil, which I will shall be added to and deemed part
thereof, do contaLn my last will and testament. In witness
whereof, I have hereunto set ray hand and seal, the 25th of April,
A. D. 1786. Silvester Gardiner, [l. s.]
Witnessed by John Bours, Thomas and Sarah Robinson.
2d Codicil. In addition to the aforegoing will and Codicil, my
will and desire is that my wif%?, Catharine Gardiner, be provided by
my executors with a smtable and convenient part of a house for
her to live in where she may choose during her residence in
America, the rent of the same to be paid out of my Estate. But
provided she chooses to return to England, then in that case my
will is, that my executors pay the expenses of her passage together
with the passage of a servant to attend her. In witness to the
above I have hereunto set my hand and seat, the 26th day of
AprU, 1786.
Witnessed by Bours and Robinsons,
Sd Codicil. A Codicil to be added to and be a part of the last
will and testament of Sylvester Gardiner, late of Boston, in the
County of Suffolk, now residing at Newport in the County of
Newport, and State of Rhode Island, &c., physician. I do hereby
revoke and disannul that part of a Codicil to my last will and
testament made and executed the 25th day of April last whereby
I have given to my wife, Catharine Gardiner, the sum of £30
lawful money, y(^irly, and every year during her life, and also the
Tvhole and every part of another Codicil made and executed in
favor of my said wife, Catharine Gardiner, the 26th day of April
■ 9
98
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
last, and for and in lieu thereof I do hereby give and bequeath
to my said wife, Catharine Gardiner, the sum of five hundred
pounds lawful money, to her sole use and disposal, to be paid to
her by my attorney, Edward Hutchinson Robbins, out of the
securities or credits which I have put into his hands to collect and
secure, together with an annuity of £50 lawful money, to be paid
to my said wife, Catharine Gardiner, half yearly during her
natural life, by my said attorney, the said Edward, out of the
residue of the securities or credits in my said attorney's hands,
which I hereby make chargeable for that purpose, all which is to
be considered in lieu of my said wife Catharine Gardiner's right
of dower or claim of thirds. In witness whereof, &c.
\th Codicil. In addition to my will and Codicils thereto annexed
and added, all which I do hereby ratify and confirm, I do now
give and bequeath to my son, John Gardiner, his heirs and assigns,
my house and lot of land with the appurtenances to the same
belonging, in the town of Boston, which belonged to my late
father-in-law, Dr. John Gibbons. I do also hereby give to my
said son, John Gardiner, his heirs and assigns, the one half part
of my Pownalboro' farm in the State of Massachusetts, and the
other half part of said farm, my will and desire is, should be
equally divided between my grandson, Wilham Gardiner, and
granddaughter, Ann, children of my said son, John Gardiner^
said Pownalboro' farm being on the F«astern river. In witness
to the aforegoing Codicil, I do hereby set my hand and seal the
I2th day of May, A. D., 1786. Silvester Gardiner, [l. s.]
For a considerable time before Dr. Gardiner's
hegird, he kept a slave, whom he owned, named Haz-
ard^ at work on his estates in Gardinerston.* He is
the only one known ever to have been here.
Hazardf was a bad fellow. He was sent here for
attempting to poison the family, and for other bad
acts. Mr. R. H. Gardiner says, "He was sent down
here where my grandfather gave him tools and stock
for carrying on a farm. He was subsequently drown-
ed in the Cabbassa, (at Hazard's Rips.) The town
of Hallowell sued Gardiner for the support of a
Lewis, one of his descendants. It was proved that
Hazard was his own master and had all his earnings,
but as he was never regularly manumitted the court
decided that he had not gained a residence. The
■ • .
* Action between Hallowell and Gardiner, Greenleat 's Reports,
t Cora, of R. H. Gardiner, Esq,
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
99
case is reported. All the colored people named Lewis
in this vicinity are descended from Hazard."*
John Gardiner,! eldest son of the Doctor, Avas
born in Boston in the year 1731, and was sent to
England to complete his education. He studied law
at the Inner Temple, and practised in the Courts of
Westminster Hall." He was from the beginning an
ardent republican, and a friend of Churchill and John
Wilkes. He defended the latter, and attracted the
attention of Lord Mansfield ; but though his Lord-
ship liked his talents, he would not advance him
because of his political principles. He received the
appointment of Attorney General in the West Indies,
and removed to St. Christophers in 1768. Here he
was very successful, and during the Revolution he
distinguished himself for his whig principles. In
1783, he removed to Boston.
He petitioned the Senate and House of Represen-
tatives in Oct. 1783, and he relates in his petition^
that he left America in 1748, before he was of age,
and resided in England and South Wales, until 1768,
and from that year until 1783, in St. Christophers hi
the West Indies. He declares that his father, Dr.
Sylvester Gardiner, "unfortunately for himself as
for your petitioner," withdrew from Boston in 1776,
•with the British troops, leaving behind him a large
property, some of which was seized by the State,
* After endeavoring to poison the family, he hung a favorite
horse of the Doctor's, and fired his house. At this the neighbors
were alarmed, and insisted that he should not remain. They said
he might hang his master's horses and poison the family (with
their own consent,) but they, the neighbors, would not be biu-ned up
by him, so he was banished to Cabbassa. His attempt at poison-
ing was thus discovered. Mrs. HalloweU was a favorite with the
slave, aAd he told her one morning not to drink of the coffee. This
aroused the suspicions of the family, and on analyzing the coffee
rt was found to be poisoned.
t Updike's EList. Narragansett Church.
j Mass. Archives.
100
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
and sold. He declares that among the property was
real estate which Dr. Gibbons, his grandfather, de-
signed for his mother, and which was not the proper-
ty of Dr. Gardiner, and also a library, which was
superior to most private libraries in this part of the
world, and which he designed as a donation to Har-
vard University. He claims that the law of forfeit-
ure and corruption of blood for treason is a cruel
law, introduced into England in the year 4:20, by
the Saxons, and that he should not suffer for his
father's conduct, as he has been a staunch whig ever
since he could act for himself; and was in "political
opinion and conduct," the very reverse of his father.
That in 1763 he took the part of John Wilkes, when
an abandoned ministry attempted to crush him,
having been his counsel, and that he always took
the part of the Americans^ and resolved, long before
peace was declared, to return to the colonies and
spend his days. He appeals to John Hancock and
others for proof of his declarations. He closes as
follows : • —
" That your Petitioner hath lately been in the
County of Lincoln in this State, upon a visit to his
Brother, William Gardiner, Esq., who there pos-
sesses upon the River Keiineheck, a very large and
good Estate, from the Gift of your Petitioner's said
Father, made to the said William Gardiner, up-
wards of ten years ago, and where your Petitioner
found there hath been, and now continues to be, a
most unjust and enormous Waste and Destruction of
the choice Timber, on the Estates, or Plantations
which were such the late Estates of your Petitioner's
said Father at the time of his withdrawing himself
as aforesaid. And upon one of which Estates which
your Petitioner's said Father had actually devised to
your Petitioner by his last Will, a Saw-mill bath
lately been most illegally and injuriously erected,
without any Liberty from the State ; and hath been
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
101
the means not only of stopping the course of the
Fish, but hath been the means of cuttmg up great
quantities of White-Oak, and Other choice Timber,
which grew upon such Estate, which is called Wor-
roamontogus ; and all this without any Acknowledge-
ment or Benefit whatever, to this Commonwealth for
the same." He adds, that his father's stock of
medicines, houses, and vessels, and other property,
amounting in all to more than $12,000, have been
confiscated, property which he ought to own, and
he continues, " although ' the Father hath eaten
sour Grapes, yet your Petitioner'' s Teeth have riot
been set on edge,'' that his political opinions and
actions have been and are, in total, the very reverse
of his said Father's ; your Petitioner with all Humili-
ty throws Himself at the Feet of this August Court,
most humbly and submissively appealing to your
Wisdom, your Justice, your Humanity, whether he
ought in any shape, further to bear, suffer, or be visit-
ed for the political sins and offences of his said
Father."
• Depositions* were made on this petition, from
which it was ascertained that John Gardiner was a
warm and ardent whig, and that he lost all chance
for promotion in the West Indies for that reason, and
that he cheerfully befriended all Americans who were
brought to the Island as prisoners. A committee
appointed for the purpose reported that the papers,
&/C., be filed, and await the action of Congress.
Feb. 13, 1784, John Gardiner, his wife Margaret,
and their children, Ann, John Silvester John, and
William, were naturalized.!
His daughter Ann married James Lithgow. Mr.
Gardiner rendered himself famous by his efforts to
abolish special pleading, a movement which some
* Mass. Archives. f Ibid.
9#
102
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
fifty years after was successful. He was an ardent
reformer, and an active Unitarian, and was the prin-
cipal agent in transforming the old King's Chapel,
or Stone Chapel, into a Unitarian Church. He was
much celebrated for his uncompromising opposition
to the Athanasian creed.* He also wrote an able
treatise in defence of the theatre. He removed to
Pownalborough and represented that town in Gener-
-al Court, from 1789 until his death, which took place
in 1793-4, He was drowned by the loss of a packet
in which he was sailing to Boston to attend the
session of the Legislature.
John Gardinerf had a son, John Sylvester John,
who became an able theological and political writer.
He was born in Wales in 1765, and was educated
until he was eighteen, by Dr. Parr. He was rector
of Trinity church, Boston, from 1805, until he died,
at Harrowgate Springs, England, in 1830. while
traveling for his health. He published eleven ser-
mons. He left one son, William H. an eminent
Boston lawyer, and two daughters, Louisa, who
married John Gushing of Watertown, and Eliz-
abeth.
William Gardiner, a son of Sylvester, removed to
Gardinerston, soon after the settlement commenced.
He usually employed a housekeeper, and was con-
tinually receiving company, which came to enjoy
the advantages of hunting and fishing, which the
place alforded.
On the flight of Dr. Gardiner, William produced a
deedj running from his father to himself, conveying
the estates in Pittston. When the action on the part
of the Commonwealth was brought, and he saw that
the lands would inevitably be confiscated, this deed
was prodnced. On calling the witness whose name
* Frederic Allen, Esq, f Updike. X 1^- Allen, Esq.
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION. 103
was attached, to attest the signature, he declared that
he was not a witness to the signing, nor was the
signature his, but that WiUiam Gardiner had told
him that he had such a deed, and that he should
thus hold possession of the property. It was un-
doubtedly a resort to avoid the loss of so valuable
an estate by confiscation.
He gave " Purgatory" its questionable name. He
had on one occasion been on a hunting excursion to
Litchfield, and camping out in the vicinity of Pur-
gatory, was badly bitten by the black flies, midges
and "no-see-ems/' as the Indians termed them,
which then abounded. On his return, he was asked
where be had been, and he replied to Purgatory.
The name was immediately caught up, and such has
been the title of the locality since.*
Mr. Gardiner seems to have been a practical joker.
He very much alarmed the people on one occasion,
t)y manufacturing thunder and lightning on a plan
entirely original. He laid a light train of gunpow-
der in each of the entries, rooms, and on each flight
of stairs, in the Great House, and then commenced
rolling a heavy cannon ball across one of the floors.
The night was dark, and as the people went out to
examine into the cause of the unwonted noise, he
lighted the powder, and every room was filled with
lightnii%. He was much delighted by the astonish-
ment of the wondering people, who declared that
they saw the lightning leaping from room to room,
when it was no where else.f
W m. Gardiner had the Cabbasa estate bequeathed
to him ; he died intestate.
Another descendant of Dr. Gardiner, Mrs. Allen,
daughter of Oliver Whipple, and wife of Frederic
Allen, Esq., deserves most honorable mention in these
* Moses Springer, Jr.
t Ibid, and Abiathar Tibbetts.
104 SfcTTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
pages. She was a woman of rare endowments of
mind, and of superior culture and attainments. Her
chief study and delight was the science of geology
and its collaterals mineralogy, conchology, &c. She
found many rare relics of other eras, and attracted
the attention and applause of the most scientific men
of the age. In the mounds in our vicinity she found
seaweed, shells of extinct species, the tooth of a wal-
rus and one of a bison, and other remains, which de-
monstrated that the arctic seas once flowed over this
country. Her cabinet is replete with curiosities of
this description, while her correspondents were such
men as Aggasiz, Lyell, Buckland, Silliman, and oth-
ers of the most scientific men in Europe and Amer-
ica. Her cabinet, and that of her deceased son-in-law,
Dr. Gay, which is now in the mansion of Frederic
Allen, Esq. are probably seldom equaled for the num-
ber and value of their gems, shells, minerals^ etc.
Many of the shells were found in the clay-bHilW
which abound in Gardiner, and most of them w*i^
imbedded some fifteen feet below the surface. The
family yet possesses the portrait of Mrs. Gar-
diner, and until recently had that of the Doctor, both
of which Avere painted by Copley, father of Lord
Lyndhurst, who was a refugee, and an excellent artist.
Mrs. Allen was author of a fine poetical work,
learned, and skilfully wrought, consisting of 400 lines,
and notes, amounting to 34 pages, entitled, " A Poet-
ical Geognosy, by Mrs. H. B. Alien. Boston, C. C.
Little and James Brown. * mdcccxli." — and other
poems. Her maiden sister. Miss Anne Whipple, is a
writer of uncommon talent for verse, as is her daugh-
ter, Mrs. Eleanor Gay, Avho has published a volume
of 79 pages, entitled " The Siege of Agrigentum,
a Poem."
i.
%
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
105
Dr. SYL^T^TER GARDINEK,* K 1707; d. 17^6; m. Anne
Gibbons, daughter of Dr. Gibbons, and had six children ; 2d Avife,
Eppes ; 3d wife, Catharine Goklthwaite. Children,
I. John, b. 1731; m. Margaret Harris of South Wales ; d.
1793. Children, I, Anne, m, Jame-s N. Lithgow, 2, Bev. Dr,
John S^vlvester John, Mary Howard. 3, William, m.
Downer. Grandchildren of John. — Children of James N. and
Anne Lithgow, 1, Alfred. 2, Llewellyn. 3, Louisa, m.
Williams. — Children of John S. J. and Mary Gardiner, 1, Wil-
liam Howard, m. Caroline Perkins, 2, Elizabeth, d. single. 3,
Louisa, m. John Cushing of Watertown. — Children of William,
1, George. 2, Margaret, m. E,ev. Thomas Pales. 3, Mary Ann,
in. Elder.
n. William, lived and d. in Gardiner, unm. and intestate, and
is buried beneath the Episcopal vestry.
m. Anne, m. John Brown, second son of the Earl of Alta-
mont ; his brother, Earl of Altamont, became Marquis of Sligo,
Children, 1, John, m. Lord Plowe's daughter. 2, James. 3, an-
other son. 4, Ann. 5, Louisa.
r^^. HlvNNAH, m. Robert Hallowell. Children, 1 & 2, Hannah
and Anne, who d. single. 3, Robert, who took the name of
Gardiner. Ptobert Hallowell Gardiner, m. Emma J. Tudor. Chil-
dren of Robert H. and Emma J. Gardiner, 1, Emma J., b. March
29, 180G ; d. unm. 2, Anne Hallowell, b. Dec. 5, 1807 ;• m,
Francis Richards. 3, Robert Hallowell, b. Nov 3, 1809 ; m. S.
Fenwick Jones. 4, Deha T., b. June 16,1812; m. George Jones,
o, Lucy Yaughan, b. Dec. 10, 1814 ; d. unm. 6, John William
Tudor, b. June 5, 1817, unm. 7, Henrietta, b. Mar-ch, 1820 ; m.
Richard Sullivan, Jr. 8, Rev. Frederic, b. Sept. 11, 1822; m.
Caroline Yaughan. 9, Eleanor Harriet, b. July 16, 1825. — Grand-
children of Robert II. and Emma J. Gardi7ier, and descendants in
the fifth veneration from Dr. Sylvester Gardiner. — Children of
Francis aid Anne H. Richards, 1, Francis G. 2, Sarah. 3,
John T. 4, George. 5, Robert H. 6, Henry. — Children of Rev.
Frederic and Caroline Gardiner, 1, Emma Jane.
■ * Y. Rebecca, m. Philip Dumarisque. Children, 1, Capt.
I^ilip, in the British Navy. 2, James, m. Sarah Farwell, of
Yassalboro'. 3, Frances, a physician in Jamaica. 4, Rebecca,,
twice married. — Grandchildren of Philip and Rebecca Dumarisque. —
Children of James and Sarah Dumarisque, 1, Frances, m. T. H.
Perkins, Jr. 2, Louisa J.,'"ia. J. Blake. 3, Philii), m. Margaret
Deblois, of Boston. }'i
YI. Abigail, m. Otlveb-^WhipjDle of Cumberland, R. I., after-
wards a lawyer in Portsiftaiith, N. H. He published a poem
dedicated to Pres. John Adajfns. Children, 1, Sylvester G., d.
without issue. 2, Hannah B.^-m. Frederic Allen, Esq. 3, Anne,
single. — Grandchildren of Oliver and Abigail Whipple. — Children
* Updike's Hist. Nar. Ch. R. H. Gardiner, Esq. Frederic
^^rAilen, Esq.
106
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
of Frederic and Hannah B. Allen, 1, Charles E. 2, Hannah. 3,
Eleanor A., m, Martin Gay, M. D. late of Boston. 4, Augustus O.
— Grandchild of Frederic and J.Iannuh B. Allen, Martin, son
of Martin and Eleanor A. Gay, b. 1849, a descendant in the fifth
generation from Dr. Sylvester Gardiner.
Rev. Frederic Gardiner has pubfisbed a Religious
Allegory, entitled the '^Island of Life."
Having given these few facts in the family of Dr.
Sylvester Gardiner^ we now return to the process of
settlement.
JOHN BAILEY, about this time, lived in Pittston, but his
descendants are mostly in Alna and Whitefield. Children, 1, Mar-
garet, b. Feb, 24, 1777, 2,, Nathan, b. Aug. 7, 1781 ; m. Betsey
Boynton, 3, Mary, b. July 25, 1782, 4, Thomas, b, Feb, 16,
1784. 5, Sarah, b. Feb. 34, 1786, 6, Eleanor, b. Dec, 18, 1790;
m. Henry Cooper, 1808, 7, Micajah, b. March 27, 1792. 8, John,
h. April 9, 1795, 9, Hannah, b. Aug. 25, 1797. 10, Eliza, b.
July 30, 1799, II, Susan, b. Sept 18, 1801,
David Lawrence* came from Littleton, in 1768.
He purchased a farm of Hancock, and commenced
a clearing immediately, where now his son, Charles
Lawrence, resides.
DAVID LAWRENCE, b. Littleton, Jan, 26, 1743; m, Eliza-
beth Eastman, 1768 ; Sarah Clark, March 6, 1791 ; Hannah Clark,
April 12, 1795 ; Lucy Troop, 1803, Sarah, d. Feb, 5, 1795; Han-
nah, d. March 30, 1801. First wife b. June 29, 1749; d, August
13, 1790. Children,
I. David, b. Pittston, Feb. 12, 1769.
n. Elizabeth, b. Nov, 11, 1770; m, Isaac Lcighton. Cliil-
dren, 1, David, m. Charlotte Bowdoin, 6 children. 2, Lucy, m.
Flanders, 4 children. 3, Edward, m. Mary Smith, 4 children.
4, Elizabeth, m. Peter Waitt, 3 children, 5, Benjamin, m, Lucy
Luce, 7 children, 6, Mary, m. Silas Leighton, 1 child. 7 Great-
grand-children of Isaac and Elizabeth.
III. Benjamin, b. Nov. 27, 1772.
IV. Simeon, b. Jan. 10, 1775 ; d. March 9, 1779 ; killed by the
fall of a billet of wood.
V. Edwakd, b. Jan. 19, 1778 ; m. Abigail Wells, 1801. _ Chil-
dren, 1, Edward, m. Caroline Stevens; 7 children. 2, Daniel, m.
Sophia De well ; 3 cliildren. 3, Benjamin, m. Mary A. Felker ; 2
* Furnished by Charles Lawrence, James Tarbox, Jr., Lincoln
Records, etc.
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
107
children. 4, Lucy, m. Gould. 5, Washington, m. Mary
Crowell ; 5 children. 6, Cordelia, m. J. Marson ; 8 children. 7,
David, b. Jan. 25, 1818 ; m. Elizabeth Colburn ; 1 child. 8, Frank-
lin, b. Julv 3, 1820 ; m. Marv AveriU ; 1 child. 9, Lavina, b.
Sept. 10, 1822 ; m. Geo. Nichols ; 2 Children.
Yl. Ltjcy, b. Feb. 1, 1780 ; m. William Luce, 1800. Children,
1, Eliza, m. Samuel Eastman; had 11 children. 2, Lucy, m. Ben-
jamin Leighton.
■\T:I. Simeox, b. Sept. 13, 1783 ; m. Mary Stevens; 8 children;
1, Simeon, b. Nov. 19, 1805 ; d. 2, David, b. Sept. 7, 1807 ; d.
3, John, b. Dec. 5, 1809; d. 4, William, b. Jan. 19, 1811; m.
Sarah Faning ; 2 children. 5, Joseph R. b. Nov. 28, 1814; m.
Hannah Jackins ; 3 children. 6, Elizabeth b. March 5, 1816; m.
Hiram Libbey ; 2 children. 7, David, b. Sept. 14, 1817; m.
E-hoda Fisher ; 1 child. 8, Mary, b. Aug. 8, 1819 ; m. James
Witham; 7 children. 9, David, b. May 24, 1823. There are 25
great-grand-cliildren.
Children of secojid wife : —
Ylll. Sarah, b. Nov. 3, 1791 ; m. James Jakins, 1810; 12 chil-
dren ; 1, Hannah, m. Joseph Lawrence. 2, Charles, m. Nancy
Niles ; 4 childi-en. 3, Thomas, m. Hannah Waitt ; other children.
IK. Charles, b. Feb. 18, 1793; m. Eleanor Morrill ; 11 chil-
dren ; 1, Dolly, m. James Tarbox, Jr. ; I child. 2, Drusilla, m.
Franklin McGowan ; 1 child. 3, Hiram, m. Elizabeth Capen ; 1
child.
X. & XI. James and William, b. Feb. 5, 1795. James m.
Susan Leighton ; 3 cliildren. 1, Elizabeth, b. September 15, 1828.
William m. Mary Luce ; 7 children. 1, Augustus, m. Almatia
Richardson. 2, Elias, m. Hannah Curtis ; 1 child.
Children of third wife : —
Xn. Haxxah, b. July 31, 1796 ; m. James Costellow; 2d hus.
Samuel Hodgdon. Children, 1, Edward, m. Emily Smith ; 2 chil-
dren. 2, Joseph, m. Mary Ann Ramsdell ; 2 children. 3, Benja-
min, m. Jerusha Thomas, 1 child.
Xin. Isaac, b. Nov. 26, 1797; m. Phebe Dole; 8 children; 1,
Cordelia, b. Feb. 20, 1825 ; m. Ira Carlisle, 1 child. 2, Harriet, b.
Aug. 3, 1826. 3. Franklin Gustavus, b. Dec. 26, 1828.
XIY. Mary, b. Feb. 9,1801; m. Peter Waitt; 6 children; 1,
Hannah, b. Feb. 7, 1823 ; m. Thomas Jackins. 2, Geo. Washing-
ton, b. Oct. 14, 1824 ; m. Mary Webber ; 1 child. 3, Charles
Wesley, b. July 25, 1824. 4, Joseph, b. Nov. 2, 1828.
Joseph Tarbox,* a descendant of a French Hugue-
not family, who spelled its name Tabeaux, was
married in Boston, about the year 1742, to Mary Bel-
cher, and removed to Biddeford, on the Saco, and
Samuel Belcher Tarbox, Esq.
108 SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
settled near the Pool, at the mouth of the river. He
raised a large family.
Eleazar, one of his sons, left for the Kennebec,
and arrived at Gardinerston, Oct. 24, 1774, and com-
menced lumbering and trading. March 4, 1781, he
married Phebe Stackpole, daughter of James Stack-
pole, who emigrated from the same place, at the same
time. In 1781, he purchased four settlers' lots of
William Barker, and raised seven sons and two
daughters.
Three of the sons, Samuel B., Nathaniel and Wil-
liam, and one daughter, Mary, now live at the home-
stead. Eleazar died in 1832, aged 80 years and 5
months, and Phebe, his wife, died April 2, 1851,
aged 92 years and 13 days. They are both buried
on the soil on which one lived fifty-one, and the
other seventy years.
ELEAZAR TARBOX,* b. Biddeford, 1752 ; m. Phoebe Stack-
pole, March 4, 1781; d. 1832; she b. 1759; d. April 2, 1851.
Children, i
I. Joseph, b. Nov. 12, 1781 ; d. March, 1804.
II. James, b. March 21, 1784 ; m. Alice Moore, Jan. 3,
1814. Children, 1, Delia B., b. Nov. 22, 1814; m. G. R. Smith,
April 10, 1836. 2, Murv Louisa, b. Aug. 28, 1816. 3, James,
Jr., b. Dec. 11, 1818 ; d. Dec. 23, 1818. 4, Julia S., b. April, 1820 ;
m. William W. Bradstreet, Jan. 12, 1848. 5, Frances E., b. March
7, 1822 ; m. Roland Fisher, Oct. _25, 1842. 6, James, Jr., b. May
5, 1824 ; m. Dolly M. Lawrence, Jan. 25, 1849. 7, Caroline IL,
b. Oct. 23, 1827. 8, George, b. Jan. 8, 1829.
IIL Zachaeiah, b. April 7, 1786; d. Aug. 7, 1817.
IV. Nathaniel, b. Oct. 12, 1788.
V. Samuel Belcher, b. May 15, 1791.
VI. Eleazar, b. April 17, 1794 ; m. Margaret C. Rollins,
March 11, 1834. Children, 1, Anna Maria, b. June 2, 1837. 2,
John E. G. b. April 24, 1843.
VIL Mary, b. Aug. 1796.
,ViII. . Julia, b. Nov. 13, 1799; m. Franklin Glazier, of Hallo-
well, Dec. 18, 1823 ; he b. April, 1799. Children, 1, Franklin, b.
April 4, 1825 ; ra. Emma J. G- Swan, March 26, 1849. 2, AVilliam
Belcher, b. June 26, 1827. 3, John, b. Nov. 9, 1830 ; d. March 5,
S. B. Tarbox, Esq.
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION. 109
1812. 4, JuUa Mary, b. Oct. 26, 1832. 5, Louisa Tarbox, b. Oct.
1, 1837. 6, Eleanor Lucy, b. May 19, 1842.
LX. WiLLLVM, b. January 10, 1804.
Fourth Generation.
Samuel Belcher Glazier, son of Franklin Jr., and Emma, b. Jan.
20, 1850. Wallace Tarbox, son of James Jr., and DoUy M. b.
Jan. 24, 1850.
James Stackpole kept the Great House, bat at
length removed to Waterville.
JAMES STACKPOLE, b. Nov. 14, 1732; m. Abiel Hill; she b.
April 29, 1737 ; came here in 1774. They were both born in
Biddeford. Children,
I. Hannah, b. Sept. 19, 1755 ; m. Andrew Goodwin ; d.
Nov. 7, 1791. ^
II. Joseph, b. Feb. 13, 1757; m. Hannah Town; d. Nov.
13, 1782.
III. Phebe, b. March 20, 1759 ; m. Eleazar Tarbox. (See
Tarbox.) •
IV. Samuel, b. May 1, 1761 ; m. PoHy Spencer.
V. Eunice, b. May 7, 1763 ; m. Ephraim Low.
VI. Abiel, b. May 4, 1765 ; m. Henry McCausland; d. 1843.
VII. Sarah, b. July 12, 1767 ; m. Wyman ; d. Dec.
25, 1801.
Vin. James, b. May 28, 1769; m. Mary McKechnie; lives in
"Waterville.
IX. Maey Anne, b. Feb. 10, 1772 ; m. Charles Dingley.
X. Elizabeth, b. July 13, 1776 ; d. 1787, drowned.
XI. John, b. Dee. 11, 1779 ; m. Patty ElHs.
Xn. JoTHAM, b. Oct. 11, 1781; m.
James' father, Dea. John Stackpole, d. Dec. 28, 1796, aged 89.
His mother, Bethiah, d. June 28, 1785, aged 76.
" The* winter of 1774-5 was remarkable for its
mildness. In the journal of Rev. Thomas Smith of
Falmouth, are the following entries : Jan. 23,
177-0, very moderate weather ; 27th, a summer day ;
28th, wonderful weather ; Feb. 7th, there has been
no snow and little rain since the 29th of Dec. ; we
saw two robins ; 11th, warm day ; 18th, cold ; 20tli^
snow, incomparable sledding ; 21st, a summer day ;
23d, a great snow storm. March 7th, the frost
* Annals of Warren.
10
110
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
seems out of the ground in the streets; 28th, it has
been a wonder of a winter so moderate and un-
freezing."
In 1774-7, Dr. Robert Taggart and his brother
John, settled about two miles from the river, where
it does not appear that the Doctor had much prac-
tice ; at any rate he did not have a very good loca-
tion. On one occasion the brother was at work in
t?ie woods with his axe when he was attacked by a
pack of wolves. He leaned his back against a tree,
. and fought them so long and so well, and laid so
p many of them dead around him that the rest retreat-
ed. Dr. Taggart died July 29, 1823. John married
Sarah McLellan."^ Both lived on the eastern side.
Dr. Taggart was favored with quite a practice at
one time. He had one Unfailing remedy in some
cases.f When ordinary means of cure failed, he
would cause a black cat to be flayed and Xvould wrap
his patient in the reeking skin. He was willing to
insure a cure after that was done.
William Barker from Lancashire, England.J reach-
-ed this country about the year 1774, and tarried a
short time in Salem, Massachusetts, and in Phipps-
burg, and arrived in Pittston, in 1775. He bought
fifteen acres of land just below the village of Gardi-
ner, April 18, 1776. He went to Dresden in 1778,
and remained until 1780, when he returned to Pitts-
ton, and settled and kept a store near William B.
Grant's. He bought one acre of land of Nath'l
Brown, together with a house and store, Oct. "18,
1781.
His store was in the gully and was kept by a Scotch-
man named Kidgeton, who left his property with Mr.
* Elijah Jackson. . f Kufus Gay, Esq.
X Mrs. Lord. Mrs. Grant. Gay, Esq. Wiscasset Records.
-4
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
Ill
Barker on the commencement of the Revolution, and
went into the British dominions.
He owned the land now owned by Arthur Berry,
John Dennis, Mrs. C. Tarbell, &c., and kept a store
until 1814. He died, August 5, 1822. Mr. Barker
was unfavorable to the movement of the colonists,
and when Arnold went up, he refused to sell nails to
make the batteaux, without double price. It is re-
lated that some of the soldiers broke into hi? store in
the night, and took what nails they wanted without
any consideration. Several anecdotes are related of
him, which not only show that he was in favor of
his King, but also that the whigs of the Revolution
had sometimes the disposition to- resort to Lynch
law. At one time Mr. Eleazar Tarbox took a bat-
teau belonging to Mr. Barker, and went down river
on an errand connected with the public service. He
returned and restored the boat to its former place,
but when the two gentlemen balanced accounts, some
years after, Mr. Tarbox was made debtor to one bat-
teau. On another occasion when Mr, Barker refused
to sell a barrel of flour for what the colonists thought
they ought to give, they broke open his store in the
night, and helped themselves. The tories of this
vicinity were so exposed in a variety of ways, that
it seems to have required at least as much fortitude
to be a tory as it did to be a whig.
WILLIAM BAKIiER,* b. Lancashire, Eng. 1734; m. Dorothy
Cooper in Eng., 1771; d. Aug. 5, 1822; she d. April 2, 1814.
Children,
I. Xaxcy, b. April 13, 1772 ; m. Peter Grant, 1791 ; (See
Grant Geneal.)
II. Elizabeth, b. Pittston, Sept. 29, 1779 ; m. Joshua Lord ;
he b. Berwick, 1766 ; d. Oct. 14, 1838 ; no Children.
*♦
At this time the troubles of the Revolution began
to demand the means of^defence against British ag-
* Mrs. Lord. Mrs. Grant.
112
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
gressioD, possessed by the people, but so poor were
the early settlers of Pittston, that they were unable to
furnish their part. They manifested their good will,
as will be seen by the following document, found in
the State Archives in Boston. They wish to give
their proportion, and ask that it may be charged to
the Plantation.
*' The Petition* of the Committee of Safety of this Plantation.
*' To the President and other Members of the Provincial Con-
gress of the Massachusetts Bay in New England, assembled at
Watertown in s'd Province : —
"Humbly Shevs^eth, that Whereas your Petitioners have formed
themselves into a body, and Coniplyed with the Resolves and
orders of the Congress, and appointed Committees of Safety, Cor-
respondence and Inspection, and as a Committee of Safety, have
Exerted our&elves to the utmost of our power in order to obtain
such a Quantity of powder as is necessary in our present situation,
but can obtain none, — We now implore your assistance, in our
Infant and defenceless state. It's with pain we Give you This
Trovible, when we know how much business of Vast Consequence
you have on your hands. But Necessity Obliges us, humbly
hop'g you will Grant us what powder you think needful for us
at this Time, out of the Colony Stock, and Charge it to this plant-
ation. And your Petitioners shall ever pray," &c.
In July 1775,f the settlers were much interested
and delighted by the appearance of a large band of
northern Indians who made Cabbassa their rendez-
vous for a short time. They were under the com-
mand of the sachem Swashan, and the white chief,
Paul Higgins, who had lived so long with them that
he was in all respects like them. They all had
their war-dresses and paint, and were ready to wreak
their old grudge against the English by joining the
Americans. Major Reuben Colburn was rejoiced at
the idea, supposing that they would afford much aid,
* Massachusetts Archives.
t Abiathar Tibbetts. Drake's Book of the Indians.
" Gardinerston, June 13th, 1775.
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION. 113
especially should there be any invasion of the Can-
adas. They numbered about 30, in all, and they
left Cabbassa for Cambridge about the first of Au-
gust, under the guidance and general command of
Reuben Colburn. Their squaws rowed them down
to Merry-meeting Bay, where they were left, and the
warriors proceeded on foot for Cambridge, at which
place they arrived Aug. 13. They offered their
services to Washington, who treated them civilly,
but would not employ their savage and unscrupulous
aid. The Indians of Maine and Canada were gen-
erally in favor of the Americans, but it does not
appear that they were ever employed, except as
guides and scouts, and that rarely..
The few scattered settlers who in that early day
dwelt on the banks of the Kennebec were startled by
an appearance as sudden as it was unusual. The
solitudes Avere peopled with strange sounds, as the
array of war appeared. Arnold's expedition, as it
was called, came up the river, on its way to (Quebec.
It was a great event then, and the enterprise nmst
always be regarded as one of the most ttrilliant of
the American Revolution. General Dearborn fur-
nished the following account of the detachmenrt : —
" The Corps destined for the Expedition to (Que-
bec, marched from Cambridge on the 13th of Sept.
1775. They consisted of two battalions of infantry
of five companies each, and three companies of rifle-
men, one from Virginia and two from. Pennsylvania,
amounting in all to eleven hundred men.
" The oflicers were as follows : — Jst Bat. Lieut.
Col. Roger Enos, of Conn. ; Major Return John
Meigs, of Conn. ; Captains Thomas Williams, Henry
Dearborn, Scott, Oliver Hanchet and William
Goodrich.
" 2d Bat. Lieut. Col. Christopher Green, of Rhode
Island ; Major Timothy Bigelow of Mass. ; Captains
10*
114 SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
Samuel Ward, Simeon Thayer, McCobb, John
Upham and Jonathan Hubbard.
"Rifle Captains : — Morgan of Virginia ; Smith and
Kendrick of Pennsylvania.
" There were several young gentlemen who ac-
companied the expedition as volunteers. Mr. Ogden
of New Jersey, who became a Colonel in the Revo-
lutionary army, Aaron Burr, afterwards a Colonel,
and Yice President of the United States. Oswald,
afterwards a Colonel of Artillery, Lieut. Frehegan,
a Danish officer, afterwards Colonel, John McGeyer
and Charles Potterfield of Virginia, and the Rev. Mr.
Spring of Newburyport, chaplain, and Dr. < Senter
of Rhode Island, surgeon.
" The army reached Newburyport on the 16th of
September; embarked on the 18th, in vessels, and
sailed on the 19th ; entered Kennebec river the 20th,
and passed up to Gardiner's Town, being that part of
Pittston where Col. Colburn lived, about two miles
below Gardiner, where the boats were built for trans-
porting the troops up the river, from above tide
water. Col. Colburn built the boats and never was
paid for them, nor have his heirs been, although they
have repeatedly petitioned Congress.*
" On the 2-Jd, the vessels reached fort Western,
now Augusta. At that place half of the troops,
with the provisions and ammunition were put into the
batteaux, and the remainder marched on the bank of
the river. On the 24th, they arrived at fort Halifax,
nearly opposite Waterville. The batteaux, provis-
ions and ammunition, were titensported over the
carrying-place at Taconic falls, by the soldiers, where
they encamped. Arrived at Skowhegan falls October
the third, and crossed a carrying-place of sixty rods.
The batteaux were there repaired, then they proceed-
* Tliey were built at Agry's Point.
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
115
ed up the river to Norridgewock falls, where they
arrived the 4th. Passed the carrying-place and ad-
vanced np the river the 6th. Arrived at Karritunk
falls on the 8th. Transported the boats, &c., &c.,
over the carrying-place of ninety -five rods, and ad-
vanced up the river three miles. On the 10th, ar-
rived at the great carrying-place, and transported the
boats and their contents of provisions and ammunition
to a pond, four miles. A blockhouse was built at
the great carrying-place. On the 12th, the whole
force marched over the great carrying- place ; crossed
the pond and came to a carrying-place of half a mile
where another blockhouse was erected, and a few
sick men left there under the care of Dr. Erving.
Thus the army proceeded from pond to pond, and
thence to Dead river. On the 16th, passed up the
river ten miles, to a carrying-place, crossed it and
encamped. On the 17th, moved up the river 15
miles and proceeded in the boats until the 26th ;
then through a succession of ponds and portages to
within four miles of Chaudiere river, where the
boats Avere left. At that place intelligence was re-
ceived, that Col. Enos who commanded the rear
division, consisting of McCobb's, Williams' and
Scott's companies, had returned down the river, and
thus abandoned the expedition.
" The army descended on the bank of the Chau-
diere river, to Point Levi, opposite dnebec, where it
arrived on the 4th of November."
The result is in history. This desperate enterprise
failed. Though forty-five days' provisions were
taken, the horrors of a northern winter obliged them
to eat dogs, moose-skin garments, moccasins, bayo-
net belts and other articles to save life. The greatest
destitutiou was in the army.
The advance of*" the troops, it has been seen, was
at Pittston on the 21st. They remained there, near
the ship-yard of Maj. Colburn, until their batteaux
116
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
were ready. On the evening of the 22cl, Maj. Meigs
lodged at Mr. North's.* Maj. Colburnj James and
Daniel Tibbetts, James P. Evans and others from
Gardinerston went up with the expedition.
So much of Dr. Senter's journal,f as relates to
Pittston is here subjoined.
" Friday, 22d. No extraordinary occurrence this
day, except our pilots running us on the shoals,
which detained us a considerable time. Passed
through a very narrow part of the river, which was
very rapid, called Hell Gate. Passed Pownalborough
ere we arrived at Gardiner's town, where a number
of battoes were preparing for our reception, after
the transports became useless. These were not quite
finished. Came to an anchor, where we tarried till
the remainder of the transports came up. Two of
which Avere drove to leeward down to Sheeps-Gup
river, so called, and came up to us by way of Towns-
end. The Broad Bay now weighed, and proceeded
up to fort Western, leaving a number of men behind
to bring up the batteaux.
" Saturday/-, 23d. Wind being unfavorable, we
were not able to arrive at fort Western last evening.
This morning I quitted the Broad Bay, and proceed-
ed up the river by land. The distance being only
five miles to fort Western, though most of the way
was destitute of any road. Arrived at fort Western
at 10 o'clock in the morning. We were now coming
to a rapid in the river, beyond which our transports
could not pass, nor could they all get up as far as
this. Most of them were left at Garden's town,
where the batteaux were built and the troops disem-
barked from them into the batteaux, except those
who were obliged to take land carriage. The bat-
* Allen's Ilis. Arnold's Ex. — Tlie old Post Office building,
t Jour, of Isaac Senter, physician and surgeon, &c. 1775.
SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATIOlSr.
117
teaiix were made of green pine boards, which ren-
dered them somewhat heavy. The troops were now
coming up to this place fast, with the batteaux,
provisions, &c. Head (Quarters were at Esq. How-
ard's, an exceeding hospitable, opulent, polite family.
" Sunday, 24th. Early this morning was called
to attend a bounded soldier, who was shot through
the body last night, by a malicious fellow belonging
to the army. The hemorrage was great inwardly,
which soon occasioned his death. From the mouth
of Cennebec river to fort Western, 46 computed
miles.
" Monday, 25th. This morning search being made
for the fellow who was imagined to be the mur-
derer, found and condemned by a court martial to
hang."
This man's name was James McCormick, and he
was turned out of a house, for being quarrelsome,
and he fired into it, and killed Reuben Bishop. This
occurrence must have taken place between Maj. Col-
burn's and Augusta. The murderer was described by
Gen. Arnold as a peaceable fellow, and he strongly
recommended him to the clemency of General Wash-
ington.*
James Winslow carried his quaker principles with
him, and refused to serve in the Revolution ; and
Jonathan was once drafted, and escaped serving,
offering as a reason, that he was educated a Q,uaker.f
James always took occasion to speak against the
efforts of the Americans, though he and his son Jon-
athan made fifty paddles for Arnold's expedition.!
He used every effort to dissuade the men of the
town from entering the contest against England,
which he declared was foolhardiness. When Arnold
* Arnold's letters, Maine Hist. Col. vol. 1, p. 357.
t Mrs. Lyon. J Ibid.
118 SETTLEMENT AND INCORPORATION.
passed up the river, many of his soldiers wore on
their caps the motto, " Liberty or Death," and Wins-
low said, " you'll all get the latter."* Without
being exactly a tory, he was evidently a prudent,
careful man, Avho thought it not best to strive against
so formidable an adversary as Great Britain. He
had " rather bear the ills we have, than fly to others
that we know not of." He did not object to the
drafting of Jonathan, but the tears of the mother
caused the boy to offer his plea of being a quaker.
The greatest fear and consternation filled the
hearts of the people of this town throughout the
Revolution. It was constantly reported and believed
that the Indians of the north were being enticed
into the English interest, and that they would short-
ly fall upon the almost defenceless settlements, and
massacre the people without mercy. Not a night
came without bringing these fears, and the poor set-
tlers were thus in constant trepidation. A military
company was organized, ammunition and arms were
kept in constant readiness, and the people resolved
to do the best they could, if attacked. Happily,
however, their fears were groundless.
It was about this time that the project of incor-
porating the plantation into a town was started, and
though the people were poor and few, a commenda-
ble zeal was manifested, until the object was accom-
plished.
* Mrs. Lyon.
CHAPTER IV.
FROM THE IXCOBPOBATIOX TO THE SEPARATION OF GARDINER FROM
PITTSTON.
Though the troubles of the Revolution, prevented
such growth and prosperity as would otherwise have
been, yet the people commenced talking in reference
to a town as early as 1776.
At this time there was scarcely a dissenting voice
to the almost unanimous Republican feeling in Pitts-
ton. Justice North was the leading man of the
town, and he was an ardent, uncompromising Whig,
and the people generally joined him. William Bar-
ker was opposed to the revolution, at heart, though
he did not often openly join the king's interest.
Fitch, who built the mills and dam, was so^ violent
that he was obliged to leave the country precipitately,
and Pollard went with him. William Gardiner,
who seems not always to have enjoyed an unclouded
reason, though at first he was inclined to the Re-
publican cause, imbibed tiie bitterness and inflexi-
bility of his father.
The citizens erected a tall Liberty Pole, in front
of the Great House,* and this was their rendezvous
whenever they wished to assemble. When the tea
was destroyed in Boston Harbor, the anti-tea feeling
took possession of men, maids and matrons, and
they were caused individually to approach the spot
consecrated to Freedom, and placing the right hand
on the tall staff, were made to swear solemnly that
Abiathar Tibbetts,
120
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
they would not buy, sell, give, drink, eat, or taste any
tea, and that they would be true to the American
cause. So far as the tea was concerned, this oath
was religiously kept, and no tea was ever used — in
public.
William Gardiner would drink tea — would not
swear allegiance to the Whig cause, but openly
reprobated the rebels, and declared for the " good
old cause." The indignation of the people was
thus aroused, and preparations were made to tar
and feather him. A large canvas was spread with
tar, the feathers were collected, and all things were
in readiness at nightfall, and in the night he was to
be taken from his bed, and the act was to be perpe-
trated. He received news of the intentions of the
people, however, and Capt. Nathaniel Berry, a good
Whig, but a friend to Mr. Gardiner, came to him
and paddled him up the Cabbassacontee, and piloted
him to the pond, on the shores of which they staid
one night, and then went to Topsham. There Mr.
Gardiner was taken prisoner, and carried to Pownal-
boro', where he had his trial, and was sent to Boston
and kept awhile in jail.*
March 15, 1778, Mr. Wm. Gardiner sent in a
petition, praying that he might be relieved, and that
his trial on the preceding September, at Pownal-
boro', might be pronounced illegal by the General
Court. He sets forth that he has spent $725 within
the last six months, that he has no money, is 188
miles from home, and that he must be relieved or
his property at Kennebec will all be wasted. He
charges Jonathan Bowman and Charles Gushing
with interested motives in procuring his condemna-
tion, and declares that Justice North was his judge
and enemy. He dates his petition in Boston ; in
confinement.!
t Mass. files of MSS.
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION. 121
He was shortly after discharged, and returned to
Pittston. He was regarded as a harmless man, and
was suffered for the most part to remain unmolested,
except by petty annoyances.
John Jones, or Black Jones,*' as he was familiar-
ly called, was the most obnoxious tory on the Ken-
nebec. He lived at Hallo well, where he kept a
small shop. The Whigs broke up his store, and
accused him of secreting tea. On one occasion they
tied a long rope to him, and dragged him through
the water until he was nearly drowned. He effected
his escape and fled to James Winsiow's. Here he
lodged all night, and in the morning Mr. Winsiow
carried him down the river. He was a most
malignant royalist, and was cordially hated by the
republicans, though he returned and settled on the
Kennebec after peace was declared.
Carpenter Winsiov/ was a little inclined to Tory-
ism, though he had the prudence to remain quiet.
Ou one occasion, however, when Jonathan was
about seventeen years of age, he said, I wish
George Washington was king,*' to which Carpenter
replied, I wish you was hanged."
In the course of the Revolution there were so
many roving parties constantly passing and repass-
ing, and the Winslows were so constantly liable to
be disturbed, that they moved from the house they
occupied, into another in the orchard back of the
house, where they remained until more peaceful
times.*
On one occasion in 1778-9, a British scouting
party of six entered the house, and demanded food.
Mrs. Winsiow said she had none cooked. They
then said " give us some bread and milk." She re-
plied that she had no bread baked. They then said,
Mrs. Jonathan "VVinslow. Mrs. Lyon, and Mr. Geo. Lyon.
1 2-2
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
" boii US hasty pudding, or we will shoot you." She
obeyed the order, and soon the yankee dish was
smoking on the board. Before they had qnite finish-
ed their repast, the party was alarmed by an un-
wonted noise without, and decamped, leaving a
silver spoon, which one had taken from his knap-
sack to eat with, and a huge iron -handled sword.
The latter is now in the possession of Mrs. Lyon^
the grand-daughler of James Winslow^ and is a ven-
erable relic of antiquity.
On the muster rolls in Boston, are recorded the
following names' of those who hailed then from
Gardinerston, Cobbisse cr Pittston, Thomas Berry,,
served three years ; Nathaniel Berry, d. 1850, aged
95; Alexander McGaiisland enlisted in 1777. and
deserted ; Zedediah Norton, enlisted for three years,,
marked " missing Frederic O'Bluffskey, 3 years ;
David Berry, 3 years ; Thomas Colburn enlisted and
deserted ; Joseph Davis enlisted and deserted : Ezra
Davis served three years ; James Door enlisted for
three years and deserted Jno. Door served three
years ; Henry McCausland, the maniac^ served three
years, d. Aug. 28, 1829, aged 70 John Smith served
three years ; Samuel Damon served three years, and
died, 1780. Besides these are the following w^ho
hailed from other places, but who have since resided
here : — Hngh Cox, d. Jan. 9, 1836, aged 75 ; Joshuai
Edwards, d. Aug. 17, 1836, aged 82; Thomas Jack-
son, (see Jackson genealogy,); Jno. Blake, d. Jan.
20, 1848, aged 90; Joseph Collins, d. Dec 6, 1848,
aged 89; Jno. Lowell, d. Nov. 17, 1848; aged 89 ;
David Mooers, d. Jan. 30, 1847, aged 89; Jedediah
Robinson, d. Nov. 1848, aged 83 ; Levi Shepard^
d. Feb. 1849, aged 86; James McCausland, d. March
14, 1826, aged^66; Samuel Berry, Theodore Tib-
betts, Ward, Dickey, Couch.*
* Masfdacluxsetts Archives,
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
123
At iength the people prayed for town privileges.
The petition for an incorporation is without date,
and was received in the Legislature, March 5, 1778,
It reads thus : — ■
" To the Honorable Council and House of Representatires of
the State of ]MassaehTisetts Bay.
" The Petition of a Number of the Freeholders asid other Inhab-
itants of the Plantation now called Gardinerston, in the county of
Lincoln, within the State aforesaid, humbly sheweth,
" That there is now more than fifty Families settled within the
said Plantation called Gardinerston, who in their present situation
Labour under many Difficulties, and are desirous of enjoying the
Priviled;fes that will arise to them by being incorporated into a
Town, (' by the name of,' erased,)
" Your Petitioners therefore pray that they may be incorporated
into a Town- (Here follow the boundaries.) And Avhereas, a Tax
^has lately been Md upon the Inhabitants of said Plantation,
wliich your Petitioners humbly concieve is more than their just
Proportion, and which they arc unable at present to pay ; and
have no proper officers in said Plantation to assess or collect the
same ; neither have they any authority to choose ajiy ; they there-
fore prayj that your Hon's would take the same into considera-
tion, and abate such a part thereof, as to your Honors shall see
meet, and youj- Petitioners as in Duty bound shall ever pray, &c."
(Signe^l,) Samuel Berry, John Door,
Joseph Xorth, John Deiii, Oliver Colburn,
Bcniar D')or, E^en Thomas, Henry Smith,
Richard Thomas, Sr., Henry McCaixsland, Joseph Burns,
^\'illiam Lusher, Gideon Gardiner, Thomas Agry,
Reuben. Colburn, Samuel Oakman, Benj. Colburn,
Heman Raffens, Dennis Jenkins, Samuel Norcrosg,
Xathaniel Cole, Samuel Norcross, Jr , Philip Norcross,
Thomas Philbrook, James Stackpole, Eleazar Tarbox,
Joseph Haley, Nathaniel Berry, Andrew Goodwin,
his
Ejioch JMoffat, Andrew + McCaalen,
mark,
Concerning John Deni, Richard and Eben Thom-
as, William Usher and Heman Raffens, I can obtain
no information. It is probable that tliey remained
here but a short time. Nathaniel Cole lived near
the stores of Messrs. J. Tarbox, Jr., and Bradstreet.
Andrew Goodwin v/orked in the mills, and then
moved to Hallowell. Enoch MoiTat lived about
from place to place. Samuel Oakman became a
v/ealthy and influential citizen, though in his old ago
124 INCORPORATfON AND SEPARATION.
he was in reduced circumstances. He has no de-
scendants here. The rest of the petitioners have
been spoken of previously. Tlie reader can thus
learn who were the first settlers of what is now
Gardiner and Pittston.
Among the Massachusetts Arcliives is a bill filed
with the Act of Incorporation, which styles ancient
Pittston —Randolph. It passed through all necessary
stages for becoming a law, except receiving the Gov-
ernor's signature. The bill, so far as it goes, is like
' the Act of Incorporation, with the exception of hav-
ing Randolph where Pittston now is. It passed its
readings, and was delivered into the hands of Hon.
John Pitt, Jan. 15, 1779. When it was brought
forward a fortnight later, it was called Pittston, after*
his Honor^ and was so incorporated.
Mr. Pitt, the namesake of the old township, was
a distinguished gentleman of his time, and repre-
sented Boston in the Legislature. He afterwards
became Justice in the Court of Common Pleas, for
Middlesex County, and died in Dunstable, November
10, 1815, aged 78.*
The town was thus incorporated, according to the
following act, being the fortieth town in the State
of Maine.
" State of Massachxtsetts Bay.
" In ye year of Our Loud One thousand seven hundred and
seventy-nine.
"An Act for incorporating the Plantation called Gardinerston,
in the County of Lincoln into a town by the name Pittston, and
for annexing certain lands in the said County to the town of Boav-
doinham.
" Whereas a number of the Inhabitants of the Plantation called
Gardinerston, in the County of Lincoln, have represented to this
Court the difficulties and inconveniences they labour under in their
present situation ; and have requested that they may be incorpor-
ated into a Town —
" Be it therefore Enacted by the Comicil and House of Pi,epre-
* Rev. m. Felt of Boston.
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
125
seatatives in General Court assembled, and by tlie authority of
the same, that the said plantation called Gardi^erston, bounded
as follows, viz : ' — beginning at the north line of the Town of
Pownalborough at Kennebeck River, and to run an East South East
Course on the said Xorth line fiA^e miles from the said River ; from
thence to run Northerly about seven miles, more or less, to the
south easterly corner of the town of Hallowell, from thence to
run West Xorth West on the south Kne of the said HalloAvell to
the said Kennebec River, and across said River, and running a
West North West course on the south line of said Hallowell, five
or six miles to Cobbiscor.te stream on the west side of the said
Kennebeck River ; from thence to run southerly down the said
stream, and as the stream runs to the first Pond, and on said
Pond or a stream to the north line of a large lot number ten
granted by the Proprietors of Kennebeck purchase to the late
William Bowdoin, Esq., deceased, from thence to run an East
South East course on the said north line of the said lot, to the
said Kennebeck River, and from thence southerly down the said
River to the Xorth line of Pownalborough aforesaid, be and
hereby is incorporated into a town by the name of Pittston and
that the inhabitants thereof be and tliey hereby are invested with
aU the Powers, Privileges and Immunities which the Inhabitants
of toMms within this State do, or may by law enjoy.
" AxD be it further Enacted that J"ame3 Howard, Esq., be, and
he hereby is impowered and directed to issue his warrant to some
principal Inhabitant of the said Town, requiring him to warn
the Inhabitants thereof to meet at such time and place as shall
therein be set forth to choose all such officers as towns are by law
required and impowered to choose in the month of Marcli, an-
nually ; at which said first meeting all the then present Inhabitants
upward of twenjy one years of age shall be admitted to vote.
And Whereas, it is expedient that certain lots of land on the
WEST side of the said Kennebeck River, which were understood to
be within the said Plantation of Gardinerston, should, untill the
further order of the General Court, be annexed to and incorpor-
ated with the ToAvn of Bowdoixiiam in the County of Lincoln
aforesaid.
Be it Enacted by the authority aforesaid that the said lots of
land hdng between the north line of said Bowdoinham, and the
Xorth line of lot numbered ten aforesaid, being numbered five,
six, seven, eight, nine and ten, respectively, and each being about
one mile wide, and running West Xoith West five miles back
from said Kennebeck River, shall be, and hereby are annexed to,
and incorporated with the town of Bowdoinham, aforesaid, and
made a part thereof; and the Inhabitants of the same, in conjunc-
tion with the other Inhabitants of the said Town are hereby
vested with all Town Privileges whatsoever, agreeable to an act
of the General Court, passed in the year one thousand seven hun-
dred and sixty-two, for incorporating the Town of Bowdoinham
aforesaid.
" Provided nevertheless, and Be it further Enacted by the
authority aforesaid, that the said lots shall be, and hereby are
11*
126
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
subjected to pay their rateable and proportionable part of all Taxes,
■which have been,hithertoo according too law laid on the said plan-
tation of Qardinei'ston, and remaining unpaid ; and also of any
further TAX, which shall be laid on the said plantation, (includ-
ing said lots) and assessed thereon before a new and general valua-
tion of Estates, throughout this State shall take place ; and before
such valuation the said lots shall not be subject to pay any part
of any Taxes on the Town of Bowdoinham aforesaid.
" And be it further Exacted by the authority aforesaid, that
the Assessors of the Town of Pittston, aforesaid, which shall be
chosen in pursuance of this Act, shall be and hereby are empow-
ered to proportion and assess according to law the aforesaid Taxes,
laid as aforesaid ; and the said Assessors, before they proceed to
execute their Office, shall be under Oath for the faithful discharge
thereof, which Oath shall be administered to them by some
Justice of the Peace, for the County of Lincoln.
"In the House of llepresentatives, Feb. 4, 1779.
•* This Bill, having been read three several times passed to be
Enacted. John Piciceking, Speaker.
"In Council, Feb. 4. 1779.
" This Bill, having had two several readings, passed to be
enacted. John Avery, D'y Sec'y.
*• Consented to by the major part of the Council."
The plantation was for a long time called Gardi-
nerston, as has been noticed, but when it was incor-
porated the inhabitants refused to consent that the
name should be continued. The reason assigned
was, that Dr. Gardiner was a refugee from his coun-
try ; and so full of the spirit of Republican Liberty
were the people, at that time that " tried men's
souls," that they would not consent that the name of
one who had arrayed himself against his native
country, and had fled from its precincts, should be
honored by giving the town, though principally his
own property, the name he bore.* It has been said
that William Pitt, having shown by his conduct in
England that he was a friend to the American col-
onies, had drawn the good will of the people of old
Gardinerston so much, that they called the town
Pittston. But, though this is a plausible hypothesis,
it is not true. It was named for the Pitt family,
* George Williamson, Esq.
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
127
which had been instramental in procuring the set-
tlement of this neighborhood, one member of which,
Hon. John Pitt, brought in the bill for incorporating
the town.
The depreciation of the currency at this period
can scarcely be realized. One dollar of specie was
worth forty of the currency. Tea was $19 a pound ;
corn $35 a bushel; molasses fl6 a gallon; W. I.
Rum $26 per gallon ; coffee $3 per pound ; salt $45
per bushel ; wheat $45 per bushel ; hay $200 per
ton, etc.
In May, 1779, there was a terrible tornado which
swept the entire State. The darkness was terrific^
and was relieved by such lightning as was never
seen before.
About this time West Gardiner was settled by
Tibbetts, James Dunlap and others.
James Dunlap,* whose father AV^as an Irishman,
was one of the first settlers there. He was famous
for the blunde rings peculiar to his nation. He was
quite a hunter, and he went to Hallowell to pro-
cure the best gunpowder he could find. He bought
a large tin pail full, and having been troubled with
damp powder, he took the pail home, and raking
out some live coals, he placed it on them, and began
to stir the contents. Unfortunately there was a small
hole in the bottom of the vessel, which had been
stopped with dough. Directly the fire ignited the
powder. Poor Mrs. Dunlap went under the bed ; the
house was blown to pieces, and Jemmy's face looked
as though it had been roasted. He was accustomed to
say, "If I had not dodged^ it would have killed me
He lived latterly about a mile below Purgatory,
bridge in a logging camp built by Benjamin Shaw.
On one occasion he had five or six children drowned
* Abiathar Tibbetts.
128
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
ill the stream at once. They were sHding on a horse
sled, and all perished together.
Seth Soper* owned 200 acres in Pittston as early
as 1780. He came here in the year 1779. His
land joined that of the Agry family.
SETH SOPERt m. Prudy ."White, 1792. Children, 1,'Lydia, b.
March 12, 1793; m. Peter Jones, 1809. 2, Joseph, b. Aug. 26,
1794. 3, Seth, b. Oct. 22, 1796. 4, John, b. Dec. 25, 1798, etc.
The winter of 1779-80, was intensely cold. Gen.
Sewall says : — " the river was frozen as far down
as Judge Hill's in Phippsburg, and the ice was suffi-
ciently strong to bear teams. That winter a mast
was hauled from Potter's Mills, through Fiddler's
Reach to Bath. The snow was over four feet deep,
and did not disappear until the latter part of April.
Casco Bay was frozen as far as the White Bull.
A variety of causes served to produce seasons of
great scarcity. The men were frequently away
from home, and the fear that the British would as-
cend the river, and injure the people, destroyed con-
fidence, and thus palsied exertion. About this time,
a number of the neighbors had planted potatoes, and
so scarce was food, that they were obliged to dig out
the seed, to eat, before it had sprouted.
In March, 1780, there was scarcely a day when
snow thawed on the roofs. May 19, was the famous
dark day. Common print could not be read, birds
retired to roost, and all was dark as night.
In the year 1781, Jonathan Blanchard and his
family removed to Pittston from Weymouth.
JONATHAN BLANCHARD,+ b. 1741, m. Elizabeth ;
she b, 1741 ; he d. 1816; she d. 1835. Children,
I. William, b. Eeb. 12, 1768, in. Deborah Hobbins. Chil-
dren, 1, Martha, b. Dec, 26, 1795. 2, Rebecca, b. March 7, 1797.
* Wis. Records.
X Capt. Jno. Blanchard.
t Town Records.
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
129
3, WiUiam, b. May 12, 1799. 4, Unel, h. March 12, 1801. 5 & 6,
George and Harriet, b. April 7, 1803. 7, Rufus, b. April. 1, 1806-
II. Asa, b. Jan. 25, 1770; d. Nov. 1849.
in. Betsey, b. Jan. 31, 1772, d. May, 1791.
IV. Lydli, b. May, 1774, ra. David Robbins, (of Augnsta.)
Y. Rebecca, b. Aug. 2, 1776, m. Joseph Graves, d. April 7,
1814.
YI. Mary, b. May 16, 1779, m. Jacob Daniels, now living in
Madbur>-, N. H.
YJI. "Anna, b. Sept. 4, 1781.
YIII. Joiix, b. Oct. 23, 1784, m. Hannah Atkins. Children, 1,
John A. b. April 3, 1814, supposed d. 2, Levi N. b. March 11,
1818, d. Mobile, January, 1836. 3, James A. b. May 31, 1821. 4,
E. Faustina, b. July 18,' 1824 ; m. Geo. S. Clark. 5, Hannah E.
b. Sept. 26, 1826, d*^. Jan. 9, 1835. 6, Harriet E. b. Oct. 8, 1830.
7, Sarah C. b. Feb. 26, 1833.
IX. Hannah, b. July 19, 1787 ; m. William Collisis, he d. ;
she lives in Massachusetts.
The first transactions of the town cannot be learn-
ed, as there are several pages absent from the first
part of the first volume of Records, including the
years 1779-80-81, and part of J 782. Matters of
interest connected with the Revohition, are thus lost ;
a fact much to be lamented. It may be interesting
to find the first existing leaf preserved. It reads as
follows : —
" Lincoln, ss. To Mr. Joseph Haley, constable of tfie Town of
Pittston, in the County of Lincoln, Greeting : —
" In the Xame of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, you are
hereby required forthwith to notify and warn the Freeholders, and
other Inhabitants of said Pittston, qualified to vote in Town affairs,,
to assemble and meet together at the Dwellinghouse of Cap'n
Henry Smith, Lm -Holder in said Pittston, on Thursday the sixth
of June, Instant, at five o'clock in the afternoon, then and there
to act on the following articles, viz : —
" 1st. To Chuse a Moderator to regulate said Meeting.
" 2d. To see what measures the Town will come into respecting
the Execution issued by the State Treasurer, against Cap'n Henry
Smith, Cap'n Nathaniel Berry and Lieut. Benjaman Colburn,
select men, of the Town the year past, for said Town's deficiency
of Four men out of Seven, Required of said Town, by a Resolve
of the General Court of said Commonwealth of Decem. 1780, for
the Contenental army.
" 3d. To act upon such measures as may be adopted in Conse-
quence of their Deliberations on the second article.
"4thly. To see if the Town will pay the Taxes now Due in
l^^and.
130
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
" 5th. If the Fourth Article shou'd pass in the Affirmative to
make such regulations as may be judged necessary Concerning the
same.
" 6thly. To Act on all such other matters and things as shall
come before said meeting.
" Hereof Fail not, and make Due returns of this Warrant with
your doings herein, at or before the Time aforesaid.
" Dated at Pittston aforesaid, the lir&t Day of June, Anno Do-
jnini, one Thousand Seven Hundred and Eighty-Two."
"Thos. Agiy, > Select
Pceuben Colbom," ) men."
*' By virtiie of this Warrant I have Warned the Freeholders and
other inhabitance to meet at the Time and place as above ordered.
Pittston, June 6th, 1782, "Joseph Haley, Constable."
*' At a meeting of the Town Inhabitance at Caj). Henry Smith's.
«' Voted, Eeuben Colburn Moderator,
*' Voted, That we will chuse a Committy to send petition to the
General Court to get our Taxes and men abeated.
Voted, William Barker, ^ The
Henry Smith, i ^^^^^^
Thomas Agry, { p ,
Reuben Colburn. j '
*' Voted, That tMs Committy hath it in their power to send a
petition or withhold it at their oath discression.
" Voted, To indemnify the Constable, And Assessors from any
Execution or Execiitions that shall com against them from the
State Treasurer respecting raising men or State Taxes.
** Marriage is intended betwix John Tagot and Sarah McLanel,
both of this Town, Nov, 23d, 1782.
^' Marriage is intended betwixt Benj'n Handy of Livermore Town,
and Lucy Tower of this town, January 22d, 1783."
The foregoing extracts are verbatim ; and it ap-
pears from them that the town furnished but three
men in the year 1781, for the army of the Revolu-
tion, though there were several, constituting a large
percentage of the population, engaged in the service.
Thomas Jackson* of Newton, went into the Rev-
okitionary army, and remained two or three years,
and came here in 1778-9, and remained a few weeks.
He returned to the army and remained until 1782,
when he came back to Pittston and settled.
THOMAS JACKSOX, b. July 2, l7ol ; m. Rachel Colburn,
Dea. Elija}i Jackson.
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
131
17S2 ; she b. Aug. 10, 1754 ; he d. Aug. 7, 1833 ; she d. Jan. IG,
lS3o. Children, 1, Thomas, b. March 26, 1785 ; m. Sarah Adams.
2, Elijah, b. June 3, 1788 ; m. Abigail Cutts.
Third Generation,
Children of Thomas, 7 ; he settled in Winthrop.
Children of Elijah, 1, Hachel, b. Sept. 9, 1811 ; m. William
Cutts. 2, Alvina, b. July 3, 1815; m. Henrv Adams. 3, Abigail
Maria, b. Sept. 1817 ; m. Samuel O. Flitner. ' 4, EHjah, b. July 13,
1821 ; ni. Elizabeth Lord. 5, Sophronia, b. June 9, 1823; m. Sam-
uel C. Flitner. 6, Marv E. b. Feb. 2, 1825. 7, George F., b. Oct.
7, 1827.
Andrew Bradstreet came in 1780, and with his
sons, Joseph and Simon,* made the most humble be-
ginnings. They worked for awhile in the mills, and
at length were able to buy one ox of a yoke. Soon,
with their earnings, they procured a few logs, and
then went up the stream, and cut more. At length
they had accumulated about two thousand five hun-
dred logs, and then they hired the mill, and began
to saw. They turned their lumber to good advant-
age, and commenced a small store at the New Mills.
Thus they laid the foundation of a competency.
They grew rich rapidly, and their descendants are
most respectable.
AXDREW BRADSTREET, t b. 1722 ; m. Mary Hill, in Bidde-
ford, Jan. 9, 1758; moved to Gardiner, 1780; d. May 1, 1804;
Mary, d. June 30, 1771. Children,
' I. Mary, b. Oct. U, 1758 ; m. David Berry. (See Berry,)
II. Andrew, b. Aug. 17, 1760 ; d. Feb. 3, 1775.
III. Susanna, b. April 19, 1763 ; m. Nathaniel Dingiey.
lY. Joseph, b. January 21, 1765 ; m. Ruth Moor, 1792 ; d.
April 23, 1835. Children, 1, WilHam, b. June 13, 1793; m.
Abigail J. Grant. 2, Mary H., b. February 12, 1795 ; m. VVm. B.
Grant. (See Grant ) 3, Harriet, b. May 9, 1799 ; d. 4, Simon, b.
Feb. 2, 1800 ; m. Abigail Clapp ; d. 5, Emily, b. Sept. 20, 1804 ;
m. George W. Bachelder. 6, Joseph, b. April 14, 1808 ; m. Laura
vStevens. 7, Caroline A., b. Nov. 1, 1811 ; m. William Stevens.
8, Charles E., b. Oct. 15, 1812; m. Abby Smith. 9, Andrew, b.
Dec. 4, 1817 ; d.
* Abiathar Tibbetts.
t Joseph, William and John A. Bradstreet, Esqrs.
INCORPORATION AND SP^PARATION.
V. SmoN, b. May 29, 1768; m. Lydia NicoU; d. Oct. 11,
1844. Children, 1, John A., b. Oct. 21,1805. 2, Simon O., b.
Oct. 21, 1807; d. ¥.eh. 22, 1812. 3, Sarah Belcher Nicoll, b.
March 29, 1809. 4, Mary Hill Wingate, b. Oct. 8, 1810. 5, Lydia
Ann Jackson, b. April 27, 1812. 6, Simon Oscar, b. February 25,
1814; d. 1838. 7, Malvina, b. April 7, 1816 ; d. May 20, 1821. 8,
Frances Olney, b. March 24, 1818; d. Jan, 4, 1823. 9, Harriet
Louisa, b. Oct. 3, 1819: m. Geo. C. Codman. 10, Frances Mal-
vina, b. Nov. 8, 1821 ; m. William S. ChadAvell.
YL Sakah, b. June 14, J771 ; d. Oct. 29, 1775.
yn. Sally, b. March 11, 1775 ; drowned, Oct. 22, 1779.
YIII. Anna Hays, b. July 29, 1777 ; m. Elwell, and af-
terwards Pray.
IX. Rebecca Andrews, b. July 30, 1779 ; m. Jas, Purring-
ton and afterwards Richard Clay. (See Clay.)
X. Olive, b. April 23, 1781 ; m. R. Clay. (See Clay.)
XL Sally, b. Feb. 11, 1784 ; m. Wilham Norton.
Fourth Generation.
Children of William and Abigail J. Bradstreet. 1, William W.
m. Julia S. Tarbox. 2, Harriet E. 3, Peter G. 4, Ann G.
(Samuel G., Catharine I. and Isabella I. d.)
Children of Simon and Abigail Bradstreet. 1, Henry B., m.
Frances Mason. 2, Joseph H.
Children of George W. and Emily Bachelder. 1. Charles Eu-
gene, b. Sept. 9, 1830. 2, Georgiana A. b. Dec. 31, 1831. 3, Lucy
M. b. Feb. 23, 1836 ; d. Nov. 3, 1840. 4, George B. b. March 31,
1843 ; d. May 19, 1843. 5, & 6, G. T. & WilHam H., b. April 24,
1847 ; G. T. d. Sept. 20, 1848.
Children of Joseph and Laura Bradstreet. 1, Caroline, d. 2,
David Neal. 3, Joseph Stevens. 4, Frederic T. 5 & 6, Lucy and
Frank, (twins.)
Child of Wm. and Caroline A. Stevens. 1, Henrietta.
Children of Charles E, and Abby Bradstreet. 1, Charles E.
2, George W. 3, Delia A. 4, Orlando W. 5, Caroline A. 6,
Frederic G. 7, Marie Antionette G.
DAVID YOUNG,* came here in 1781; m. Elizabeth .
Children,
I. David, b. July 24, 1779 ; m. SaUy Colburn, 1802. Chil-
dren, 1, William, b. September 8, 1803; m. 2, Joseph, b. June
14, 1805; m. 3, Martha, b. May 17, 1812; m. 4, Westley, d.
April 5, 1821. 5, David, m. 6, Eliza, m. 7, Westley, 2d.
II. Betsey, b. March 18, 1781; m. Abiathar Kendall, 1800.
Children, 11, 1, William, b. Oct. 5, 1800. 2, David, b. July
27, 1802.
III. Aaron, b. May 12, 1783; m. PoUy Colburn. Chil-
dren, 11.
* Town Rec. Mr. & Mrs. Stephen Young.
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
133
IV. Abigail, b. Jan, 30, 1785; m. James Johnson; Children,
10.
V. Ell, b. Feb. 26, 1787; m. Eleanor Blenn; d. Feb. 15,
1839 ; childi-en, 7.
YI. Joseph, b. January 29, 1789 ; in. Eliza Hatch. Children,
1, Nancy, b. June 5, 1811. 2, Caroline, b. July 11, 1814-
YII. ' JoAXXA, b. Feb. 5, 1791; m. Eliakim Scammon ; chil-
dren, 6.
Yin. JoxATHAx, b. May 31, 1793 ; m. Polly Norris ; children, 4.
IX. Dudley, Id. April 26, 1795 ; m. Rebecca Reed. One
child, Rebecca.
X. STEPHE>r, b. March 21, 1797; m. Mary Smyth; 2d wife
Betsey Jewett. One cliild, Stephen J., b. Nov. 7, 1839.
XI. John, b. Aug. 22, 1799 ; m. Emma Freeman ; children, 6.
XII. Maky, b. March 22, 1802 ; m. Zenas Hatch ; children, 7.
The New Mills originated eight or ten years after
the settlement of the town. Dr. Gardiner, through
his son William, caused a mill to be erected there,
and after a few years it had decayed so that it was
taken down. Gen. Dearborn erected another, and
Joseph Bradstreet hired it of him. This was called
the "New Mill."
EDWARD FULLER,* b. 1745 ; came in 1781 ; m. Mary
; d. July 9, 1831. ChHdren,
1. Abigail, b. Aug. 26, 1773.
II. Olite, b. Jan. 6, 1778.
III. Catharixe, b. July 16, 1780.
lY. Edward, b. June 17, 1783 ; m. Liberty Williams, 1808.
Y. Allex, b. 4pril 23, 1786.
YI. Thomas, b. Feb. 29, 1789.
YII. Samuel, b. June 15, 1792.
Yin. Fkaxcis, b. Feb. 1, 1793.
IX. Charles S., b. Feb. 2, 1796-
June 6, 1782, at a meeting convened at ''the
dwellinghouse of Henry Smith, Innholder," Reuben
Colburn was chosen moderator, and William Barker,
Henry Smith, Thomas Agry and Reuben Colburn
were elected a committee to petition the General
Court to abate the town taxes, and excuse them from
furnishing four men to the Continental army, agree-
* Edward Fuller.
12
134
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
able to a resolve of the General Court passed in Dec.
1780. The selectmen for this year, who had been
prosecuted by the State Treasurer for neglecting
to comply with the State resolve, were Captain
Henry Smith, Capt. Nathaniel Berry and Lieut. Ben-
jamin Colburn. The committee had it placed with-
in their discretion whether to petition or not.
The first list of Town Officers in the Records,
which are somewhat dilapidated, is as follows : —
William Barker, Town Clerk ; Wm. Wilkin s was
clerk in 1782 ; Thomas Agry, Seth Soper, and Sam-
uel Berry, Selectmen and Assessors ; Henry Smith,
Constable ; Samuel Oakman, Town Treasurer ; Na-
thaniel Bailey and Thomas Town, Tithingmen ;
Silas Clark, Reuben Colburn, Edward Fuller and
Samuel Berry, Highway Surveyors ; Joseph Haley
and Oliver Colburn, Fence viewers and Field driv-
ers ; Israel Davis and Samuel Norcross, Hog reeves ;
David Young, Andrew Bradstreet, Samuel Berry,
Eleazar Tarbox, Thomas Town, David Philbrook
and David Lawrence, Surveyors ; Seth Soper, Seal-
er of Leather. These are for the year 1783.
SAMUEL GRANT,* b. Berwick, April,- 1740; d. Clinton,
Aug. 13, 1805.
His son, PETER GRANT, b. Berwick, Feb. 1770 ; m. Nancy
Barker, Sept. 1791 ; d. June 10, 1836. Children,
I. William B., b. May 3, 1792 ; m. Mary Bradstreet, Nov.
20, 1815. Children, 1, William B., Jr., b. Sept. 20, 1816 ; m. Cath-
arine Babson, Oct. 21, 1841. 2, Mary D., b. Aug. 4, 1818; m.
Barker A. Neal, April 8, 1851. 3, Elizabeth L., b. April" 3, 1822 ;
m. Henry Washburn, Feb. 14, 1843.
II. Samuel Clinton, b. March 25, 1797 ; m. Elizabeth
Frances Vaughan, youngest daughter of Benjamin Yaughan,
March 2, 1820. Children, 1, Ellen, b. Jan. 19, 1821 ; m, John
Otis, Aug. 21, 1848. 2, Olivia Buckminster, b, March 2, 1823 ;
in. George Bacon, Sept. 24, 1845. 3, William Sullivan, b. Feb,
18, 1825 ; m. Betsey L. Josselyn, Jan. 24, 1848 ; she d. March,
1849. 4, Horace, b, June 11, 1827 ; d. March 6, 1832. 5, Louisa
* William B., Peter, William S. Grant, Mrs. Farnham, &c.
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION. 135
L., b. June 28, 1830; m. Alfred Gilmore, Nov. 19, 1850. 6,
Franklin, b. June 11, 1833.
III. Elizabeth, b. April 23, 1799; m. Arthur Berry, May
18, 1828; no cliildren ; d. April 16, 1832.
IV. Abby J., b. Sept. 28, 1794; m. William Bradstreet,
June 2, 1816. (See Bradstreet.)
Y. Ann, b. March, 15, 1801 ; d. June 23, 1808.
YI. Peteb, b. Feb. 26, 1806; m. Margaret Swan, June 3,
1835 ; m. 2d vQfe, Ye?ta Capen, June, 1844. Cliildren, 1, Francis
S., b. May 4, 1836 ; drowned, June 17, 1843. 2, Peter, Jr., b. Feb.
23, 1838. 3, Catharine, b. Dec. 2, 1839 ; d. July 18, 1850. 4,
Marsjaret P., b. Feb. 26, 1842. 5, Isanna C, b. June 15, 1845.
6, \Villiam, b. April 8, 1847 ; d. Sept. 10, 1847. 7, George B., b.
Dec. 21, 1849.
YII. Catharine Ann, b. April 22, 1808 ; m. Orrin Farnham,
Nov. 10, 1836. Children, 1, Anna E., b. Sept. 19, 1837. 2, Wil-
liam G., b. Dec. 24, 1838 ; d. July 11, 1846.
Yin. Ellen, b. Feb. 12, 1811 ; d. Dec. 8, 1812.
IX. Thomas Alexander, b. Feb. 25, 1814; d. Feb. 17, 1852.
Fifth Generation from Samuel.
Children of William B. Jr. and Catharine Grant. 1, George
Hacket, b. Sept. 5, 1842 ; d. Sept. 5, 1847. 2, Thomas Barker,
b. April 1, 1845. 3, Hai-riet B., b. March 10, 1851.
Children of Henry and Harriet B. Washhurn. 1, Adelia Grant,
b. Nov. 1, 1844. 2, Mary Francis, b. Dec. 13, 1847. 3, Fenwick
3kliraetta, b. Aug. 29, 18 50 ; d. July 8, 1851.
Children of John and Ellen Otis. 1, Samuel Grant, b. May 23,
1849. 2, iMary, b. March 1, 1851.
Children of George and Olivia B. Bacon. 1, Horace G., b. July
1, 1846. 2, Olivia, b. Dec. 2, 1847. 3, Francis William, b. Oct.
2, 1849.
Children of William S. and Betsey L. Grant. 1, Samuel Clinton,
b. Nov. 16, 1849.
Children of Alfred and Louisa L. Gilmore. Alfred, b. Nov. 4,
1851.
Capt. Samuel Grant,* father of Peter Grant, liv-
ed at Berwick, Maine, previous to the Revolution,
and entered the army of the United States as a Lieu-
tenant, at the beginning of the war. He fought at
the battle of Bunker's Hill, and was afterwards pro-
moted to be a Captain. At the close of the war, he
came to Gardiner and afterwards removed to Yassal-
borough, a!id began the farm known as the Reding-
* Samuel C. Grant, Esq.
136
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
ton farm, and was a member of the Convention in
Massachusetts, to ratify the Constitution of the Unit-
ed States. He afterwards removed to Clinton, and
began the first lumbering on the Sabasticook river,
and furnished the first masts for the frigate Constitu-
tion, then building in Boston.
Many of his old soldiers followed him, and kept
up a strong attachment and intimacy until his death.
He died at Clinton at the age of 65 years, and was
buried in the church-yard at Gardiner. He worked
in a saw-mill at Saco, with the late Gov. Sullivan,
at the time he received an injury on his leg Avhich
induced him to study law."
ICHABOD PLAISTED, b. Oct. 2, 1763 ; came to Pittston in
1783 ; m. Charity Church in 1793; she was b. Ang. 7, 1770; 2d
wife, Elizabeth Leighton ; b. Feb. 2, 1787 ; he d. March 11, 1836 ;
Charity d. Oct. 1804. Chilcken,
I. AViLLiAM, b. Jixly 13, 1794; d. Oct. 1804.
II. IcHABOD, Jr., b. March 31, 1796; m. Charlotte Lane,
1829 ; d. Jan. 21, 1831, a clergyman in Rochester, Mass. He grad-
uated at Brunswick, 1821, the first grad. from Gardiner.
III. John, b. Jan. 24, 1798 ; m. Nancy Clay, 1823. Children,
1, James Jerone, b. Dec. 15, 1824 ; d. Nov. 20, 1831. 2, Emeline
Clay, b. Feb. 23, 1827. 3, Winslow Church, b. Aug. 19, 1829 ; d.
Feb. 11, 1851. 4, James Jerone, b. Nov. 14, 1831. 5, Ichabod,
b. Feb. 8, 1834. 6, John Macomber, b. Jiily 28, 1836. 7, Char-
lotte L., b. Oct. 1, 1838. 8, Georgiana, b. March 5, 1841 ; d. 1842.
9, Richard Clay, b. Aug. 24, 1843. 10, Samuel Roger, b. June 25,
1850.
IV. James, b. Nov. 24, 1799 ; d. Aug. 1836.
Y. Samuel, b. November 24,1801; v^. Mary Jane Appleton.
Cliildren, 1, Aaron Appleton. 2, James Hamilton. 3, Florence.
VI. Eben, b. July 6, 1803 ; d. Aug. 27, 1817.
VII. Chakity, b. March 31, 1807 ; m. John Moore. Children,
1, Juliett, d. 2, Elizabeth. 3, John. 4, James. 5, William. 6,
George. 7, Gustavus. 8, Sarah F.
VIII. Elizabeth, b. Dec. 2, 1808 ; m. Ezra Sanborn.
IX. Mary, b. Sept. 25, 1810 ; m. "William Jackins. Childi-en,
1, Margaret. 2, William.
X. George, b. March 11, 1813; m. Fanny Jackins. Children,
1, George Ichabod, b. 1837. 2, Christopher, b. 1839. 3, Roscoe
M. b. 1847.
XL William, b. April 17, 1815; m. Sarah Muzzey. ChiJclren,
1, William P. 2, Sarah Elizabeth. 3, Frances. 4, "Mary.
XIL Eben, b. Oct. 23, 1818; d. Sept. 14, 1845; m. Hannah F.
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
137
Farrington. Children, 1, Harriet Frances, b. 1844. 2, Emma
Rosabel, b. 1846.
Xm. Francis A., b. Jan. 2, 1829 ; m. Thankful P. Ridley.
One child.
Note. — Three brothers came to America from England, very
early. Samuel settled in Salem, John in Portsmouth, and Ichabod
in Berwick. John m. OHve Pickering, purchased a large tract of
laud in Berwick, and was great-grand- father of Ichabod who
settled here. He hadran only son, Elisha P., who married Hannah
Wheelwright. The youngest son of Elisha, was "William P., who
married Jane Hight, 1752. Ichabod was his son.*
LEONARD COOPER.t b. 1757 ; came in 1783 ; d. Feb. 26, 1831 ;
m. Elizabeth . Children, 1. Mary, b. Dec. 21, 1784. 11.
Hexrt, b. Oct. 9, 1786. III. Sarah, b. Sept. 10, 1787. IV.
LEON.VRD, b. June 22, 1789. V. Betsey, b. April 22, 1792. VI.
& Vn. Kaxcy & Peter, b. May 31, 1795. VIII. Susanna, b.
March 24, 1797. IX. Hannah, b. Feb, 9, 1799. X. & XI. Car-
pLiss & Julia, b. Feb. 5, 1801.
JONATHAN JEWETT,j Jedediah's. brother, came in 1783;
m. Hannah ; 2d wile, Elizabeth Breed, m. 1808. Children,
I. John, b. Feb. 1, 1801. II. Elizabeth, b. Mai'ch 8, 1803; and
others.
BTJRNHAM CLARK,^ came in 1783 ; m. Mary Greely; he d.
Aug. 16, 1830. Children, I. Burnham, b. March, 17, 1788 ; m.
Mary-Davis, 1808. II. Jonathan, b. May 2, 1791. III. Mary,
b. Nov. 20, 1793. IV. Hannah, b, June 26, 1797. V. Pamela,
b. Sept. 6, 1799. VI. Louisa, b. Feb. 12, 1804.
Benjamin Shaw|| kept a public house in Roxbury,
and in the time of the RevoUition he became inter-
ested in some Salt-works in Brunswick. About that
time he commenced running a vessel to the Kenne-
bec, and at length he consented to a proposition from
William Gardiner, that he should remove to Pittston
and keep the Great House. He came in 1783. He
removed to Augusta in 1788-9, and carried on a tan-
nery about a year. He then returned and lived in
the Great House. In 1790 he removed to the New
Mills and carried on a saw-mill, and a store. He
* John and George Plaisted. t Town Records. % Ibid.
§ Ibid. 11 Benj. Shaw, Esq.
12*
138
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
remained there six or seven years, and then located
at the Great House. In 1799, he went into a store
at the outlet of the Cabbassa pond. In 1803, the
family removed to the latter place. There he was
taken sick with the numb palsy, which lasted twelve
years, when he died.
BENJAMIN SHAW,* b. Weymouth, March 2, 1752 ; m. Mar-
garet Gregg; she b. May 2, 1754; d. March 27, 1813. Children,
I. Chkistiana, b. Dec. 31, 1780 ; d. May 10, 1828.
11. Benjamin, b. Sept. 30, 1785 ; m. Jane Wilson, Aug. 30,
1807. Children, 1, Harriet, b. July 23, 1808 ; ra. Edward Swan,
(see Swan.) 2, Benjamin, Jr., b. March 10, 1810; m. Mary T.
Perkins, 1st wife ; 2d wife, Harriet Savels. 3, Margaret, b. Oct.
3, 1815; m. Thomas Swan; 2d hus. Albert Lovejoy. 3, Horace,
b. Nov. 20, 1829.
ni. Susan, b. June 9, 1788 ; m. Edward Swan, (see Swan.)
IV. Robert, b. July 31, 1791 ; Avent to sea, and never heard
from.
V. Geokge, b. March 27, 1793; m. Amelia Hyde; she b.
Aug. 29, 1789 ; d. Oct. 2, 1844 ; 2d wife, Rebecca Gould. Chil-
dren, 1st wife, 1, Robert Y., b. Jan. 24, 1817. 2, Anne Maria, b.
March 18, 1819; m. Wm. H. Taylor of Bangor. 3, Susan Amelia,
b. Feb. 1, 1821 ; d. August 4, 1840. 4, Mary Abby, b. Sept. 6,
1823 ; m. Cyrus K. Bodhsh. 5, James Henry, b. Feb. 18, 1827 ;
d.^Nov. 9, 1832. 6, Frederic R., b. March 19, 1828. 7, Harriet
Ellen, b. June 12, 1829.
Fo urth Gene r ation .
Children of Benjamin, Jr., and Mary L. Shaw. 1, Mary. 2,
Joanna B.
Children of William H. Taylor and Anne Maria. 1, xinne Ham-
mond. 2, Susan Shaw. 3, An Infant.
Children of Cyrus K. Bodfish. 1, Amelia Hyde. 2, Charles
Edward.
ROGER and MARTHA LAPHAM,t he b. 1746; came in
1784 ; d. July 16, 1830. Children, 1, Mary, b. Aug. 3, 1779; m.
David White, 1803. 2. Martha, b. Jan. 22, 1782. 3, Lydia, b.
Feb. 9, 1784. 4, James, b. June 4, 1786. 5, Isaac, b. January 17,
1789. 6, Judah W. b. Jan. 17, 1791. 7, Hannah, b. Nov. 12,
1793. 8, Roger, b. April 6, 1796.
March 24, 1784, an act was passed by Massachu-
setts, declaring that the act of 1778, passed to pre-
* Bonj. Shaw, Es^. George Shaw.
t Town Records.
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION. 139
vent the return of refugees, should be repealed, and
that all who had fled to Great Britain, and who had
not taken up arms or loaned money to Great Britain
to carry on the war, might return.' The notorious
ones mentioned in 1779 must not. The others
might return, if licensed by government, until the
Legislature assembled, and granted naturalization.
All lands not confiscated were subject to their
claim, provided they were not mentioned in the act
of 1778, if they claimed it within three years. Any
deed was valid in law, if made to any citizen of the
United States.
Stephen Jewett* came in the year 1784, from
Plopkinton, N. H., where he was born in the year
1763. He died in 1 829.
The prices which prevailed in 1785, may be learn-
ed from the day-book kept by Maj. Seth Gay, and
now in possession of his family. Then coffee was
25 cents per pound ; honey, 20 cents ; vinegar, 33
cents per gallon ; candles, 20 cents per pound ; rum,
25 cents per quart ; tea, 75 cents per pound ; tobacco,
17 cents per pound ; chocolate, 28 cents ; shingles,
^1,33, per M. ; salt, 83 cents per bushel; silk, 8 cents
per skein ; turnips, 33 cents per bushel; cinnamon,
23 cents per oz. ; potatoes, 33 cents per bushel ;
writing paper, 25 cents per quire ; corn, 67 cents per
bushel ; wool, 25 cents per pound ; cider, 25 cents
a gallon ; pork, 12 cents per pound ; beans, $1,33 per
bushel ; stockings, 90 cents per pair ; butter, 17 cents
per pound. In looking over the day-books of that
early period, we cannot avoid seeing why so many
farms were lost by the settlers. A large number of
-the charges against the most of them, are for rum,
tobacco, cider and snuff.
In April, 1785, three feet of snow fell.
* Mrs. Charles Tarbell, his daughter.
140
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
General Dearborn removed to Pittston in 1784-5.
Henry Dearborn, son of Simon, a physician of New-
Hampshire, was born in Hampton, N. H., Feb. 23,
1751, the youngest of twelve children. He re-
ceived an excellent school education, and finished
his medical education under Dr. Hall Jackson, of
Portsmouth. He was settled at Nottingham Square,
near Exeter, in 1772, and on the commencement of
the Revolution he left his medical practice and his
native place, and joined Stark's regiment as Captain,
and he marched to the Battle of Bunker Hill.*
He afterwards became Assistant Commissary General
under Col. Pickering. As is elsewhere related, he
was with Arnold's expedition from Cambridge to
(Quebec, and he underwent those trials which befell
the daring men who engaged in that most brilliant un-
dertaking of the Revolution. He served eight years
in the Revolution, and suffered privations of every
description. He received praises from Washington,
Gates and Sullivan, and now stands as one of the
most brilliant in that bright array that adorns the Gold-
en Age of America. In 1785 he purchased a large
tract of land in Monmouth, and selected that part of
Pittston which is now Gardiner for his residence.!
He was delighted with the situation when he passed
it in 1775, and hastened to this place as soon as
peace was declared. The house he occupied stood
near the Gardiner Bank, and there^ were a few
* Captain Dearborn's company being in front, he marched by
the side of Col. Stark, who, moving with a ver}"- deliberate pace,
Dearborn suggested to him the propriety of quickening the march
of the regiment, that it might sooner he relieved from a galling
cross-fire of the enemy. With a look peculiar to himself, he lixed
his eyes on Dearborn and observed with perfect composure,
" Dearborn, one fresh man in action is worth ten fatigued ones,"
and continued to advance in the same cool and collected manner."
— Dearborn's Biog. by Charles Coffin.
t Gen. H. A. S. Dearborn, MS. Com.
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
141
acres of land attached, which he purchased of Wil-
liam Gardiner, Esq., the holder of the area of the
town. In 1790 he became Marshall, and in 1796,
Maj. General. Hefe he resided until his appointment
as Secretary of War in 1801, Avhen he removed to
Washington, D. C. In 1793, he was elected to
Congress from the Kennebec district, and he held
the office during two sessions. He was not elected
a third time because he opposed Jay's treaty. On
the accession of Thomas Jefferson to the Presidency
he appointed General Dearborn Secretary of War,
and he filled that office with as much honor as it
ever was filled. He became collector of Boston,
and in 1812 he accepted the command of the north-
ern army. Under his discipline arose that brilliant
constellation which has since shone so brightly from
the lurid firmament of War, — Taylor, Scott, Ripley,
Gaines, Wool and others. At the lakes he was
attacked with the lake fever, and while he was sick,
General Armstrong, Secretary of War, removed him,
from political considerations. When Mr. Madison
became aware of the reasons he appointed him com-
mander-in-chief of the great army which was to
have been composed of 30,000 men, and to have
gone against Q,uebec. In the year 1822 he was
appointed Minister to Portugal.
He died in Roxbury, June 6, 1829, aged seventy-
nine years. He was essentially a military states-
man, and a man of varied talents and attainments,
a pure writer, one of the most honest and patriotic
men of the Revolution, and one of the truly great
men of America. Charles Coffin, his biographer,
says of him : — "General Dearborn was stout and
active, six feet full in height, strong, and in middle
age not too much encumbered with flesh in after
life his flesh rather increased. He was exactly fitted
for the toils, fatigues, and pomp of war. His coun-
tenance and whole person was dignified and com-
142
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
manding. His weight was considerably above 200.
His mind was solid and comprehensive, which en-
titled him to the highest military stations. There
was a loftiness in his character which forbade resort
to intrigue and hypocrisy, in the accomplishment
of his views, and he rejected the contemptible
practice of disparaging others to exalt himself He
was beneficent to his friends, bnt reserved and cold
towards those whose correctness in moral principles
became doubtful in his mind." Besides his son,
mentioned frequently in this volume, he left a
step-daughter, Mrs. Dorcas Parker, a most worthy and
intelligent woman, who furnished much aid in com-
piling this work.
Henry Alexander Scammel Dearborn, was born
in Exeter, N. H., March 3, 1783. He informed me
that his father removed to Pittston when he was one
year old, and that he, the son, continued to re-
side here until he left for school and college. He
spent two years at Williams college, Massachusetts,
and graduated at William and Mary's, Va. He stud-
ied law three years in 6ne of the southern States, and
one year with Judge Story in Salem. He applied
for a foreign diplomatic office, on completing his
legal studies, but was dissuaded from persevering in
that course by Mr. Jefferson. He practised law in
Salem and Portland, but relinquished the profession
from great distaste, tie afterwards superintended
the erection of the forts in Portland harbor, and on
the appointment of his father to the comm"and of the
northern army, he was made collector of the port of
Boston.* In 1807, he married Hannah, daughter of
*■ " His father, on bemf^ appointed Collector of Boston, appoint-
ed his son his deputy. When President Madison nrii;ed Gen. Dear-
born to assume the command of the army, he declined on account
of his age, and pecuniary situation. — His whole life havhig been
devoted to the public service, Mr. Madison as an inducement for
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION. 143
William R. Lee, of Salem, who survives him, with
two sons and one daughter. He continued Collector
of Boston, until 1829. In 1812, he commanded the
troops in Boston Harbor. In 1821, he was member
of the convention for revising the constitution of
Massachusetts, and in 1830, he was a representative
to the Legislature of Massachusetts, from Roxbury,
and in 1831, he was a member of the Executive
Council. In 1832, he was Representative in Con-
gress, and in 1835, he was appointed to the office of
Adjutant General of Massachusetts, which office he
held until 1843. In 1847, he became Mayor of
Roxbury, which office he held when he died, in
Portland, July 29th, 1851, while visiting his chil-
dren, aged 68 years.
General Dearborn was deservedly one of the most
popular men in New England. The offices Avhich
he held, afford proof of the great confidence repcsed
in him, but they do not proclaim his real worth. He
was a man of most untiripg industry, and one whose
exertions were all for human welfare. He labored
in all good enterprises with an industry and a warm-
heaited zeal which were rarely equalled. He was
one of the earliest and most active of the originators
of the Bunker Hill Monument, and aided in setting
forward every internal improvement. The great
Hoosac Tunnel was started from his fruitful mind.
In the language of Dr. Putnam, Mt. Auburn owes
its beauty to him, next to God, while Forest Hills
Cemetery, Roxbury, was mainly arranged by his
hand, which seemed acquainted with every tree
him to submit to the sacrifice, appointed his son to succeed him
as Collector, which office he retained until he was thrust out by
Gen. Jackson. — The office was rich in emoluments, and General
Dearborn might have laid up an ample fortune ; but he never wor-
siiipped INIammon ; his house was the abode of hospitality, and
every private and public enterprise received his patronage." — From
an Obituary notice.
t4 INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
atld plant. Says Dr. Putnam in his eloquent eu-
logy : —
His thought stands expressed in the beauty,
and abundance, and tastefulness, of innumerable
fields, and groves, and gardens. There are traces of
his spirit in the private nooks, and along the public
roadsides of the country ; and there are thousands,
who may never speak his name, who, yet, uncon-
sciously, follow his teachings and copy his ideas, in
the flowers, and the trees, — that engage their leisure,
; and adorn their homes, and delight their eyes."
He published several works ; The Commerce and
Navigation of the Black Sea, 3 vols. 8vo ; Letters
on the Internal Improvement and Commerce of the
West, 120 pp ; Life of the Apostle Elliot ; and a
large number of able essays on a great variety of
subjects, which he freely scattered in various period-
icals. He left in Manuscript, a life of Christ, beau-
tifully written ; Life of Bainbridge ; his father's
Biography ; Volumes on Architecture ; Political
Economy ; etc., amounting in all to a hundred vols.
% These, together with the great improvements which
he introduced in Agriculture, and Horticulture, and
the quiet, useful life he passed, entitle him to the
admiration and affectionate remembrance of pos-
terity.* His labors have benefited mankind, and
his actions, having been
"just,
Smell sweet, and blossom in tlie dust."
From the settlement down as late as 1790, the
civil affairs of the plantation and town were in a
loose state. There seemed to be no restraining or
* "He, as much, as any man, perhaps more than any one man,
has put in train those agencies which have introduced to the
knowledge and love of all classes of our people this greatly ex-
tended variety both, of the useful and the ornamental products of
the ground, to promote a taste for them, and to teach the method
of their culture." — Dr. Putnam,
* INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION. 145
governing power exercised, and it was impossible to
collect a debt, or obtain justice. The lawless fre-
quently had it all their own way. On the removal
of General Dearborn to this place, things assumed a
new and better state. His superior will and ac-
knowledged worth, and dignity of manners, as well
as his commission as a justice of the peace, soon
commanded the respect of all, and gradually he be-
came the umpire, the tribunal, and disputes and
troubles were settled by him. His decisions were
respected and generally enforced. There stood a
whipping-post* back of the Great House, near the
spot now occupied by the Town House, over which
many a sturdy and unruly varlet has been placed,
against whom the old General had recorded sentence.
Benj. Shaw was usually the arresting constable, and
Col. John Nichols, the constable, was the one who
laid on the lashes. The post was a " windlass gal-
lows" used for slaughtering cattle. Mr. Shaw was a
very strong man, and most of the culprits knew his
strength. Whenever he wished to arrest, he only
found it necessary to send a token of his desire, and
this was usually a "jack-knife." Yery few were
they who failed to follow it back to its master, when-
ever it summoned them to appear.
To this rule must be excepted the rents which
were owed the proprietor. Whether it was because
lands were cheap elsewhere, and the settlers thought
the rents exorbitant, or not, Wm. Gardiner could
scarcely succeed in obtaining his dues, and it was
not until the present proprietor came into possession,
that the lessees and occupants of mills and lands
were compelled to pay or leave. f
At this time there were but few people inhabiting
what is now Gardiner and Pittston.
* Benj. Shaw, Esq. flbid. Abiathar Tibbetts. Eufus Gay, Esq.
13
146 INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
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148
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
Samuel Marssen,
David "Berry,
Thomas Berry,
Peletiah Warren,
John Webber, Jr.,
Noah Webber,
Ezekiel Webber,
Richard DollofF,
Jonah Brown,
William Lyford,
Elijah Robinson,
Nathaniel Kimball,
Caleb Kimball,
Bartholomew Pollard,
Elijah Pollard,
Ithiel Gordon,
Philip Roach,
Jona. Winslow,
Joseph Galusha,
Carpenter Winslow,
Foster,
James Flagg,
John Elliot,
David Wetmore,
James Boise,
John Goodwin,
Boston,
John Gray,
Daniel Hilton,
Abraham Southard,
John Nason,
Joseph Pall.
Charles Quincy,
In the year 1785 the inhabitants spoken of in the
above tax list lived as follows: — William Gardiner
was never married, and boarded generally when
here, at the Great House. Henry Smith first occu-
pied a small house in General Dearborn's garden, on
land now occupied by the stores of Messrs. Grant,
Dennis, etc., he then removed to the eastern side of
the river, where he for many years kept a tavern.
The McCauslands occupied the elegant sites now
owned by Messrs. Evans, Kimball, Allen, etc. Sam-
uel Grant came from Yassalboro', and settled near
where the Saw-mills are. Benaiah Door lived on
Plaisted Hill. Samuel Berry, who was usually
called Lieutenant, lived on the Plaisted Hill. Elea-
ZAR Tarbox lived where his descendants now dwell.
Joseph Burns settled a few rods from William
Bradstreet's. R. E. Nason was on Plaisted Hill ;
he was captain of the first military company, and
was succeeded by Maj. Seth Gay. William Bar-
ker lived near where William B. Grant's house now
is. Andrew Bradstreet was near the mouth of the'
Cabbassa stream. Benjamin Shaw was in the
Great House and at Ncav Mills. General Dear-
born lived in a house built by Messrs. Byram &
Dingley. It stood near the Hays^ales, and was
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION. 149
afterwards occupied by Hon. Parker Sheldon, and
at length became a cooper's shop. It has now-
passed away. Samuel Norcross lived where Mr.
R. H. Gardiner's farm house now stands. Ezekiel
Pollard lived a little below the steam mill. Wm.
WiLKiNs was the school teacher, and went all
about, having his habitation with the parents of his
pupils. John Sylvester lived in what was called
the " Scotch House," the cellar of which may be
seejii near the residence of Mr. John Dennis.
Sherebiah Town was the miller. Simeon Good-
win lived at New Mills, and soon removed to Purga-
tory. Enoch Moffat lived on the Gardiner side
but a short time and removed. Gardiner Williams
died in a year or two. Noah Nason was a brother
to R. E. and was concerned in the mills. Allen
Door died in the American service. Nathaniel
B. DiNGLEF, a house carpenter, soon removed to
Winslow. The others did not settle permanently.
It is believed that the foregoing persons were the
only heads of families then resident within the
present limits of Gardiner.
Within the limits of what is now Pittston there
were rather more people. Joh7i Laio lived at
Law's cove, near the lower meeting-house in Pitts-
ton. Gideon Gardiner, who was a cousin of Wm.,
kept a hotel on " the Neck" in Boston, through the
Revolution. His house stood where now Mrs.
(Smith,) Stevens resides. James Winslow dwelt
very near the Hallowell line, where is now a two
story brick house. Jonathan Blanchard dwelt
about opposite Bowman's Point. Seth Soper was
below the village in Coburntown. Reuben Col-
burn, Benjamin Colburn, Samuel Oakman and
Oliver Colburn, were in near proximity, about two
miles below the ferry. Thomas Jackson settled
near Maj. Smith, as did Roger Lapham. The
Agreys lived on Agrey Point, near Nahumkeag
13*
150 INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
stream. Nathaniel Bailey and Ahner Mason lived
near the Nahumkeag. Samuel Dudley^ Silas
Clark, David Young, Samuel Palmer, Burnham
Clark, Moses Dudley, Leonard Cooper, John
Bailey and David Philhrook, were at Eastern River
Plantation, or East Pittston. Jonathan Jewett lived
on Beech Hill.
Major Colburn was elected to attend the Falmouth
Convention, which was holden in 1.786, to determine
whether the province of Maine should become a dis-
tinct State.
A Representative, (Major Colburn,) having been
chosen to the General Court, in 1786, "Col. Dear-
born, Capt. Oakman and Capt. Henry Smith," were
chosen a committee to instruct him.
The following year, a singular vote was passed : —
''That Capt. Henry Smith. William Wilkins and
Silas Clark be to Orator (audit) the. Selectmen's ac-
counts.*' The road from Eastern river to the Kenne-
bec, which had been laid out but a short time, was
accepted this year.
In 1787 the Town raised the sum of £120, 10s.,
which ought to have been raised in the year I 782,
and a committee was chosen to wait on Jonathan
Bowman, Esq. in order to stay an execution in favor
of the State, for the delinquency. At the same time
Charles Dudley was chosen delegate to a Convention
to be holden in Boston, January, 1788.
It is supposed that some one offered to present the
town with a meeting-house frame, for March 4, 1789,
it was voted " not to have the Meeting-house Fraim
on gift." April 6, it was voted that "the Town-
house now raised near Major Colburn's, shall be the
property of this Town, and that the owners thereof
after this day relinquisheth to said Town all their
right and title therein, without fee^ or reward," and
in 1790, £20 were voted to finish the building.
William and Moses Springer, brothers, and James,
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
151
their cousin, were of German descent, and came to
Pittston from Franklin, Hancock county, in 1786.
They settled in Pittston, on the eastern side, and
engaged in ship-building in " Springer's ship-yard,"
near Agry's Point. In 1795, they removed to Bow-
man's Point.
mLLIAM SPRINGER, b. Nov. 29, 1754, m. Mary Norcross,
b, 1762, d. 18^8 ; and Betsey Jewett.
Children of first wife : —
I. Mary, b. Oct. 17, 1782; d. 1839; m. Levi Palmer, and
Geo. Lilly. Children by 1st husband. 1, Arabella, d. young.
2, William, b. March 31, 1808 ; m. Ann M. Noyes. 3, Mary S. b.
1811 ; m. Winship Lilly. 4, Dr. Gideon S., b. June 14, 1814. 5,
Franklin, died yoxmg.
IL William, b. June 15, 1784, d. 1802, in Jamaica,
in. JoAXNA, b. Feb. 7, 1786 ; m. Gideon Stinson, and Jno.
GQmore. Children, 1, Gideon Green, m. Martha Fullerton and
Hannah Goodwin. By 2d hus. 1, Mary, d. 2, Pamela, m. William
Potter. 3, John. 4, Hannah, m. Ephraim Fullerton. 5, Jane.
6, Sarah.
IV. SusAX, b. July 26, 1787 ; d. 1835.
V. Nancy, b. March 13, 1791; d. 1851 ; m. John Goodwin.
Children, 1, John A.; m. Sarah Kean. 2, Mary. 3, Oscar. 4,
Greenleaf. 5 & 6, Hannah and Edwin. 7, William. 8 and 9,
Charles and George. 10, Eugene A. 11, Thomas.
\X Hannah, b. July 10, 1797 ; d. 1819.
Vn. Pamela, b. Dec. 3, 1800; m. James Blenn, and Jesse Har-
riman. Children by 1st hus., 1, William, m. Sarah Crocker. 2,
Edmund. 3, Mary.
Children of 2d wife : —
Vin. Elizabeth, b. Nov. 24, 1809 ; m. Geo. Snow. Children,
l,Geo. H. b. 1831. 2, Fred. VV. b. 1833. 3, M. Ellen, b. 1838. 4,
Albert, b. 1840. 5, Edwin H. b. 1850.
IX. William, b. Aug. 17, 1811 ; ra. Martha Carter. Children,
1, Louisa, b. 1838. 2, Julia, b. 1846.
X. Ellen, b. April 27, 1813, m. Geo. ERis. Children, 1,
Warren, b. 1839. 2, ArabeUa T. b. 1840.
XI. Harriet, b. July 17, 1816 ; m. William Perry. Children,
1, Anna E., b. 1834. 2, WHliam, b. 1847.
Fourth Generation.
Children of William and Ann M. Palmer. 1, Charles F. b. July
23, 1842. 2, William Cass, b. Sept. 13, 1844. 3, Mary Lilly, b.
Sept 28, 1846; d. Dec. 24, 1851. 4, Louisa Maria, b. March 13,
1849. 5, Mary, b. May 21, 1851.
Children of G. G Stinson. 1, Jane Ellen, by 1st wife.
152 INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
Children of WilKam and Pamela Potter. 1, Jane M. 2, Edwin.
3, William. 4, John G. 5, Ellen M.
Children of J. A. Goodwin. 1, Charles. 2, Anne S.
Children of Ephraim Fullerton and Hannah Gilmore. 1, George.
2, Mary.
Children of William Blenn and Sarah Crocker, 1, Mary E. 2,
James W. 3, Almira.
MOSES SPRINGER, b. Oct. 17, 1767; m. Susan Norcross,
June 10, 1793; d. Oct. 24, 1832. She b. May 10, 1769 ; d. Oct. 3,
1842. Their children,
I. Jacob, b. April 12, 1794 ; d. in Havanna, May 30, 1821.
II. Moses, b. Jan. 24, 1796; m. Matilda Lawrence, Sept. 16,
1821. Matilda d. Dec. 6, 1839. 2d wife, Eliza Harden. Children,
1, Charles E. 2, Caroline Matilda. 3, Harriet L. 4, Ellen Maria.
5, Francis A.
III. & IV. Eliza & Sophia, b. March 11, 1798. Eliza m.
Nathaniel Kenniston. Cliildren, 1, Sophia, m. David Perry. 2,
Louisa, m. Jason Collins. 3, Julia, m. Freeman Trott. 4, Jacob
S., m. Rachel Bailey. 5, Susan S. 6, Caroline, d. 7, Mary.
Sophia, m. Richard Eastman. Children, 1, Ann E. 2, Edwin.
3, Frances.
V. Julia, b. Feb. 18, 1800, m. Harvey Gay, no issue.
YI. Susan, b. Dec. 4, 1801, m. Wm. S. Robinson, and d.,Nov.
25, 1829. Children, 1, Mary Ann. 2, Abigail. 3, William S.
YIL Samuel, b. June 25, 1803 ; m. Sarah N. Clay. Children,
1, Olive. 2, George. 3, Henrietta.
VIII. Mary, b. Oct. 31, 1804; m. Ezekiel Waterhouse. Chil-
dren, 1, Lucy Ann. 2, Albert S. ; m. Lydia Mudget. 3, Ella.
4, George.
IX. William N. b. Nov. 6, 1806 ; m. Climena Moore and Han-
nah Sturgess. Children, 1, Luella. 2, Frederic. 3, Julia. 4,
Anna. 5, Another.
X. Albert, b. Aug. 19, 1808 ; d. March 25, 1826.
XI. Addison T. b. Nov. 1, 1810.
XIL JoHN,b. Oct. 22, 1812 ; d. Aug. 21, 1825.
XIII. George A. b. May 15, 1815; m. Anne E. Gray. 4 chil-
dren.
Fourth Generation.
Children of David and Sophia Perry, 1, Francis D. 2.
Child of Jason and Louisa Collins, Anna Augusta.
Child of Freeman and Julia Trott, Charles Freeman.
Child of Jacob S. and Rachel Kenniston, Caroline.
JAMES SPRINGER, m. Mary Lemont. Children, 1, Rachel,
d. 2, James, d. 3, Benjamin, m. Mary A. Ballard, and d. ; 2
chil., l,^Mavy F. 2, Laura A. B. 4, Sarah, d. 5, William, d.
6, Mary, d. 7, Harriet, d. 8, Samuel, d.
By the tax-list of 1787, it appears that tlie fol-
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
153
lowing persons, not previously mentioned, had enter-
ed the town between 1785 and that year, : —
Mark Whidden, Joseph Blodgett, James Dudley,
Joshua Reed, Ebenezer Blodgett, Scribner Moody,
David Bliss, Elisha Prescott, Jonathan Piper,
Wm. Peatt, Eli Andrews, Brackett Towle,
John Clarke, Wm. Bachelder, Jeremiah Moody.
Henry Qviincy, J. C. Gookin,
March 13, 1787, there were five feet of snow in
the woods.
'^n* the year 1787-9," writes Gen. H. A. S.
Dearborn, " there was a small grist-mill at the end
of the dam on the southern side of Cobbossee-contee
stream, and above it was a house where Mr. Town
the miller lived. Opposite the end of the present
bridge was a one story building where a Mr. Piper
lived. The next two houses were Mr. Gardiner's
and my father's, and on the bank of the river south
there was a house in which Major Seth Gay lived
and kept a store. In the cove below, Mr. Barker
had a house and store, and a half a mile south was
a little hut, and below another in which a man
named Pollard lived, and on the bank of the river,
southerly, Avas Mr. Eleazar Tarbox's house, and
there was but one other above Swan Island, which
was at the Brown farm. Mr. Gardiner owned a
farm house, where he died, on the hill, south-west-
erly from his residence on Water St., (where now
Bernard Esmond lives.) At the dam, a mile above
the mouth of Cobbossee stream, was a double saw-
mill, and a small house, in which resided the fam-
ilies of two of the McCauslands ; and one other hut.
There were a few houses on Cobbossee-contee
pond, but none between the dam and the pond, on
the banks of the stream. North of Cobbossee
stream was a saw-mill, and near it a house in which
Gen. H. A. S. Dearborn s MS.
154 INCORPORATfON AND SEPARATION.
a Mr. Moor lived and died. Above was the house
of Capt. Bradstreet. On the hill, over which the
road to Monmouth passes, were two houses, the first
occupied by a Mr. Door, and the second by Pelatiah
Warren, and there was no other between it and
Monmouth, but Barker's at the Rips, at the outlet of
Winthrop pond. A Mr. Door lived in a hut near
where Doctor Parker last resided, and above was
Charles McCausland's house. A mile above was
Church's house and farm, and but one other south
of the " hook," now Yaughan's wharf, Hallowell,
which was Capt. Smith's, below the cove on the
bank of the river.
" On the east side of the river above the ferry
landing, was a house in which Mr. Warren lived,
near where Robert Hallowell, Esq. built a house,
and passed many summers, (now occupied by Mrs.
Stevens, daughter of Maj. Smith.)
" At Tog us dam there was a mill and a house
where David Philbrook lived. Law had a hut in
the cove below the mouth of Togus Stream, and
Capt. Henry Smith's house was half a mile lower
on the river. Then Col. Colburn's and next Capt.
Agry's> on the Point, at the mouth of Nahumkiek
stream. Above the ferryway was one hut, in which
a man lived called Governor Hatch.
" At the period to which I refer, there Avas a very
imperfect and circuitous road from Gardiner to Hal-
lowell, which passed over Plaisted Hill, in the rear
of Church's house. The road on ihe bank of the
river was later made, and a bridge built below the
dam, but there was one before, across the stream at
Bradstreet's house, above the mill pond. There was
no road on the west side of the river, but a short
distance below Mr. Tarbox's house, and no mode of
reaching Brunswick by land, but by crossing the
ferry at Gardiner, and going down on the east side
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
155
of the river, to the Narrows above Bath, where there
was a ferry.
" Major Seth Gay built the first wharf, and Gen.
Dearborn established the ferry in 1786. He was
accustomed, as were others, to draw a seine around
the mouth of Cobbossee, and incredible numbers
of shad, herring, salmon and sturgeon, were taken
every spring.
" The first farm ever cleared was on the east side
of the river, on the road to the Meadows, on Warro-
montogus stream, by Ebenezer Byram and Major
Seth Gay. Others on Beech Hill were made at
about the same time.
At that time there was plenty of white and red oak
timber on both sides erf the river, and large quanti-
ties were shipped to England. There was also very
fine spruce, pine and ash, from Avhich rafters, oars,
&c., were made, and shipped to Boston. There was
also plenty of cord wood, hemlock bark, shingles,
clapboards, laths, heading, &c., all obtained in Pitts-
ton. All the shores of the ponds and streams west
were well wooded, and mill logs, and timber in large
quantities came down to the ' New Mill.' "
The first brick-kiln Avas in the rear of Gei)# Dear-
born's.
In 1787 the road was accepted, from Recoe's
Meadow to Spring Meadow, striking the river a
little south of Capt. Henry Smith's.
The snow came very early in the autumn of
1785, and continued to fall so that the ground did
not freeze hard. Teams were able to pass in any
direction until the last of April, 1786, and yet
plowing commenced very early in May.
Ebenezer Byram was employed by General Dear-
born to come from Bridgewater and build his house.
Accordingly he came and entered into copartner-
ship with N. B. Dingley, who came here before
him.
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
EBENEZER BYRAM,* came in 1786 ; m. Margaret Gay, sister
of Seth and Rufus ; she b. May, 1764 ; d. Sept. 16, 1828 ; he b.
Bridgewater, Mass., Dec. 5, 1754 ; d. Nov. 27, 1832. Children,
I. Harriet, b. Jan. 12, 1790 ; m. John Haseltine. Children,
1, Wm. B. b. 1816 ; m. Isabel E. Francis, June, 1848, she d. 1848.
2, Jno. H. b. 1818 ; m. Maria 3, Harriet Jewett, b. 1820,
d. 1836. 4, Charles E. b. 1823. 5, James E. b. 1825. 6, Margaret
A. b. 1827.
II. Charles L. b. Mav 29, 1792 ; unm.
III. William Henry, b. Aug 29, 1794 ; d. July 12, 1800.
IV. Ebenezer Gay, b. May 6, 1796 ; m. Isanna Capen.
Children, 1, Edward. 2, Isabella.
V. James Rufus, b. March 3, 1799 ; m. Mrs. Eunice (Lin-
coln,) Walton, no issue.
VL William Henry, b. May 10, 1801 ; m. Susan Haselton.
Children, 1, Eliza, b. 1841. 2, Harriet, b. 1844. 3, Harry H.,
b. 1847.
VII. Mary Augusta, b. Feb. 19, 1803 ; unm.
VIII. Samuel Haskell, b. May 27, 1805 ; d. 1812.
JOHN BARKER,+ came in 1786 ; m. Lydia ; d. May
17, 1814. Children,
I. John, b. April 25, 1789. II. Clark, b. January 27, 1792.
III. William, b. Sept. 17, 1794. IV. Mary, b. Sept. 2, 1797.
V. Isaac, b. November 1, 1800. VI. Gideon, b. April 7, 1803.
VII. Oliver, b. June 25, 1805.
SETH GAY,§ son of William, b. Dedham, April 7, 1762 ;
moved to Pittston, 1786; m. Elizabeth Hoogs; she b. April,
1768 ; d. July 10, 1849 ; he d. Jan. 30, 1851. Children,
I. Betsey, b. Newton, April 26, 1785 ; d. Oct. 13, 1811.
II. Thomas, b. Pittston, Jan. 2, 1787.
III. Nancy, b. Sept. 24, 1788; d. Dec. 14, 1811.
* Nicholas Byramf was the son of an English gentleman who
removed to Ireland when his son was young. The father sent the
son when he was 16, to visit his friends in England. The man
who carried him, robbed him, and sent him to the West Indies,
where he was sold to service, to pay his passage. When his time
expired, he went to America, and settled in Weymouth, Mass. He
m. Susanna D. Shaw, and had several children. In 1660, he bought
land in Bridgewater, and d. in 1688. His son, Capt. Nicholas, m.
Mary D. Edson, and they were the first members of the first church
in E. Bridgewater, Both d. in 1727- Dr. Joseph was one of their
sons, and he m. Martha D. Perkins. Their son Joseph, m. Mary
D. Bowditch, and Ebenezer -was one of their children.
t Mitchell's Hist, of Bridgewater. Wm. II. and Mary A. Byram.
X Town Records.
§ Thomas, Charles, George, William R., and James Gay.
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
U7
IV. Myra, "b. June 13, 1790 ; m. John Moore.
Y. Sallt, b. April 2, 1792.
TI. Seth, b. Feb. 1, 1794; m. Matilda Oakman, ISU ; cL
Sept. 8, 1844.
VIL Mart M., b. March 29, 1796,
YILL William Uvfub., b. March 14, 1798.
IX. George B., b. July 7, 1800 ; m. Sophronia Stevens.
One child, George Lewis, b. March 21, 1830.
X. Charles, b. June 22, 1803 ; m. Almira Stevens. One
child, Charles Martel, b- Jan- 30^ 1839, 2d wife;, Martha W.
Perkins. Children, 1, William Perkins, b, Dec- 5, 1845, 2, Johim.
Bentlev Fuller, b. Oct. 29, 1847. 3, Margaret Lewis, b. April
25, ISo'l.
XI. James, b. July 9, 1805; ra. Jane M. Lemmon. Children,
L, Jaraes Frederic, b, July 1^31. 2, Sarah Jane, b. Dec. 17,
1833. 3, Georgianna, b. Feb. 20., M36, 4,, Josephine, b, Sept.
22, 1837. 5, EUen Thorndike, b. Bee. 26, 1839; d. March 4, 1840.
6, Elizabeth Virginia, b. March 2, 1844.
XIL Mahg^uiei Lewis, b. August 16, 1808 ; hl. vCharles
Branch.
BUFrS GAY,* son of WilHam, b. Dedham, July 19, 1770;
-moved to Pittston in 1786 ; m. Mary Marble, Jan. 12, 1800; she
b, Newburyport, Feb. 26, 1771 ; d. Sept. 30, 1839. Children,
I. Laura Matilda, b, Dec. 8, 1800 ; m. John Brazer Davis,
Oct 25, 1826; d. Mav 23, 1534, One child, John, b. August 25,
1832; d. Aug. 21, 1833.
II. Dorcas Parker, b. Oct. 16, 1802,
III. Olive, b. Dec. 30, 1804 ; m. Rev. Henry Aiken, Worces-
ter, Aug. 26, 1836; he b. Sept. 25, 1802 ; d. May 24, 1841. Chil-
dren, 1, Heniy Parker, b. Oct. 15, 1839. 2, Mary Olivia, b, Oct. 17,
1841.
IV. RuFTJS Marble, b. Oct. 21,
EErBEX MOORE,t removed hei^e in' 1787, and d. May, 1804;
his wife Elsie , b. 1762 ; d. Feb. 12, 1847, leaving 61 grand-
children, and 40 great-grandchildren.
I. Bathsheba, b. Vassalboro', Dec. 9, 1779. IL John, b.
Vassalboro', July 2, 1781. IIL Jerusha, b. Vassalboro', Aug.
27. 1785 ; m, Maltiah Lawrence. IV. Reuben, b. Vassalboro',
June 2, 1787. V- Alice, b. Pittston, April 23, 1789. VI,
Charles, b. May 29, 1791. VII. Robert Hallowell, b. Feb.
10, 1793. Yin. William, b. August 9, 1794. IX. James
Parker, b. Oct. 28, 1795. X. George, b. Oct. 24, 1797. XL
Samuel, b. Dec. 5, 1798. XIL Henry, b. June 24, 1800. XIII
Climexa, b. Xov. 30, 1803.
* Thomas Gay.
H
t Town Records,
158 INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
JEDEDIATI JEWETT,* came in 1787; m. Naomi ; he
d. Jan. 23, 1823 ; she d. Feb. 26, 1805. Chil. I. Enoch. II.
Moody. III. Charles, b. March 7, 1787. IV. Harriet, b.
Sept. 1, 1791. Y. William, d. March 4, 1799. VI. Sarah
Farley, d. June 25, 1804.
DANIEL JEWETT,t b. 1765 ; came in 1787; m. Betsey Tar-
box ; he d. 1834. Children,
I. MarthA; b. Dec. 28, 1791 ; m. George WilKamson. Chil-
dren, 1, Helen. 2, Emily. 3, Mary.
II. Betsey, b. July 22, 1793; m. Stephen Young. (See
Young.)
III. George, b. July 17, 1795 ; m. Anne Eaton; she d. Jan.
10, 1830. 2d wife» Hannah Emery. Children, 1, Anne Virginia.
2, George F. 3, James E.
IV. John, b. April 17, 1798; m. Harriet Clark. Children, 1,
Isabella, m. Warren Turner. 2, Sophronia. 3, John.
V. James, b. March 10, 1800 ; d. 1823.
VI. Albert G. b. Nov. 27, 1802 ; m. Hannah Wilson. Child,
Vn. Daniel T., m. Sarah Wilson. Child, Daniel.
DAVID MOOKKtcame ia 1787; m. Meribah Chil.
I. Tristam, b. December 12, 1781; m. Susanna Marson, 1805^;
n. Thomas, b. March 1, 1784 ; m. Mary Atkins, 1808. III. Da-
vid, b. April 16, 1786 ; m. Dolly Jackins. IV. James, b. June 21,
1788; m. Olive Taylor, 1810. V. AnxNA, b. July 22, 1790; d.
April 13, 1795. VI. Sarah, b. Sept. 11, 1791 ; d. Jan. 4, 1795.
VII. William, b. Dec. 12, 1793. VIII. Robert, b. Jan. 29,
1796. IX. Susanna, b. June 2, 1799. X. John, b. Aug. 3,
1801.
DOMINICUS WAKEFIELD,§ came in 1787; m. Martha
Door; she b, 1768; d. 1847. Children, 1, James, b. Sept. 8,
1788. 2, Jeremiah, b. May 3, 1791. 3, Daniel Haselton, b.
March 29, 1795. 4, Sarah, b. January 19, 1797. 5, Daminicua
and 6, Eunice, b. April 18, 1799. 7, Henry, b. S©pt. 18, 1801.
8, Annis, b. Dec. 24, 1803. 9, Betsey, b. March 29, 18Q5.
DAVID DUNHAM,[l came in 1788; m. Hannah .
Children, 1, David, b. Nov. 23, 1784. 2. Gershom, b. April 5,
1786 ; d. May 10, 1786. 3, Stephen, b. May 3, 1787. 4, Henry
D., b. April 1, 1791. 5, Patty, b. Aug. 3, 1793 ; d. July 9, 1795.
6, Samuel, b. Oct, 18, 1795. 7, Harriet, b. May 28, 1799.
* Town Records.
t Town Records. George and John Jewett, Esqrs.
X Town Records. § Ibid. || Ibid,
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
159
The next Tax List is dated 1789, and presents
the following additional names of persons who came
of age, or removed to Pittston between 1787 and
1789, who have not been already mentioned.
In 1791 the road was accepted from Dudley's
Mill to the river, and in 1794 the one from Leonard
Cooper's to the "head of Tide-waters at Frankfort."
The spring of 1791 was made memorable by the
most remarkable freshet ever known. The banks
of the river Avere almost entirely swept, and the
country was left a wreck. It is well remembered
that a canoe was paddled into the kitchen of the
Great House, and that bread was taken from the
oven into the canoe. A similar freshet now would
raise the water about three feet on the sign post of
the Gardiner Hotel. :
There was a Avild, insane creature who lived on
the banks of the Cabbassa-contee, and also form-
erly, in the family of Jedediah Jewett, who called
herself the Q^ueen of Sheba, but whose name was
Richardson. Rarely has the world seen a happier
person. She fancied the 'whole world her own,
and wherever her temporary abiding place was, she
* Born 1757, married Elizabeth Hanscom. Died April 6, 1851.
Samuel Eastman,
Joseph Pulsifer,
Walker,
Barzillai Gannett,
James Mason,
David Locke,
James Judkins,
Samuel Lang,
Jeremiah Wakefield, *
Nichols,
Benoni Hunt,
John Nichols,
John Foster,
Mattocks,
Jona. Oldham,
E,ichard Kimball,
Christopher Jackins,
George Stanley,
James Kinsman,
Alexander McAllister,
Francis Knight,
Ebenezer Pratt,
Thomas Owens,
Tliomas Ward,
William Blodgett,
Levi Shephard.
Samuel Jones,
Stephens,
160 INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
deemed herself "monarch of all she surveyed." Oti
one occasion, when the Supreme Court held a ses-
sion in Hallowell, in 1794, the Q,ueen of Sheba
entered,* " her head ws uncovered, and her face
haggard and bronzed by exposure. Her eyes were
wild, but piercing, beaming with conscious majesty
and high command. She advanced rapidly to the
Judges' seat, and had actually got in among them.
The presiding Judge^ alarmed and amazed, called for
the interference of the sheriff, while she, nothing
daunted, insisted that she was only taking her proper
place."
Those who came in between 1789 and 1791,
were,
Ebenezer Thomas,
Abiel Pitts,
Joshua Little,
Jona. Moody,
Andrew Harlow,
Joua. Redman^
LeightoEB,
Hubbard Eastmaiij,
Seth Fitch,
David Blair,
Daniel Evans,
Bolton Fish,
Samuel Little,
Peter Lord,
Asa Moore,
For those who permanently settled here, between
1791 and the date of the separation of Gardiner from
Pittston, the reader is referred to the Tax lists of
that date, published on subsequent pages.
A pound was wanted on the eastern side of the
river, in 1790, and it was decided to give Eli An-
drews five pounds, fifteen shillings to build said
pound, as large, as strong and as compleat in every
respect, as the pound is at Oobacyconty, Iron Hinges
and a good Lock and Kea." £10 were raised in
Kobert Shirley,
Timothy Clark,
Isaac Hatch,
Jere. Dudley,
John North,
John Butl&r,
Allen Landers,
Charles Witherell,
Eichard Davis,
Elijah Clarke,
Edward Palmer,
Thomas Palmer,
Anna Palmer,
James Pickard.
* Kennebec Journal.
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION. 161
1791. toward finishing the meeting-house. The town
meetings which were held at the hotel of Henry-
Smith, up to the year 1791, were at the meeting-
house thereafter. May 16. 1791, the question was
taken, whether Maine should become a separate State,
and there were 45 yeas and 5 nays, in Pittston.
The same question was tried in ] 793, and there were
23 yeas and one nay.
The same year the small pox prevailed badly, and
Gol. Norcross' house was the pest house. The
people voted that it was not expedient to inoculate
for the disease.
Much discussion arose in the year 1793, concern-
ing the route for the road from Worromontogus to
Hallowell, and Capt. Samuel Oakraan having written
and published an article in favor of the old route, it
was voted to transmit the article to the Court of
Sessions at Pownalboro' as the sense of the town.
This year Reuben Colburn was sent as a delegate to
Portland, to take into account the propriety of separ-
ating from Massachusetts.
The value then placed on fish may be gathered
from the fact that in 1794 a bill was found against
Gardiner, by the grand jury, for neglecting to provide
a fish committee.
MALTLIH LA^\^lEXCE,* came in the spring of 1792, from
Falmouth. He m. Jerusha Moore, and commenced a blacksmith's
shop where William Palmer's store now is. He was alone before
Col. Stone came, and then was in partnership with him fifteen
years. He followed his business here forty years. He was b.
1770. GMldren,
I. Matilda, b. 1801 ; m. Moses Springer, Esq. Children,
1, Charles. 2, Caroline. 3, Louisa. 4, Ellen. 5, Francis As-
bury.
II. JoHX, b. 1803 ; m. Jane Neal, sister to Dr. Neal. Chil-
dren, 1, Emeline. 2, Maltiah. 3, Sarah J.
* Maltiah Lawrence.
14*
162
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
III. Myra, b. 1805 ; d. Dec. 1851 ; m. James Macomher of
Bangor. Cliildi"en, 1, Frank. 2, Loring. 3, Frances.
IV. Reuben M., m. Mary Smith. Children, 1, Charles. 2,
Mary E.
V. Sarah A., unm.
VI. Elizabeth, m. Thomas Seavey. Children, 1, William..
2, Margaret. 3, Harriet. 4, Ellen. 5, Fredeiic, d.
Vn. Caroline, m. Charles Osgood, (deceased.)
VIII. Harriet, m. Albion P. Bviffum.
IX. Sylvanus N., b. 1827.
The only mode of traveling at this time, was the
primitive method of going on foot, or on horseback.
The first wheel carriage was a venerable chaise,
already outlawed by Fashion in Boston, brought
here by Mr. Hallowell.* It was one of the first
chaises invented, and was called by the owner the
parish chaise, for the appropriate reason that the
whole parish borrowed it. This was about 1789 or
90. When Gen. Dearborn returned from Congress
the first time, he brought a Philadelphia wagon
with him, which was the wonder of all the boys
in town, though there was not more than a mile
of road where it could run.f Then the mail was
carried on horseback to Portland through Mon-
mouth. The road to Monmouth was improved
very much about this time. Mr. Shaw soon bought
a carriage| of Joseph Lamson, which the latter
brought from Exeter. The widow Anna Marshall
removed to Bowman's Point in the spring of 1799,
and she brought her family in a two wheeled cov-
ered carriage<§» which she ht and used for a long
time. She kept a house of entertainment, with a
ship for a sign board. Her children were Benjamin,
William, Enoch and Betsey. In 1806, Mr. Rufus
Gayll brought the first new chaise into the town, for
which he paid $135.
* R. Gay, Esq. f Ibid. & B. Shaw, Esq. + B. Shaw, Esq.
§ Enoch Marshall. ' i| II. Gay, Esq.
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION. 163
III 1794, liouis Philip, afterwards king of France,
and Talleyrand, who were in exile, visited Pitts-
ton, and remained several days. Rufus Gay relates,
that on returning from church, which was held in the
Great House, that year, he found them at Gen. Dear-
born's, and that his brother Seth shook hands with
them, and that he saw them both repeatedly. Some
have denied that the French king was ever here, but
there can be no doubt of it. While they were at Mr.
Vaughan's, at Hallowell, Talleyrand went out fishing
one day in Yaughan's brook and fell in, where the
water was deep and swift. A little boy was with
him, and he reached him his fishing pole, and helped
him out. The crafty old French statesman could
usually work his way out of trouble.
There was a heavy frost about the middle of May,
1794, which nearly destroyed fruit, berries, nuts, &c.
In October, 1793, a snow storm came, and covered the
potatoes several inches deep. It remained for several
days, and the weather was so cold as to freeze the
river. The snow protected the potatoes, so that they
were not injured. June 16, 1795, a great frost cut
down all vegetation.
" William Swan,* Esq. settled in Groton, Mass.,
about the year 1774, was engaged in trade, which
business he was subsequently compelled to relin-
quish by reason of the peculiar state of the currency
of the country, its rapid decline in value having
proved ruinous to many persons. In 1777, he was
one of a company of volunteers which marched from
Groton to Saratoga, to assist in the capture of Gen,
Burgoyne and his army ; they arrived at Saratoga,
about the time of the surrender, and did not have it
in their power therefore to render any very signal ser-
vice ; it was however a tedious and laborious march,
* Com. by Maj. Edward S^yan.
164
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
owing to the bad state of the roads, traveling on
foot about 400 miles, the whole service occupying
about six weeks, during which time there fell much
rain and snow. At one time, as Assistant, he dis-
charged the duties of Clerk of the Courts in Middle-
sex county, which situation he resigned, against the
advice of his friends ; he was an active magistrate in
the County of Middlesex, from 1790 to the time of
his removal into Maine, and afterwards, in the Coun-
ty of Kennebec for many years, having had cogni-.
zance in all of more than 3000 cases. He removed
from Groton in Aug. 1794, first settled in Maine at
Otisfield in the County of Cumberland, from whence
he removed to this place, March, 1796. While re-
siding here, he was several years one of the wardens
of what is now Christ's Church, and selectman and
assessor of the town. He removed to Winslow, in
1806, and was elected and served as a member of the
convention which framed the (present) Constitution
of Maine. He was always a firm supporter of the
Constitution and laws of his country and of all relig-
ious, moral and educational institutions, which he
deemed important for the well being of society. He
was a man of great integrity and uniformity of
character."
WILLIAM SWAN * b. Boston, 1746 ; a descendant in the
fourth, generation from Dr. Thomas Swan, who was graduated
at Harvard, 1689 ; m. 1776, in Groton, Mass. to Mercy Porter ; d.
Winslow, 1835 ; Mercy d. 1815. Children,
I. Sarah, b. Groton, 1777 ; m. 1796, Hon. Thomas Rice;
d. 1840, no issue.
11. Elizabeth, b. Groton, 1780; m. 1801, George Crosby,
Esq., Augusta; d. 1809, no issue.
m. William, b. Groton, 1782; m. 1827, Mary Codman of
Portland.
IV. Edward, b. Groton, 1783; m. 1804, Susan Shaw of
Gardiner; she d. 1847; m. 1849, Harriet Shaw. Children, 1,
* Maj. Edward Swan.
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
165
Edward B.,b. 1805; m. Sarah A. E. Davis, 184-0; d. 1847. 2,
William, b. 1806 ; m. in Liverpool, Eng. 1836, to Elizabeth
Wylde. 3, Catharine, b. 1808; m. 1832, Joseph Adams, Esq., of
Gardiner. 4, Thomas, b. 1810; m. Margaret Shaw, 1835; d,
1839. 5, Margaret, b. 1812, m. Peter Grant, 1835 ; d. 1843, (see
Grant.) 6, George, b. 1814; d. 1841. 7, Christiana, b. 1817.
8, Mercy P., b. 1821 ; m. 1844, Charles B. Clapp. 9, Emma J. G.,
b. 1825 ; m. 1849, FranMin Glazier, Jr., (see Tarbox.)
V. Francis, b. 1785 ; settled in Winslovi^, 1809 ; m. Han-
nah Child, 1814; removed to Calais, 1834. Children, 1, Sarah
Porter, b. Feb. 5, 1816; m. R. H. Manning, of N. Y. 1840; d.
Santa Cruz, Dec. 21, 1841. 2, James Child, b. Aug. 4, 1817 ; m.
Helen Trask, Sept. 9, 1845. 3, William Henry, b. Jan. 13, 1819 ;
Hves in X. Y. 4, Francis Keyes, b. Oct. 20, 1820 ; m. Sept. 16,
1843, Emily Bradbury. 5, Charles Edward, b. Sept. 5, J 822 ; m.
Mary D. Downes, Sept. 26, 1849 ; she d. July 9, 1851. 6» Eugene,
b. July 23, 1824.
VI. Thomas, b. 1787 ; d. of Small Fox in W. I. 1805.
Til. Sophia, b, 1789, d. 1814.
YJIL. JkURT, b. 1792, d. 1838.
IX. Lavinia, b. 1797, m. 1822, Rev. Thomas Adams ; d. Gar-
diner, 1826. Child, Sarah Barnard, b. 1824,
X. Catharine, b. 1799, d. 1800.
Fourth Generation.
Children of Edward B., and Sarah A. E. Swan. 1, CaroKne D.
b. 1841. 2, Sarah, b. 1844 ; d. l&ol>
Children of William and Elizaleth Strnn. 1, Mary Catherine, b,
in Eng. 1838. 2, Edward W., b. in Eng., 1839. 3, Elizabeth, b.
Gardiner, 1842.
Children of Joseph and Catharine Adams. 1, Susan S., b. 1833.
2, Edward S., b. 1836. 3, Joseph L., b. 1838. 4, George, b. J840.
5, Elizabeth W., b. 1842. 6, Julia C, b. 1845. 7, Francis H., b,
1848. *
Children of Thomas and Margaret Stoan. 1, Thomas, b. 1836.
2, Benjamin, b. 1838.
Children of Charles B. and Mervy P. Clap. I, Agnes H., b.
1846. 2, Charles P., b. 1848.
Child of R. H. and Sarah P. Manning. 1, Saa:ah Augusta,
b. Aug. 1841.
Children James C. and Helen Stmn. 1, Helen Louisa, b.
May 21, 1846. 2, Sarah Porter, b. AprU 25» 1848. 3, Annie
Child, b. March 11, 1850.
Children of Francis K. and Emily Swan. 1, Henry Storer, b.
Dec. 8, 1844. 2, Emily Manning, b. Oct. 24, 1846.
Child of Charles E. and Mary D. Sioan. 1, Mary Downes,
b. June 1, 1851.
Edward Swan, who came to Pittston in March,
1796, says : — " The only families residing from the
Rolling dam brook, to what is now the southern
166
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
boundary of Hallowell, and extending two miles
westward from the Kennebec river, were those of
the following persons:" (stated from memory.)
Mr. Joshua Knox,
*' Benniah Door,
Gen. Henry Dearborn,
Jedediah Jewett, Esq.,
Mr. William Barker,
Capt. Seth Gay,
Mr. Ebenezer Byram,
Reuben Moore,
" Benjamin Shaw,
Eleazer Tarbox,
*' Joseph Bradstreet,
«' Peter Grant,
*< Andrew Bradstreet,
Capt. William Springer,
" Moses Springer,
" James Springer,
Mr. Ichabod Plaisted,
" Daniel Jewett,
*' Samuel Lang,
" Thomas Towns,
<' Joseph Eveleth,
" Nathaniel Berry,
*' Thomas Berry,
Unmarried men considered permanent residents : -
Rev. Joseph Warren, > being the only Professional men
Dr. James Parker, ) then residing in Pittston.
M ■
Allen Door,
Daniel Door,
Henry McCausland,
Robert McCausland,
Dominicus Wakefield,
James Door,
James P. Evans,
Abraham Eitz,
Jonathan Oldham,
Ezekiel Pollard,
Elijah Pollard,
Ezekiel Webber,
James McCurdy,
Hilton,
Davis,
Richard Walker,
Thomas Francis, colored.
Matthias Lewis, "
James Lowell,
" Joseph Glidden,
" Hugh Cox,
" Cyrus Ballard,
" Samuel Elwell,
< ' Maltiah Lawrence,
" John Stone,
<' Samuel Hodgdon.
be given, of the Bow-
about this time that it
Mr. Rufus Gay,
" William G. Warren,
*' Barzillai Gannet,
" Bartholomew Kimball,
" Nathaniel Hall,
*' Jonathan Redman,
" Jeremiah Wakefield,
" Augustus Ballard,
A brief sketch may here
man's Point tract, as it was
was settled.
It was the next lot north of the Cabbassa tract,
and was granted to Thomas Hancock, who bequeath-
ed it to his nephew William Bowman, in 1763. It
soon obtained the name of Bowman's Point. It
commenced 180 rods north of the mouth of Cab-
bassa-contee, and extended north one half mile, and
west five miles. It was bounded north by land
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION. 167
owned by James Pitts, and south by Dr. Gardiner's
1600 acre lot.*
In the year 1796,t the Bowman Point tract was
purchased of Jonathan Bowman of Dresden, by
Peter Grant, trader, James Parker, physician, and
James Springer, Moses Springer, Joseph GUdden, Jr,
and Hugh Cox, shipwrights, for $4000,00. This
land was then a part of Hallo well, and contained
1680 acres. The southern boundary was a half mile
and twenty rods north of the Cabbassa-contee, in
the gully north of the residence of Hon. Parker
Sheldon, and the northern boundary was the 3200
acre lot of James Pitts, and Robert Pierpont's lot.
It was 176 rods wide on the river, and 226 rods on
the back end, and four miles long. When divided
others purchased, and Samuel Hodgdon, Augustus
Ballard, William Springer, Jeremiah Wakefield and
Daniel Norcross became proprietors. Each received
a small lot on the river for a homestead, and other
portions in diiferent parts of the tract. There were
seventeen lots. The southern was the first. Moses
Springer took No. 1 and 6 ; James Springer received
2, 5, and 17 ; Daniel Norcross, 3 ; Jeremiah Wake-
field, 4 ; William Springer, 7 and 8 ; Peter Grant, 9
and 10; Joseph Glidden, 11; Hugh Cox, 12; Au-
gustus Ballard, 13; Samiiel Hodgdon, 14; Doct.
Parker, 15 and 16. The land was surveyed by
William Barker, and was a part of the original lot
No. 20.
Mr. Grant, who was the originator of this project,
was driven to this course. He had hired a mill for
some time, and wished to buy, but he could not, for
the most of 'the property in West Pittston was own-
ed by a minor, and his guardians were not empower-
ed to sell. He was able to buy at the Point, and at
* Wiscasset Records. Hancock's Will. f Peter Grant, Esq.
168 INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION,
reasonable prices, and he removed to that place im-
mediately, and commenced shipbuilding.
In the year 1800,* the following additional persons
resided at the Point in Gardiner, then Hallowell.
Wm. G. Warren, Nath'l Kimball, James McCurdy,
Wm. Griffin, Anna Marshall, Samuel Davis, and
Benj. Fitch. The population at this time was 117.
In 1796, the road from Caleb Stevens' to the river,
and the Cabbassa road, were accepted.
The " Gold Hunters," have made Pittston one
of the places where they have " sought, but never
found." At the commencement of the present cen-
tury, Daniel Lambert, who lived in Canaan, sudden-
ly announced, that through the medium of witch-
hazel rods, he had discovered wealth untold, conceal-
ed in different places. To prove what he related,
he exhibited several old pieces of brass, battered, but
highly polished, and was frequently found digging
on the farms of his neighbors, and at length in other
towns. Gradually he inoculated the entire popula-
tion of the Kennebec valley with a treasure-seeking
mania, and people in all conditions of life, were
found digging, from Anson to Seguin, and all along
the coast, even to Rhode Island. The Pebble Hills,
in Pittston. was a famous place, and excavations
were there made eighty feet deep. The curious
may now see large pits as evidence of the folly of
former days.
Lambert at length gave out that he had found
huge quantities of gold, and succeeded in deceiving
the people so that they sold their farms and stock,
and gave all their property to him, and hundreds
thus beggared themselves. He annouhced that a
large amount had been sent to Philadelphia to be
coined, and that he should make a general distribu-
* Mass. Census of that year.
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION. 169
tion on the first of September, but with the arrival
of the day he disappeared. He was not heard from
for several years, bat when the excitement had
subsided, he was known to have settled on the
upper Penobscot. " Lambert's Day," was for a
long time observed with much hilarity, and the
transaction is still rememl)ered as one of those
foolish infatuations which sometimes degrade com-
munities.
Deriving no wisdom from experience, about a
dozen years after, it began to be whispered about
that a negro boy named " Mike" had ^ rare faculty
bestowed on him. He could place a perforated
stone which he had in his possession, in his hat,
and immediately he could reveal the hiding places
of buried treasure. This "mec?zwm" declared, with-
out the aid of " spiritual communication,''^ that
money had been deposited among the pebbles in
Pittston, and that it was very deep, for, though
originally it was near the surface, the water had
rolled the stones over it, and now, he said, he could
see it down very deep. So his dupes digged eighty
feet, and found nothing. The conclusion left on
the minds of posterity is this, that the excavations
were deeper than the people who made them.
And notwithstanding all this, there has hardly
been a single summer which has not found men,
wasting their time, and presenting a spectacle of
folly, as they have sifted and examined the locality
for gold. As late as last year, 1851, there were sev-
eral who were thus at work.
JOHN STONE,* b. Kennebunk, January 3, 1772 ; came to
* Benjamin F., John, and Capt. William Stone. Dr. Theobald.
Capt. Kimball. ,
15
IJO INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
Pittston in 1796; m. Sarah Butler; d. March 14, 1848; she b.
Dec. 22, 1782.* Children,
I. Julia, b. May 12, 1800; m. Capt. Nathaniel Kimball.
Children, 1, Julia A., b. Jan. 22, 1824 ; m. F. P. Theobald, M. D.
2, Frederic Nathaniel, b. April 23, 1826 ; m. Susan Barker. 3,
John Franklin, b. Aug. 8, 1832 ; d. California, June 9, 1850. 4,
George S., b. 1833. 5, "William H., b. Aug. 20, 1836. 6, Parker
James, b. Feb 21, 1838. 7, Charles Edward, b. May 17, 1840.
II. Mary, b. March 6, 1802; m. John P. Hunter. Children,
1, Mary Augusta. 2, Ellen Dorcas. 3, John Lothrop. 4, Ed-
ward G., d. 5, Edward. 6, Georgiana. 7, Isabella.
III. Benjamin F., b. Sept. 26, 1804 ; m. Caroline G. Kenney.
IV. John, b. Dec. 20, 1806 ; m. Caroline Avery ; she b.
March 25, 1808 ; m. Nov. 25, 1829. Children, 1, Frances C, b.
Feb. 8, 1831. 2, Sarah J., b. xMarch 25, 1839. 3, Emma R., b.
May 28, 1841 ; d., Jan. 19, 1844. 4, Charles A., b. June 8, 1843.
5, Emma R., b. April 27, 1845. 6, Harry J., b. Jan. 8, 1849.
V. William, b. Jan. 31, 1809; m. Harriet B. Marston, b.
1818. Children, 1, Frederic WiUiam, b. 1839. 2, William N., b.
1846. 3, Mary M., b. 1848.
VI. George E., b. March 21, 1814; m. Elizabeth Fields;
children.
VII. Sarah J., b. April 28, 1816 ; d. 1838.
Fourth Generation.
Son of F. P. and Julia A. Theobald. Philip E., b. August 22,
1849.
RICHARD CLAY,t b. Buxton, York Co., August 17, 1779 ;
came to Pittston, 1799 ; m. Olive Bradstreet, May 17, 1803 ; he d.
Sept. 29, 1848 ; she d. 1818 ; 2d wife, Rebecca Purrington, widow
of James, m. 1819. Children,
I. Nancy E., b. 1806 ; m. John Plaisted. (See Plaisted.)
II. Emeline M., b. 1808; m; Charles Gardiner, of Boston.
Children, 1, OHve L. 2, Henry R.
III. Olive, b. 1810; m. Loring Macomber, who d. 1837;
since m. N. B. Norton ; no children.
IV. Sarah, b. 1812 ; m. Samuel Springer. Children, 1,
George. 2, Olive L. 3, Henrietta.
V. James A., b. 1814; m. Emily S. Stevens of Hallowell.
Children, 1, James, b. Nov. 15, 1836. 2, Clarintine, b. Oct. 11,
1838.
VI. Henry T., b. 1817 ; m. Susan M. Sprague ; moved to Bos-
ton, 1847. Children, 1, Marcellus L. 2, Sarah E. 3, Josephine
A. 4, Ella E. 5, Richard F.
* Mrs. Mary Butler, mother of Mrs. Sarah Stone, whose maiden
name was Lawrence, is now living at the residence of the late Col.
John Stone, at the advanced age of 95 years.
t James A. and Henry T. Clay.
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION. 171
111 1796, the Cabbassa and Eastern river districts
relinquished their part of the town or meeting-house,
to the other part of the town, on condition of being
exonerated from all expense for the future. In 1797,
the vote for separation stood 76 to 19. In 1798 the
propriety of dividing the county of Lincoln, a ques-
tion which had been agitated for some time, was
deeply considered, and the Hon. Henry Dearborn
was chosen delegate to a convention held in Hallo-
well, in October of that year, and a portion of Lin-
coln county was erected into Kennebec county, Feb.
20, 1799, and Barzillai Gannet was Clerk of the
Sessions.
The Togus road over Beech Hill was accepted in
1799. At this time the population was about 1 400,
of whom 650 were in Gardiner, 150 at Bowman's
Point, and 600 in Pittston.
"About this time," writes Gen. Dearborn, "I went
down to the mouth of the river with my father and
• there were not over twenty houses to be seen from
Gardiner to Stage Island, at the mouth of the river,
on both banks."
Robert Hallowell, son-in-law of Dr. Gardiner, and
father of R. H. Gardiner, Esq., who began to be
here considerably, about the time that the town was
incorporated, was born in Boston, in July, 1739.
He was proscribed and banished in 1778. "He
appeared as an addresser of Gage, in 1775. He
accompanied the British troops to Halifax on the
ev^acuation of Boston, and in July, 1776, was wait-
ing at the former place to embark for England in the
ship Princess Royal. His sister Sarah, wife of Sam-
uel Vaughan, Esquire, of London, died in England,
in 1809 ; and his sister Anne, widow of General
Gould, died in Bristol, England, in 1812."* He died
* Sabine's Loyalists.
172 INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION.
in Gardiner, in April, 1818. His grave-stone, under
a corner of Christ Church, declares that he was
a ^' man of firm integrity, distinguished courtesy,
and strong affections."
That many of those who joined the British,
against their country, were conscientious, cannot be
doubted. They supposed the American efforts des-
tined to failure, and their sympathies were all English.
Sabine in his "Loyalists" declares, that "nearly all
the Loyalists of Maine were Episcopalians, and that
few of other communions in that State adhered to
the King." Educated in the English Church, and
with English political principles instilled from birth,
it is no cause of wonder that they should adhere to
the crown.
Robert Hallo well Gardiner, the present owner and
occupant of Oakland farm, is a son of the foregoing,
and was born in England, during the absence of his
parents and grandfather, about 1781-2.* Dr. Gardi-
ner was displeased at the Unitarian and Republican ,
principles of his son John, and William was not an
efficient man, and he settled nearly all his property
on his grandson, Robert Hallo well, then about five
years of age, on condition that he should assume the
name of Gardiner, which he did.
A petition! dated, Boston, Nov. 6, 1801, and sign-
ed Robert Hallovvell, Junior, " humbly shews, that
Robert Hallowell, the younger, of Boston, in the
County of Suffolk, Gentleman, is the devisee of a
large and valuable estate, upon condition that he
shall change his name to that of Gardiner, which he
is desirous of doing, he therefore prays, that the
Legislature will be pleased to pass an act to change
the name of your petitioner to that of Robert Hallo-
* Daniel Nutting, Esq. Moses Springer, Esq.
t Mass. Arcliives.
INCORPORATION AND SEPARATION. 173
well Gardiner,. and that by the latter name he may
to every legal intent be known and called."
March 11, 1802, a special act was passed by the
Massachusetts Legislature, enacting ''that Robert
Hallowell^ the younger, of Boston, in the county
of Suffolk, gentleman, shall be allowed to take the
name of Robert Hallow ell Gardiner ^
The road from King's mill to the Kennebec,
coming out at Warromontogus, was accepted in the
year 1802.
At the time Mr. Gardiner came into possession,
there were about 650 people within the limits of
Gardiner, of whom some sixty Avere squatters. By
a variety of measures these latter were persuaded
to sell their improvements or to purchase a legal
title. The proprietor firmly but liberally compro-
mised all differences with those who were on his
lands when he came of age in 1803, so that those
painful scenes of bloodshed elsewhere witnessed
• when settling land difficulties were never known
here. The area of Gardiner was from this time
rapidly peopled, and as will be seen by the next
chapter, an act of separation was called for and
obtained.
15*
CHAPTER V,
SKETCH or PITTSTON PROM THE SEPARATION.
The events since the separation of Gardiner from
Pittston have not been of a remarkable character in
eitlier town. Pittston has been steadily growing,
and those arts and pursuits that are the elements of
prosperity, have been largely possessed. The first
inhabitants and owners of property after the separa-
tion, may be known by the following list of tax-
payers, for the year 1803. Copied verbatim.
NAMES. TOTAL TAX.
d. c. m.
Widow Hannah Agry, 7,40,3
Capt. David Agry, 39,44,3
Widow Hannah Bailey, 1,82,9
Nathaniel Bailey, 8,17,3
Nath'l Bailey, Jr., 4,29,3
David Bailey, 4,11,7
Henry Bodge, 3,43,5
John Barker, 4,99,6
Jona. Blanchard, 5,97,6
William Blanchard, 4,02,2
John Bailey, 8,86,2
Nathan Bailey, Jr, 2,27,7
Peter Benner, 2,77,7
Joseph Blodget, 2,68,4
Benj. Colborn, 4,96,5
Joseph Colborn, 3,03,4
William Chui'ch, 3,62,6
Samuel Clark, 3,22,3
Richard Calvert, 4,35,5
Wid'w Margaret Colborn, 4,99,3
Capt. Oliver Colborn, 3,59.9
Thomas Coss, 4,93,2
NAMES.
TOTAL TAX.
d, c. in.
Samuel Cutts and
Wil-
liam Stevens,
7,17,6
Lenard Cooper,
12,84,1
Joseph Colman,
2,87,0
Richard Cookson,
2,34,0
Isaac Clark,
9,05,5
Burnham Clark,
5,13,5
Eldred & Crowell,
24,68,9
Reuben Colborn,
4,65,7
Jacob Daniels,
2,68,0
Ezra Davis,
5,14,1
Samuel Davis,
James Dudley,
3,02,6
2,39,7
Alvan Dimmick,
5,39,2
Hobert Eastman,
3,08,4
Judah Eldred,
8,30,4
Micah Eldred,
2,85,0
Francis Flitner,
3,63,1
Joseph Flitner,
4,18,1
Benj. Flitner,
Benj. Follcnsbie,
4,60,8
6,93,1
Edward Fuller,
5,11,3
SKETCH OF PITTSTON.
175
NAMES, TOTAL TAX.
d. C. m.
Thomas Freeman, 2,77,2
Dennis Gould, 6,13,8
Charles Glidden, 3,97,4
Arnold Glidden, 2,70,5
Joseph Green, 4,22,2
Freeborn Groves, 5,92,0
Susannah Hunt, 2,74,0
Betsy Hailey, 6,33,0
Martin Hailey, 4,44,8
Xathaniel Hailey, 4,99,3
Nathaniel Hall, 2,79,1
William Hanover, 4,97,6
"William Hanover, Jr., 2,89,3
Silas Hunt, 3,26,0
Ephraim Hatch, 6,91,6
Jedediah Jewet, 15,06,9
Jonathan Jewet, 4,50,5
Daniel Jewet, 9,13,4
Enoch Jewet, 6,15,5
Samuel Jones, 2,25,8
Thomas Jackson, 5,46,6
Benj. Jackson, 3,43,0
Christopher Jackins, 4,68,0
(yhristopher Jackins, Jr., 3,72,4
James Jakinn, 3,65,8
Andrew Johnson, 3,47,2
James Johnson, 3,93,6
Levi Johnson, 2,79,0
Abiathar Kendall, 8,17,8
John Law, 0,31,4
Jacob Loud, 11,03,8
Peleg Loud, 3,58,1
Elihu Loud, 2,73,5
Rodger Lapham, 7,85,3
James Laplane, 2,99,1
Samuel Little, 3,73,1
Trustam Mores, 2,79,2
Abner Marson, 0,62,1
Abner Marson, Jr., 5,91,4
Stephen Marson, 4,20,9
George Marson, 4,79,8
David Moore, 4,88,1
William Moody, 2,61,8
Scribner Moody, 0,81,0
Samuel Marson, 2,94,3
Samuel Marson, Jr. 3,22,9
Robert McNight, 3,20,9
Samuel Oakman, Esq., 52,40,1
Samuel Oakman, Jr. 6,15,5
Charles Osgood, 4/14,1
NAMES. TOTAL TAX.
d. c. m.
Edward Palmer, 7,33,3
Samuel Palmer, 3,78,3
Jeremiah Pickard, 0,33,7
James Pickard, 3,69,3
Benj. Pulsifer, 3,25,7
Joseph Pulsifer, Jr., 2,97,1
Joseph Rawlings, 5,04,5
James Rawlings, 6,75,2
David Rawlings, 4,50,7
Stephen Rowe, 2,67,3
Obadiah Read, 18,:)9,6
Isaac Read, 17,37,1
Henry Smith, 2,05,0
George Standly, 5,84,8
John Stephens, 5,03,9
Levi Shepherd, 4,74,7
Henry Smith, Jr., 5,64,0
John Smith, 4,39,2
Jeremiah Smith, 6,62,5
James Smith, 3,87,1
The heirs of Seth Soper, 4,25,7
Caleb Stephens, 3,34,2
Caleb Stephens, Jr., 8,72,9
Daniel Scot, 8,58,2
Alexander Troop, 6,07,6
John Taggard, 3,95,8
Robert Taggard, 5,94,2
Samuel Thomas, 4,69,1
Simeon Town, 4,46,2
Benj. Trask, 3,91,8
Jonathan Winslow, 4,21,0
D avid Young, 2 1 , 65 , 4
David Young, Jr., 4,17,3
NON-KESIDENTS.
Robert Hallowell, Esq., 37,25,3
Oliver Whipple, Esq., 11,44,8
Wra. Howard and heirs
of Samuel Howard, 7,29,9
James Dumerisque, 2,09,0
Isaac Pillsbury, 2,34,5
Hanson Hight, 0,60,7
Edward Lawrence, 0,33,6
William Gardiner, 1,41,4
BurreU Lot, so called, 0,59,8
Ebenezer Church, 3,51,5
Dr. James Parker, 0,64,9
Heirs of John Winthrop,
Esq., deceased, 2,24,3
Joseph Atwood, 0,70,2
176
SKETCH OF PITTSTON.
Edmund Bridge, Esq.,
Edmund Bridge, Jr.,
James N. Lithgow,
James Marr,
David Murry,
Joseph Pribble,
Blair,
TOTAL TAX.
d. c. m.
0,48,0
1,41,2
0,74,7
1,17,5
1,68,2
0,93,5
0,84,2
0,90,0
Andrew Goodwin,
Single Polls
NAMES. TOTAL TAX.
d. c. m.
Peter Bryson, 1,66,6
Henry Dearborn, Esq, 2,75,7
Seth Gay, Esq., 1,69,2
Ebenezer Byrara, 1,72,0
Sam'l Davis of Hallowell, 0,28,3
David Blinn, 0,50,0
Francis Blinn, 0,31,2
Joseph North, Esq., 1,64,5
taxed $2,23 each.
Daniel Follensbie,
Jedediah Cowin,
Simeon Cunningham,
John C. Gookin,
William Hatch,
Seth Hunt,
Paul Horne,
Thomas Mead,
Benj. Marson,
David Philbrooks,
Samuel Tarbox,
Joseph Trask,
David White,
John White,
John Robertson,
Nowal.
Henry Adams,
Ebenezer Blodget,
Bisbee Boulton,
jRufus Cushman,
Daniel Davis,
Samuel Dudley,
Oliver Foster,
John FoUensbie,
Samuel Follensbie,
The road from Beech Hill to Eastern River, that
from Samuel Marson's to the County road, and that
from Reed's saw-mill to the road from Pittston to
Millford, were accepted in 1804.*
The town landing (on Eastern River, below the
mills, commonly called the board landing,) was laid
out in 1804. The town remonstrated with the
State Legislature in
1806, through a committee
consisting of Samuel Bishop, Samuel Oakman and
Reuben Colburn, against the erection of a bridge at
Swan Island. The representative to Boston was
instructed to vote against the project. In the year
1807, the people of Pittston were opposed to erect-
ing the State of Maine from the Commonwealth of
Massachusetts. The vote stood, for, 24; against,
64. In 1808 the town refused to petition the Pres-
ident to take off the embargo; but passed several
resolutions professing a determination to support
Government and the Executive.
Pittston was divided into two parishes in the year
* Town Records.
SKETCH OF PITTSTON.
177
1810. The line was run by Carr Barker, a quaker,
on "the Sth day of the 11th month, 1810."
November 23, 1811, it was " voted that the town
should petition to the Legislature of this Common-
Avealth to grant them some relief on Worromatogus
bridge, so called, by a lottery or some other means."
The State listened to the request, and granted the
town a township of land. The bridge was repaired
at an expense of $1800.
In the year 1812, there was a great zeal in behalf
of the country. The town voted " to raise a sum
of money to make the detached militia now drafted
up ten dollars per month for six months after they
are called for into actual service, and assist after
they return, provided they return in six months
after they are called for into actual service, providing
the Government do not allow it. Voted, that the
above additional sum shall be paid to the family of
those detached militia, if they stand in need in their
absence."
During the year 1814 a very mortal sickness,
called the cold fever, prevailed. Pittston lost some
of its best people thereby. Benjamin Colburn, Sen.,
d. April 18 ; Benjamin Colburn, Jr., d. May 1 ;
Hannah Colburn, d. April 29; Judah Eldred, d.
April 27 ; John Gardiner, d. April 20 ; Levi Shorey,
d. March 25 ; John Clark, d. March 28 ; Jno.
Barker, d. May 17 ; Samuel Barker, d. April 17 ;
Mrs. Asa Parker, d. May 18 ; Widow Hobart, d.
May 19 ; Widow Dunham, d. Jan. 6 : Thomas Dow,
d. March 3 ; Widow Bailey, d. March 20 ; James
Clark, d. March 24 ; Widow Clark, d. March 25 ;
John Goodwin, d. March 19.
David Neal was chosen in 1816 to attend a
Convention held in Brunswick in reference to a
separation from Massachusetts. The question of
separation was taken in town meeting, and resulted,
yeas, 52 ; nays, 34. In 1819, the vote was 64 yeas,
178
SKETCH OF PITTSTON.
and 18 nays, and Eli Young was chosen a delegate
to the Convention which met in Portland, in Octo-
ber of that year, for the purpose of framing a Con-
stitution. When the constitution was presented to
the people, the vote was 20 for, and 8 against.
At the time Maine became a distinct State the
statistics of Pittston were taken, and the following
productions were reported for the year 1820 : — 446
acres of tillage ; 1747 acres of upland mowing ;
28 acres of fresh mowing; 1613 acres of pasture;
176 barns; 116 horses; 278 oxen; 478 cows;
251 swine; 2061 bdshels of Indian corn; 870 bush-
els of wheat ; 25 bushels of rye ; 222 bushels of
oats; 101 bushels of barley; 86 bushels of peas
and beans; 1511 tons of upland hay; and 23 tons
of fresh hay; 633 tons of shipping; $4,400 of
stock in trade. The average wealth to each individ-
ual in the State being called $100, the average in'
Pittston was $101, showing that the people were
better off than the average.
Sept. 9. 1833, it was " voted, that no license be
granted by the selectmen for the retailing of spirit-
uous liquors. Voted, that the town instruct the
Town Agent to complain of all persons who shall
sell Spirituous Liquors. Also voted that special
agents be chosen to see that the laws are not vio-
lated, and to prosecute all persons who sell spirituous
liquors in this town." Samuel Clark, George Wil-
liamson, and Leonard Blanchard, were chosen for
that purpose, and in the year following it was re-
solved by the town that no licenses be granted by
the proper officers for the retailing of spirituous
liquors to be drank in stores or shops. Samuel
Clark, Leonard Blanchard, Benjamin Follansbee, Jr.,
Charles Loud and Dudley Young, were constituted
a committee to complain of all persons who should
sell spirituous liquors in the town.
The lines were perambulated and finally adjusted
SKETCH OF PITTSTON.
179
between Pittston, Dresden and Alna, October 21,
1844 ; and this year the town sold the old meeting-
house and built a Town House. A strip of land
fifty rods long on the riv^er was taken from Hal-
lo well, (now Chelsea,) that Avinter and added to
Pittston. This included land belonging to Rufus
White, John Dow, and George Lyon.
The annexed tables of votes, taxes, officers, etc.,
of Pittston, will inform the reader of various matters
of interest which have transpired in the town.
A RECORD OF THE VOTES IN PITTSTON FROM 1786 TO 1851 INCLUSIVE.
1786.
Nathaniel Thwing had 25 votes for Register of Deeds.
Governor,
Lieut. Gov.
Total.
1787.
John Hancock,
34
Thomas Gushing,
CO
Governor.
1788.
John Hancock,
12
Elbridge Gerry,
14
26
1789.
John Hancock,
34
James Bowdoin,
Benj. Lincoln,
1 i
' 39
1790.
John Hancock,
30
valLLK^O JlJXJ \y \JL\Jl.lLf
10
40
1791.
John Hancock,
44
44
1792.
John Hancock,
34
34
1793.
John Hancock,
35
Elbridge Gerry, ■
7
42
1794.
Samuel Adams,
56
56
1795.
Samuel Adams,
47
47
1796.
Samuel Adams,
52
Increase Sumner,
3
55
1797.
James Sullivan,
71
Increase Sumner,
4
75
1798.
Increase Sumner,
60
60
1799.
William Heath,
63
Increase Sumner,
37
100
1800.
Caleb Strong,
12
Elbridge Gerry,
44
56
L801.
28
(< (<
75
103
1802.
(( ((
21
(( ((
51
72
After the separation.
•
1803.
Caleb Strong,
48
Elbridge Gerry,
9
57
1804.
(< <(
20
James Sullivan,
24
44
1805.
(( <<
26
58
84
1806.
(( (<
35
(< ((
; ^7
Heath,
^l]
1807.
(( «
47
James Sullivan,
69
116
1808.
Christopher Gore, 41
(I
72
114
1809.
(( i<
60
Levi Lincoln,
Elbridge Gerry,
62
122
1810.
54
81
135
1811.
Christopher Gore, 55
Elbridge Gerry,
82
137
1812.
Caleb Strong,
59
31
90
1813.
<( ((
72
Joseph B. Varnum,
68
140
180
SKETCH OF PITTSTON.
VOTES
rOR GOVEllNOR.
TOTAL.
lo 14.
Caleb Strong,
oz
Samuel Dexter,
1 1 o
T Q^ r:
loiO.
<( ((
oz
1 On
1816.
John Brooks,
42
± nomas x!jio.reci,
79
1
JL
■J
)
loJ /.
(( n
^7
Ol
Henry Dearborn,
u 1
yo
1 Q 1 Q
lolo.
oU
B. W^. Crowninshield,
Do
i/O
1 Q 1 n
lo J y.
A(\
Ol
1820.
Wiliiam Jving,
Oif
liuius ijray,
Do
1821.
Wingate, &c.,
28
Albion K. Parris,
47
75
1822.
(< ((
29
it ((
83
112
1823.
fi ((
36
36
1824.
Thomas Coss,
2
(( (i
QQ
1 ni
iozo.
AQ
4o
Aft
1 ona
Charles Currier,
1
Enoch Lmcoln,
OZ
Oo
1 Q07
loZi .
79
79
1828.
Ezekiel Whitman, 33
Peleg Sprague,
16
I
1 50
J. G. Huntoon,
160
ksamuei xi. omixn,
44
204
1830.
(( ((
198
74
272
1831.
Dan'l Goodenow,! 11
(( ((
47
158
1832.
<< <(
197
(( <(
71
/ i
9fi8
1833.
<< ((
120
R. P. Dunlap,
1 1
i I
o\j
^
V181
)
iOO'i.
Peleg Sprague,
231
xtoDert i:. Uuniap,
Q7
OZo
1835.
Wm. King,
72
Scat g,
45
9
> 126
1836.
Edward Kent,
105
Robert P. Dunlap,
an
uU
1837.
(( ((
237
Gorhara Parks,
John Fairfield,
68
305
1838.
Edward Kent,
270
loy
^uy
jooy.
<( <(
228
87
315
1840.
(( ((
303
135
438
1841.
<( ((
206
<( ((
Jere'h Curtis,
120-
'331
•
1842.
E. Robinson,
162
Jonn J: airneiQ,
Scat'g,
116
07
'305
•
'1843.
(( ((
J40
Anderson & Kavanagh
Jas. Appleton,
, 93 '
9Q
zy
•262
1844.
(( ((
240
Hugh J. Anderson,
Jas. Appleton,
138 '
CO
•413
1845.
F. H. Morse,
88
Hugh J. Anderson,
Sam'l Fessenden,
62 '
oo
lL
172
1846.
David Bronson,
178
John W. Dana,
Aboli. & Scat.
68 '
Al
293
1847
(( ((
72
Jonn W. JJana,
S. Fessenden,
49 '
44
105
1848
Elijah L. Hamlin, 174
John W^. Dana,
S. Fessenden,
125 \
71 j
370
1849
(( (( t(
120
John Hubbard,
Geo. F. Talbot,
98 \
40 \
258
1850
Wm. G. Crosby,
99
John Hubbard,
Geo. F. Talbot,
75)
26 3
200
SKETCH OF PITTSTON.
181
PRESIDENTIAL VOTES AS FAB, AS EECORDED.
J ivl.
lo w asliington,
local, Lo
1804.
lo L. C I'uuuiey,
47 Jefferson,
62
1812.
72 Madison,
60 DeWitt Clinton,
132
1820.
32 Munroe,
32
1824.
26 Adams,
26
1828.
52
28 Jackson,
80
1832.
172 Clay,
84
256
1836.
47 Harrison,
33 Van Buren,
80
1840.
298 "
120
2 Abolition, 420
1844.
187 Clay,
119 Polk,
108 Cass,
31
" 337
227 Taylor,
63
398
TOWN OEFICERS.
MODERATORS.
[Before the separation these officers were taken from either side
of the river.]
Seuben Colburn, 1782, 4, 5,
Samuel Oakman, 17S4, 6, 92, 3,
4, 5, 7, 1800, 3, 9.
Henrv Dearborn, 1785, 7, 8, 9,
90,'l, 7, 8, 9.
After the
BsLxid Crowell, 1803.
David Agrv, 1806.
Thomas Eldred, 1807, 11, 12, 13,
14, 15, 16, 17, 20, 1, 2, 3-
Thomas Coss, 1809, 10, 11, 13,
16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 32.
Abiath'r Kendall, 1812, 13, 15, 16-
David Young, 1813, 14.
EU Young, 1814, 17, 29, 31, 3, 5.
Caleb Stevens, 1817.
Jacob Loud, 1818, 19.
George Williamson, 1820, 5, 30,
L 2, 3, 5.
Jedediah Jewett, 1791, 3, 5, 6, 8,
1804, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.
Jeremiah Dudley, 1792, 4,
Thomas Agry, 1794.
B. Gannett, 1797, 8, 9, 1800, 1, 2.
separation.
I Samuel Clark, 1823, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9,
I 30, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 44, 5, 7, 8, 50.
Jonathan Young, 1825.
\ Rufus Gay, 1826.
John Stevens, 1829.
I George JeM^ett, 1831, 46, 9, 50.
I Eliakim Scammon, 1832, 4.
j Henry Dearborn, 1836.
! Gideon Barker, 1836.
I Dudley Young, 1837, 9, 40, 1.
! Joel Johnson, 1842, 3, 4, 5, 6.
Cyrus Rundlet, 1843.
j Abiel V. Goodwin, 1844.
I James M. Carpenter, 1851, 2.
REPRESENTATIVES .
Joseph North, 1774-5, in Provin-
cial Congress.
1785, voted not to send.
Reuben Colburn, 1786, 96.
"iVilliam Barker, 1789.
Jedediah Jewett, 1792, 5, 1801,
5, 6.
Barzillai Gannett, 1797.
Gen. Henry Dearborn, 1798, 9.
Samuel Oakman, 1800, 3, 4.
Thomas Eldred, 1807.
David Young, 1809, 11, 13, 15.
Oliver Colburn, 1812, 14.
Thomas Coss, 1819, 20, 2, 4.*
* Signifies majority, f Plurality.
16
182
SKETCH OF PITTSTON.
William Hilton, 1821.
Joseph Merrill, 1823 *
Eliakim Scammon, 1825,* 7,* 9,
30, 4, 5, 46.
Charles Currier, 1826,* 8.*
Henry Dearborn, 1831, 8.
John Stevens, 1832, 3.
Hiram Stevens, 1836, 7.
John Blanchard, 1839, 40.
Samuel G. Bailey, 1841.
George Williamson, 1842.
William Troop, 1843, 4.
John Coss, 1847.
Samuel Clark, 1848. t
Benjamin Fiitner, 1849.t
Classed with Vienna, 1850-1.
Note. The above may not all have been elected, in conse-
quence of the vote being canceled by the town with which Pitta-
ton was classed.
SELKCTMEN.
Nathaniel Berry, 1781.
Henry Smith, 1781.
Benjamin Colburn, 1781.
Thomas Agrv, 1783.
Seth Soper, 1783-4.
Samuel Berry, 1783.
David Lawrence, 1784.
Henry Dearborn, 1785, 7, 8, 9.
Samuel Oakman, 1784, 6, 7, 8, 9,
90, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 1808.
Silas Clark, 1785, 6, 9.
WiUiam Barker, 1786, 7.
Samuel Dudley, 1788, 93, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8.
Jedediah Jewett, 1790, 1, 2, 1803,
4, 5, 6, 7, 9.
David Young, 1790, 1, 2.
Barzillai Gannett, 1793, 4, 6, 7,
8, 1801, 2.
Peter Grant, 1795.
Reuben Colburn, 1798.
John Agry, 1799, 1800.
Reuben Moor, 1799, 1800.
Isaac Clark, 1799, 1800.
Caleb Stevens, Jr., 1801, 2, 3, 7,
10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16.
Oliver Currier, 1801.
Abiathar Kendall, 1802, 8, 10,
11, 12, 13, 14, 17.
David Crowell, 1803, 4, 5.
David Agry, 1804, 5, 6.
Thomas Eldred, 1806, 7, 9, 16.
Thomas Coss, 1808, 9, 10, 11, 17,
18, 19, 20, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
EH Young, 1812, 13, 14, 15, 17,
18, 19, 20, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9,
30, 1, 3, 4, 7, 8.
Noah Loud, 1815, 16.
Joseph Blish, Jr., 1818, 19, 21,
2, 3, 4.
George Williamson, 1820, 5, 6,
35, 7, 8, 43, 6, 7, 9, 51, 2.
Henry Dearborn, 1825, 35, 48.
Samuel Clark, 1826.
William Stevens, 1827, 8.
John Blanchard, 1827, 8.
George Jewett, 1829, 30, 1, 3, 4,
7, 8, 42, 5, 50, 1.
Charles Loud, 1829, 30, 1, 2, 4, 5.
William Troop, 1832.
James Harris, 1832.
John A. Colburn, 1833.
Gideon Barker, 1836, 41, 50.
Benjamin Fiitner, 1836, 9, 40, I,
2, 3, 8.
George W. Mansur, 1836, 41.
Dudley Young, 1839, 40.
Moses B. Bliss, 1839, 40.
Moses Harris, 1842.
Cyrus Rundlett, 1843, 4, 6, 7, 9.
John Y. Kendall, 1844.
Eliakim Scammon* 1844.
John E. Merrill, 1845.
Joel Johnson, 1845.
John Coss, 1846, 7, 9, 51, 2,
Benj. F. Fuller, 1848.
Augustus L. Call, 1850.
Jona. Clark, 1852.
WilUam Wilkins, 1782.
William Barker, 1783, 4, 5, 6, 7
9, 90.
Thomas Philbrook, 1788.
TOWN CLEKKS.
Jedediah Jewett, 1788.
Seth Gay, 1791, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8,
9, 1800, 1, 2.
Barzillai Gannett, 1794.
SKETCH OF PITTSTON. - 183
After the separation.
Nathaniel Hall, 1803, 4, 5, 6,
7, 8.
Benjamin Jackson, 1809, 10, 11,
12, 13.
Xoah Loud, 1814, 15, 16.
Eli Young, 1816, 17, 18, 19, 20,
1, 2, 3, 4.
Henry Dearborn,' 1825, 6, 7, 8.
Daniel Sewall, 1829, 30, 1, 2.
Hiram Stevens, 1833, 4, 5, 6, 7.
John DoAV, 1838, 9, 40, 1, 2.
Lorenzo S. Clark, 1843, 4, 5.
Alphonso H. Clark, 1846, 7, !
9, 50, 1, 2.
TREASURERS.
Samuel Oakman, 1783, 4, 6, 7,
1803, 7, 8.
Henry Smith, 1788.
William Barker, 1789, 90, 1, 2,
3, 4, 5,6.
Jedediah Jewett, 1797.
Seth Gav, 1798, 9, 1800, 1.
Kufus Gay, 1802, 22, 3, 4, 5, 6,
7, 8, 9. '
David Agry, 1804.
David Crowell, 1805.*
David Agry, 1805, 6.
Daniel Jewett, 1809, 10, 11.
Abiathar Kendall, 1812, 13-
Eli Young, 1814, 15, 16, 17, 18,
19, 20, 1.
Henry Dearborn, 1830, 1, 4.
Stephen Young, 1832, 3.
Gideon Barker,' 1835.
Wm. Stevens, 2d, 1836, 7, 8, 9.
Alphonso H. Clark, 1840, 1, 2, 3.
Eliakim Scammon, 1844, 5, 6.
Benjamin S. Jones, 1847, 8, 9,
50, 1, 2.
TKAR.
- SCHOOL.
PREACHING.
HIGHWAY.
TOWN, &C.
TOTAl .
1779
£627
1733
£100
£100
200
1784
150
60
210
1785
£15
£15
150
80
260
1786
30
150
GO
240
1787
30
75
GO
165
1788
50
150
GO
260
1739
150
40
190
1790
60
15
150
50
275
1791
80
75
140
295
179'2
100
20
100
40
260
1793
100
50
100
40
290
1794
150
60
200
30
440
1795
100
60
200 '
50
410
1796
S500
^200
51300
i;2oo
$2200
1797
850
"200
1000
200
2250
1798
700
200
1000
200
2100
1799
600
750
500
1850
1800
850
300
750
470
2370
1^01
550
900
360
1810
1802
1000
300
1500
400
3200
AFTER THE SEPARATION.
1303
400
500
200
1100
1804
600
600
200
1400
1805
600
400
1000
150
2150
* David Crowell removed from the town in 1805 — 6.
184
SKETCH
OF PITTSTON.
YEAR.
SCIiOOI,,
HIGHWAY.
TOWN, &C.
TOTAL
]80G
600
1200
200
2000
1807
600
2200
1000
3800
1808
600
1000
600
2200
1809
600
1000
700
2300
1810
600
1000
700
2300
1811
700
1500
950
3150
1812
700
1000
525
2225
1813
300
J TOO
650
2050
1814
40O
2500
915
3815
1815
500
1870
1045
3415
1816
600
1400
400
2400
1817
400
1000
1000
2400
18i8
600
1200
530
2330
1819
600
1000
625
2225
1820
600
1000
775
2375
1821
600 '
J 050
300
1950
1822
600
1200
250
2050
1823
600
1600
400 .
2600
1824
60O
1610
600
2810
1825
600
1000
900
2500
1826
600
1200
900
2700
182?
600
1600
120
2320
1828
600
1700
500
2800
1829
600
1500
600
2700
1830
60O
1500
600
2700
1831
600
1600
800
3000
1832
720
1720
450
2890
1833
700
1500
500
2700
J 834
720
1700
700
3120
1885
1-20
1500
1800
4020
1836
720
2400
819
3939
1837
720
3500
760
4970
1838
720
2800
1200
4720
1839
720
1600
1020
3340
720
1850
1750
4320
T84I
1000
2100
1700
4800
]{?42
lOOO
1850
1300
4150
1843
1000
1550
1162
3712
?000
1600
2450
5050
1200
2250
1500
4950
1846
1000
1700
1550
4i50
1847
1200
2025
1100
4325
1848
1200
2000
1050
4250
1849
1200
2500
1000
4700
1850
1200
2200
1250
4650
1851
1500
2200
1950
5650
3852
1500
1875
1900
5275
The town of Pittston, Comity of Kennebec, State
of Maine, as it now exists, lies on the eastern side
of the Kennebec river, about 78 miles south-west
from Bangor, 53 miles north-east from Portland, and
six miles south from Augusta. It is bounded north
by Chelsea, east by Whitefield, south by AIna and
Dresden, and west by the Kennebec which separates
SKETCH OF PITTSTON. 185
it from Gardiner and Bowdoinham. It is in 44 de-
grees 10 minutes north latitude, and 7 degrees 30
minutes east longitude from Washington. It con-
tains an area of about 21,300 acres, of which 20,962
are land, and 330 are water. There are 365 acres,
or 52| miles of roads. It is about seven miles long,
from north to south, and five miles wide from east to
west. The soil is much diversified, with hills and
valleys, and ponds and streams, and is generally very
excellent, especially on the Eastern River and the
Kennebec. There is much clayey loam, which is
found to be very fertile. When the town was first
settled, much of the wood was white oak. The
most remarkable geological localities are said to be
the Pebble Hills, situated in the south-western part
of the town, on the original Haley lot. These hills
consist almost entirely of small sized pebbles, drifted
into slight eminences, and so correctly are they nam-
ed that although excavations have been made to the
depth of eighty feet, almost nothing else can be
found. In digging six or eight feet, the pebbles are
entirely free from dirt. This place has long been fa-
mous for being the resort of Gold diggers, — or rather
those who have desired to be Gold diggers, for it
hardly need be added, that gold cannot be found in
this locality, without the alchemy of some branch of
productive industry. The idea that hidden treasures
are concealed among those pebbles had its origin in
the Lambert fraud, at the commencement of the
present century, and in the Eldred discovery, in
1814.
The Kennebec River runs seven miles and forty
rods, or, on the whole western boundary of Pittston,
and has an average width of about fifty rods. Na-
humkeag island, containing three or four acres, lies
between Pittston and Gardiner. Eastern River rises
in Whitefield, and enters East Pittston near John Ka-
ley's farm, and runs a southerly course and empties
16*
186
SKETCH OF PITTSTON.
into the Kennebec at Dresden. Where the stream
enters Dresden it is twenty-three rods wide, and the
tide flows np about three miles into Pittston. Above
this, at and near the village of East Pittston, are sev-
eral mills.
The Worromontogus has one branch, — Meadow
Brook, — which rises in Chelsea Meadow, and has
a very considerable fall and mill privilege at the out-
let, and after running about a half mile, empties into
the main river. The main branch rises in Togus
Pond, in Augusta, and runs entirely through Chelsea,
and about two miles in Pittston and empties into
the Kennebec, being about seven miles long. The
water power here is excellent.
It is related that alewives were so plenty there at
the time the country was settled, that bears, and
later, swine, fed on them in the water. They were
crowded ashore by thousands. Mrs. David Phil-
brook, who was a McCausland, was very much in
want of a spinning wheel. One day she took a^
dip net, and caught seven barrels of alewives in
the Togus, and took two barrels in a canoe, and
paddled them down to Mr. Winslow's, and ex-
changed them for a wheel.* The medicinal qual-
ities of the Togus Springs are well known, and their
healing powers have been experienced by many.
The proportions of the different ingredients have
never been ascertained, but the water contains, ac-
cording to an analysis made by Professor Cleveland
for Dr. Page, Carbonic Acid, Sulphur, Hydrogen,
Soda, Lime, Magnesia, and a small quantity of
Iron.f
Nahumkeag stream rises in the pond bearing the
same name, and runs to Agry's Point, where it
joins the Kennebec. It is a fine stream and has
* George Lyon.
t Simon Page, Esq.
SKETCH OF PITTSTON.
187
some water power. Naiimkeag was the original
name of the land now occupied by the city of
Salem, and also that of the city of Lowell, Massa-
chusetts. It signified in the dialect of the Massa-
chusetts Indians: " A good place to catch fish." It
is frequently spelt Nahumkee, or Negumkike, and is
doubtless the same word. Nahumkeag brook empties
near Nahumkeag Island, and has become noted in
Eastern history for being the place which a portion
of the opponents of the Plymouth Grant attempted
to make its southern boundary. Besides these, are
Eastman's, Bailey's, Follansbee's, Blair's and some
other brooks. Bailey's brook carries a shingle ma-
chine. Nahumkeag Pond is a fine sheet of water
of about 175 acres, lying 420 rods east of the Ken-
nebec, and Joy's Pond, which touches Whitefield, is
a pleasant body of water.
The town of Pittston possesses a rural population ,
Avhich, from its fruitful soil, obtains an abundant
supply to the wants of life. The village is located
very prettily on the bank of the Kennebec, and the
town is known for the thrift and energy of the
people, and especially for the great number of sailors
and masters of vessels who have gone forth from its
limits. Perhaps no town in America has sent out so
many and so distinguished sea captains, in propor-
tion to its whole population, as Pittston. Agricul-
tural pursuits and ship-building and following the
seas, are the principal employments of the people.
When the United States Arsenal was about being
built, the Topographical Engineers located the build-
ings just above the village, where Mr. William
Stevens now lives ; but the adroit management of
politicians deprived Pittston of the advantage which
the Arsenal would doubtless have conferred.
The present condition of Pittston may be learned
by consulting the —
188
SKETCH OF PITTSTON.
STATISTICS FOR THE YEAR 1850.
Population, 2823 ; deaths, 44 : farms, 239 ; pro-
ductive establishments, 8 ; houses, 484 ; paupers,
44, costing the town $744 ; books in libraries, 1300
vols.; valuation of the town, $647,474; horses,
160 ; cows, 700 ; oxen, 320 ; other cattle, 484 ;
sheep, 1200; swine, 117; bushels wheat raised,
284; corn, 6795; oats, 3746; rye, 200; honey and
beeswax, 2540 lbs. ; hay, 4500 tons ; cheese, 2600
lbs. ; butter, 45000 lbs. ; apples, etc. $1500 ; barley,
600 bushels ; potatoes, 4500 bushels ; wool, peas,
beans, etc. ; 2,400,000 ft. lumber; 400,000 shingles;
] 450 prs. boots and shoes ; 1 00 ploughs, worth
$800, etc. These products are much understated,
as where the products of a farm or workshop are
under a certain amount, they are not recorded.
The following list of the payers of taxes for the
year 1851, will show future generations who the
inhabitants of the town were, after it had been
settled ninety-two years, and also what taxes they^
paid, if not what property they possessed.
TAX LIST FOR THE YEAR 1851.
NAMES.
Hiram Averill,
Samuel S. Ayer,
Samuel Ayer,
Oliver O. Austin,
Pardon Allen,
Wm. Abbott,
James G. Ames,
Joseph Brookings,
James M. **
Daniel "
James Y. Bailey,
Joseph C. **
Jacob *«
David P. "
Nath'l " J
James "
James "
Henry
Total. NAMES.
$15,77 Samuel G. Bailey,
Total.
$21,45
13,21 Ezra
7,20 Joel "
8,75 Joel P. "
1,78 Charles "
10,71 Theodore P. Brown,
5,29 Andrew '*
7,68
4,47
8,23
1,93
1,00
6,86
1,00
4,00
3,02
1,00
4,88
9,07
15,42
1,00
8,34
8,61
7,91
20,02 Sanford "
44,76 Joseph
9,27 William L.
13,17 Jon. Burr,
9,15 William P. Basford,
19,95 Gideon Barker,
Jr., 7,26 John Brann,
23,94 Burnham Benner,
Jr., 1,00 Wesley Benner,
6,17 Nath'l
SKETCH OF
Total.
»> iiliclLli XJtJllllcl-^
^14,13
9,84
1 o Q -7 o !• Q !r o-j*
2 84
15 -5 3
James " Jr.,
3 00
1 00
8 32
Moses Boynton,
13',95
John "
5,71
David Butland,
Nathan Blanchard,
6,58
•3,42
John "
68,59
Leonard Blanchard's estate, 7,08
Same & D. Monlton,
14,66
Charles E. Bradstreet,
65,39
John Bragdon,
3,95
Geo. Brannan,
1,00
John C. Blair,
18,80
Laban "
20,77
Gibnore "
4,92
Franklin *'
6,17
Henry M. Bnllen,
10,30
Moses B. Bliss,
22,21
Edmund W. Bliss,
11,75
David Blen,
3,33
John Blodget,
3,74
Jasper "
6,61
Nath'l "
11,77
Nath'l " & E. J. White, 1,47
Daniel "
3,24
Washburn Benjamin,
1,00
John Colbum's estate,
27,73
Franklin Colbiim,
10,74
Hiram "
7,88
Charles "
4,10
Gustavus A. "
9,43
lleuben "
16,42
George "
2,95
Geo. & Joseph Colbium,
3,02
John C. Colbum,
,58
Sam'l S. "
1,00
Henry S. «
2,55
Joseph
1,00
Joseph " 2d,
1,16
Edwin A. "
1,62
Geo. W. «
1,00
George " Jr.,
1,00
llobert Cleaves,
1,00
Eiiphalet Crocker,
5,48
Samuel "
4,69
Isaac "
1,00
PITTSTON. 189
NAlVTES. Total.
James S. Cate, $6,43
Samuel Chisam, 2,09
John Covil, 8,62
Hiram « 4,09
Wm. Cowell, 9,27
John Coss, 8,69
Thomas Coss, 6,76
Heirs of Thomas Coss, 1,04
Robert B. Caston, 9,80
WiUiam S. " 21,33
Henry L. Crowell, 4,73
James H. " 9,78
Alvin " 1,25
Michael Costellow, 1,00
Hartley & Sam'l Ctitts, Jr. 21,38
Washington Cutts, 16,84
William " 49,00
Amos W. " 6,86
Smith C. Cox, 35,05
Gershom L. Cox, 17,66
Lvither Cole, 1,00
James N. Cooper's est., ) ^g^^
Wm. Cooper, executor, 5 '
77,88
Alex'r Cooper's heirs, 52,21
Leonard " 14,50
Patrick McCue, 4,80
Alex'r McCollom, 5,72
Michael O'Connor, 6,38
Jesse Connor, 1,55
Samuel Clark's estate, 15,51
Hiram F. Clark, 1,00
AlphonsoH. " 9,22
Hiram & Alphonso Clark, 18,52
Lorenzo S. " 10,45
Albert M. " 1,00
Thomas " 2,32
Thomas " Jr., 15,62
Benjamin " 5,04
Robert M. " 8,03
David R. « 4,25
George " 1,00
Bumham " 1,00
Harrison *• 12,12
Jon. & Elbridge " 9,75
Richard F. CaU, 1,00
Richard " 10,08
Freeman " 8,16
Augustus L. " 13,72
Einathan " 10,20
James " Jr., 1,32
190
SKETCH OF PITTSTON.
NAMES.
Total. 1
NAMES.
Total.
James Cunningham's heirs,
$3,91
Joseph Follensbe,
$5,68
Charles '<
2,55
Augustus "
7,98
James H. '*
5,60
Levi H. Follet,
2,92
David M. '*
2,93
FrankHn Fifield,
6,03
James M. Carpenter,
13,67
Henry T. Franklin,
6,84
"KT x1 >1 JIT
Nath 1 M. Currier,
14,17
Francis Flitner's estate,
8,94
Asa C. Cross,
3,58
William "
3,66
Charles Carlton,
2,04
Wm. L. "
8,75
Robert Day,
1,00
Samuel 0. "
15,89
Thomas "
7,62
Benjamin "
21,02
Ebenezer "
1,57
Eli '*
3,43
William "
2,02
Samuel C. "
7,20
Isaac "
1,00
Joseph **
11,08
Warren "
7,46
Zacharias '<
10,31
Henry Dearborn,
20,25
Thomas FoUey,
1,16
Geo. A. "
10,09
Francis '*
1,00
Henry Dearborn & Eli
Thomas Farrell,
7,57
A. Young,
1,19
Isaiah Felker,
4,88
William F. Davis,
2,25
Darius Foivle,
1,00
John Doyle,
9,15
Geo. E. Getchell,
1,00
Thomas Doyle, 1st,
8,87
Daniel Glidden,
6,12
" " 2d,
5,74
Albert M. "
1,26
Peter '<
6,00
Abiel "
10,55
Silas Duell,
J ohn Dow,
9,16
Albert M. Glidden & Eli
9,43
Flitner,
8,78
John E,. Dow,
4,09
John McGugin,
John Given' s children,
9,12
Henry V
26,22
1,29
Thos. H. "
1,00
Freeborn Groves,
1,55
Martin Durgin,
Patrick "
9,54
Dennis GiLfoil,
7,18
1,00
Patrick Gillshannon,
6,27
Charles G. Delano,
1,00
Michael "
1,00
Aaron Dudley,
1,40
Ichabod Gray,
1,16
Aaron C. Dudley,
26
Samuel
2,94
Samuel «
1,16
A. Goodspeed,
] 3,09
Samuel L. «
1,00
Weston "
12,17
Jacob Dockendorf,
4,69
Theodore "
1,00
Philip *'
7,25
Abiel V. Goodwin,
15,21
John McDonald,
1,32
Par.dolph "
4,7i^
Gideon Derry,
2,55
Moses **
1,16
David Dodge,
1,42
10,07
Jordan Goodwin,
1,00
Edward Emerson, Jr.,
John "
1,42
James "
5,09
John Green,
3,22
David Erskine,
1,00
William "
7,36
Christopher "
1,00
Isaac '*
1,00
William Eldred,
7,21
Joseph "
George "
2,97
Henry Eaton,
4,22
6,12
"William Eolsom,
1 90
1 00
Trustam "
8,'? 7
Charles "
]il6
Benj. F, Fuller,
13,25
Jacob "
2,33
Simeon Fish,
3,20
Thomas «'
6,55
Benj. FoUensbe,
16,45
John "
3,95
SKETCH OF PITTSTON. 191
NA.MES.
lotai.
jrankliii (jrant,
$1,00
Charles B. Garland,
7,98
Jonathan Gilman,
7,22
William "
1,00
Plummer *'
3,27
Dennis Gould,
13,43
James "
8,39
Jesse "
5,48
William "
] ,72
WSl/dX Xv.
Reuben Haselton,
10,63
Sumner Hopkins,
William Huntington,
1,16
12,29
^ehemiah "
Kingsbury Hunt,
6,01
Louis "
6,63
Moses ♦*
9,83
Abraham
o,/o
Ephraim ' '
xiiUbna **
I ,'±0
"William *'
1 "? on
J o,ZU
inslo w ' '
lu,Oo
James *'
/,oy
Apollos "
xJetsey Match,
4,96
Benjamin "
14,87
Ephraim "
11,39
Phineas Higgins,
1 An
^Michael Hanley,
12,59
itoDert "
1,64
Bridget "
6,99
Francis "
1,00
Moses Harris,
OO AO
jrancis xlaii,
9,32
Francis " Jr.,
1,00
John "
1,00
1 nomas Haiey,
7,00
Woodbridge Haley,
D,DO
Silas Hutchins,
1,00
Ebenezer Hinds,
1,16
William F. Hanover,
4,98
Elijah Jackson,
13,25
iiiUjah «' Jr.j
3,54
wm. \y , **
8,90
George "
1,00
Samuel Jewett,
5,62
Samuel H. "
18,83
Moses "
10,66
George "
22,06
John "
68,59
Benjamin S. Jones,
10,85
NAMES.
Total.
Samuel James,
$5,34
M.
1,16
Washington "
1,00
Josephus *'
1,00
Saml. & Steph. Y. Johnson, 6,89
James F. '*
2,71
Samuel *'
9,34
Stephen Y.
5,56
Morton Johnston,
20,62
Theodore Knight,
1,00
WiQiam "
3,35
Ezekiel Keniston,
5,24
John Y. Kendall,
J 1,85
Joseph Kidder,
9,97
" B. "
5,41
Parker Kielly,
2,11
Moses King,
William King,
15,88
4,88
Freeman H. Kincaid,
4,46
Franklin Kinsman,
4,77
Alexander T. Keaton,
8,52
George Kimball,
Charles S. Loud,
8,36
1,00
Same, executor on Sarah
Reed's estate.
5,17
Charles Loud's heirs,
9,30
Abraham Lord,
1,00
Ephraim Lovett,
10,38
Edwin "
15,39
Kooert ±1. "
13,95
Thomas «
1,00
Daniel Little,
2,34
Eli "
10,67
William •*
6,53
John "
6,33
Elihu Loud,
1,00
Alexander Little,
1,00
Edward Long,
2,04
James "
3,66
tl USC^iJ. JLJCtjJlclilly
George W. Lyon,
10 91
14,'92
TiOrenzo Linscott,
Warren R. Lewis,
5,26
6,43
Ward L. "
6,64
James Lapham,
Eliphalet H. Lapham,
13,79
14.57
Isaac "
23,15
Jr.,
5,70
Samuel R. "
4,42
Rogers «
13,11
Andrew Leonard,
15,83
192 SKETCH OF
NAMES.
Total.
Jerome Leonard,
$1,00
Edward «'
1,00
Daniel Lawrence,
20,16
Edward " heirs,
7,75
David ««
5,17
Franklin "
7,20
Washington Lawrence,
11,59
Geo. W. Mansur,
" " " Jr.,
5,46
6,84
Job
3,22
(Charles
1,53
Henry P. Mansur,
4,31
Christopher Morton,
1,00
Samuel Morang,
1,00
Emulus Mars on,
10,30
Jacob "
15,93
John "
9,94
Isaac "
7,56
Samuel "
10,67
Stephen " Jr.,
20,63
Hiram "
11,56
Lorenzo "
15,45
James **
25,71
Benj. «
2,88
Noah
1,47
Joseph "
2,24
Samuel " 2d,
1,11
Charles Milliken,
Francis J. Matthews,
8,70
6,46
Lewis Mayers,
11,47
Samuel H. Moulton,
8,55
Oliver «
8,83
Jabez N. Mitchell,
,5,58
Enos "
15,70
Enos Jr.,
1,00
Abraham "
3,15
Thomas A. "
12,73
Michael Murphy,
3,98
Martin "
6,89
Thomas Meady,
3,58
"William Moody.
8,78
Lewis "
3,41
Smith «'
13,57
John "
6,32
John " Jr.,
5,47
Nath'l "
6,33
Lee '«
12,35
Royal *«
6,53
Daniel "
8,73
Levi «*
14,26
Charles «
4,44
PITTSTON.
NAMES.
Total.
Jonathan Moody,
$1,00
Matthew, "
4,05
Wilson "
1,00
Paschal P. Morrill,
5,29
Robert H. Moore,
Charles R. Mooers,
19,00
8,13
David N. "
1,00
Tristam "
8,28
Francis F. "
3,65
William "
1,52
William H. "
7,67
Rodney '*
5,69
Samuel Marina,
2,06
Albert Moore,
1,00
Amos Merrill,
5,43
James M. "
11,88
Alfred B. "
1,67
Gideon Meservey,
4,87
Frederic "
8,96
Stephen Neal,
4,04
Lemuel **
3,23
Wm. R. "
1,00
John Nash,
8,48
Henry "
7,41
Freeman Nash,
16,77
Francis "
9,89
Peter " Jr.,
1,00
Joseph Northey,
8,91
Joshua Nickerson,
15,98
Alexander Nichols,
20,33
George '*
10,30
Samuel estate,
25,92
Sarah "
15,50
John Nelson,
1,00
Daniel Nash,
1,00
Robert McKnight, Jr.,
1,62
Hiram "
1,00
Ebenezer Parker,
4,09
Geo. W.
1,00
President "
1,00
John Peaslee,
11,85
Dummer B. Peaslee,
5,39
Hartley "
1,78
Isaac "
6,58
Wm. & Jacob, '«
5,82
Joel Pulsifer,
11,75
William "
11,65
Alfred "
9,83
Benj. H. "
2,10
Ebenezer Pulsifer,
12,30
John Patterson,
8,03
SKETCH OF PITTSTON.
193
NAMES.
Total.
John p. Patterson,
$1,00
David Pottle,
8,07
Alfred "
6,99
William "
7,75
Abraham "
2,86
Moses "
1,08
John Porter,
1,85
Hiram Peatt,
1,00
'Wm. H. P archer,
20,17
James W. Potter,
4,15
Levi G. PhUbrick,
1,16
Jacob Peach,
3,84
Seth Palmer,
13,62
Amos "
6,03
Parsons "
11,46
Le-svis "
8,77
"Washington Palmer,
3,68
Valentine "
2,31
Miles "
10,02
Isaac "
1,00
James Roberts,
1,00
Hiram RoUins,
1,00
Ebenezer Rollins' heirs,
3,67
Lemuel N. '*
12,40
Geo. W. "
15,33
John '<
4,78
Eliphalet «'
1,16
"William " 2d,
28,00
Joseph & William Rollins,
18,92
Amos P. "
4,05
Heirs of James "
2,79
Carlastan "
1,00
Jonathan Reed,
19,67
William *•
13,45
John Richardson,
4,45
Franklin "
1,00
Ebenezer "
4,10
David Ramsdell,
2,40
Isaac Russell,
4,18
Sam'l B. "
5,45
DsLvid S. Rairdan,
15,48
Levi *'
5,81
Samuel S. "
1,67
Joseph Reeves,
1,00
Reuben Ricker
9 66
Hannah Stevens,
3,'99
John *'
1,16
Sanford «
18,50
WiUiam "
34,98
Estate of Reuben Stevens,
S,30
17
NAMES.
Total.
Wm. & estate of Reuben
Stevens, ,
pl9,38
Sarah H. Stevens,
4,96
Estate of Caleb Stevens,
69,1 8
William Stevens, 2d,
27,87
Wm. & estate of Hiram
Stevens,
30,82
Caleb Stevens,
1,93
John 0. P. "
1,00
Same, & Franklin Stevens,
4,75
Franklin
1,78
F. Stevens & Co.,
20,66
Franklin & estate of Hiram
Stevens,
1,29
J. 0. P. Stevens & Joseph
Bradstreet,
3,10
Isaac D. Seyburn,
1,00
Harrison Small,
15,72
John G. Savage,
3,10
George Stanley,
11,49
John Still,
John Scott,
4.56
21,07
" Jr.,
1,00
Daniel "
25,62
John Smith,
3,78
'* " Jr.,
10,11
George W. Smith,
4,48
James "
15,22
James P. '*
8,08
' '* " Jr.,
3,33
Samuel B. **
1,29
Isaac Sawyer,
7,91
Joseph Soper,
8,21
Seth
29,08
John "
14,23
Florence Sullivan,
5,63
Alfred StUhn,
18,62
Converse "
4,54
Edmund Stow's estate.
5,43
Alfred Smart,
5,39
Jonathan Snow,
10,00
Eliakim Scammon,
4,50
Charles "
1,00
Fuller G. Shaman,
3,74
Samuel Thomas,
9,01
Luther "
1,00
Warren D. Turner,
7,15
Daniel Thompson,
8,61
Benj. "
15,54
1,32
194
SKETCH OF PITTSTON.
NAMES.
Total.
Joel Thompson,
$8,74
" Jr.,
4,00
Hubbard •*
7,19
James "
12,85
John Thompson's estate,
6,31
James " 2d,
1,16
Benj. 0. Tarr,
William Troop,
3,02
20,50
Alex'r "
18,94
Jesse "
1,16
Joseph Tyler,
John Trask,
7,50
Abiel Tyler,
1,00
Joseph Varney,
80,14
Geo. Williamson,
101,17
Patrick Williams,
10,49
George White,
7,36
Rufus
15,50
David A. "
14,85
Isaac L. '*
11,55
Spencer F. Wadsworth,
6,90
Wm. B. Winslow,
6,59
Hiram Waitt,
Wm. Woodward,
11,54
1,00
NAMES.
Total.
James P. Wheeler,
$5,58
Joshua D. Warren,
Ji0,34
Caleb Waterhouse,
1,16
Franklin '*
1,00
Nelson *'
1,00
Wm. Walton,
1,00
Aaron P. Wade,
1,62
Isaac Ware,
6,00
James Jr.
8,66
Moses
1,00
William Ware,
6,32
Hiram "
3,10
James Welman,
1,16
Charles M. Webber,
5,13
Dudley Young,
3,72
Same, & Asbury Young,
Wesley "
36,78
7,86
William
11,43
Stephen
163,00
Eli A.
9,54
George F. "
1,21
Charles Yeaton,
12,43
Cyrus
6,03
This tax was assessed on $531,555, and was one cent and one-
third of a mill, per dollar.
i
CHAPTER VI.
SKETCH OF CARDINER FKOM THE INCOKPORATION TO THE YEAR 1852.
In the. year 1803 Pittston was divided, and the
land on the west side of the Kennebec was erected
into a distinct town. Gardiner was the one hun-
dred and fortieth town incorporated in Maine. The
original name, Cabbassa-contee, — the place where
sturgeons abound, — was changed to the present
name out of respect to the Gardiner family, the
first whites who possessed the soil, and especially
to compliment R. H. Gardiner, Esq., who came of
age about the time it was incorporated.
ACT OF INCORPORATION.
" Commonwealth of Massachusetts."
" Ix tlie year of our Lord One Thousand, Eight Hundred and
Three.
" An Act to divide the Town of Pittston, in the County of
Kennebec, and to incorporate the west part tliereof into a Town
by the name of Gardiner.
" Section 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Repre-
sentatives in General Court assembled, and the authority of the
same, that the Town of Pittston, in the County of Kennebec, be,
and the same hereby is, divided into separate Towns, by Kennebec
River ; and that the western part of said Town as described
■within the following bounds, to wit : Beginning on Kennebec
River, aforesaid, at the northeasterly corner of the town of Bow-
doinham, thence running up said River, in the middle thereof, to
the south line of the Town of Hallow ell, thence west north-west,
on the aforesaid south line, to Cobbossee-contee stream, thence
southerly, by the easterly margin of said stream to the north-west
196
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
corner of Bowdoinham, aforesaid, which is on the southerly side
of, and near the outlet of First, or Pleasant Pond, thence east
south-east, on the north line of said Bowdoinham, to the first
mentioned bounds with the inhabitants therein, be, and the same
hereby are, incorporated into a distinct Town, by the name of
Gardiner.
" Sect. 2. And be it further enacted, that in all State Taxes
which shall be required of said Towns, until a new general
valuation shall be taken, the sum of one dollar and fifty-three
cents, on one thousand dollars, with which the Town of Pittston,
is now charged, shall be divided equally between said Towns of
Pittston and Gardiner.
"Sect. 3. And be it further enacted, that the inhabitants of
said Town of Gardiner, and the non-resident proprietors of real
or other estate therein, shall pay all arrears of taxes, which have
been legally assessed upon them, by the Town of Pittston prior
to the passing of this Act ; and in like manner shall they pay
an equal proportion of all debts now due and owing from the said
Town of Pittston, and shall also be entitled to receive an equal
dividend of all debts or moneys, now due to said Pittston, from
collectors or other persons.
" Sect. 4. And be it further enacted, that the Town Magazine
of Military stores shall be estimated and equally divided between
said towns of Pittston and Gardiner ; and in case there are any
balances of money which have been raised by the Town of Pitts-
ton, and apportioned to the School districts, for the education of
children, now due to either of said districts in the Town of Gar-
diner ; the same shall be paid over by the Treasurer of said
Pittston to the Treasurer of said Gardiner.
" Sect. 5. And be it further enacted, that the inhabitants of
said Towns of Pittston and Gardiner, shall be chargeable in equal
proportions with the expense of supporting the poor, who at the
time of passing this Act, are the proper charge of the Town of
Pittston; and if any person or persons heretofore belonging to
the Town of Pittston aforesaid, and having removed thence, shall
be returned thither again, and become a public charge, the same
shall be paid equally by the said towns of Pittston and Gardiner.
" Whereas there is a Religious Society, incorporated by the
name of the Episcopalian Society in Pittston consisting of mem-
bers from various parts of said Town, and the house of public
worship being on the west side of Kennebec River, and whereas,
doubts and disputes may arise in regard to the operation of this
act on said society. Therefore,
" Sect. 6. Be it further enacted, that this Act shall not extend,
nor be construed to extend to the infringement or annulling in any
manner or degree whatsoever, an act entitled " An Act to incor-
porate a number of the inhabitants of the Town of Pittston, in
the County of Lincoln, into a parish by the name of the Epis-
copalian Society in Pittston."
" Sect. 7. And be it further enacted, that Jedediah Jewett,
Esq., be, and he hereby is empowered and required to issue his
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
197
Ts'arrant, directed to some principal inhabitant of said Town of
Gardiner, requiring him to notify and warn the inhabitants of
said town, qualified to vote in t0A\Ti affairs, to assemble* at such
time and place in said town, as shall be expressed in said warrant,
to choose all such officers as other towns within this Common-
wealth are by Law authorized or required to choose, in the month
of March or April, annually, and to transact such other matters
and things, as may be necessary and lawful at said meeting ; and
the officers^chosen as aforesaid, shall be qualified as other town
officers are.
" In the House of Representatives, Feb. 15, 1803.
" This Bill, ha-\dng had three several readings, passed to be
enacted.
"John C. Jones, Sp'k'r.
"In Senate, Feb. 17, 1803.
" This Bill, having had two several readings, passed to be
enacted.
"David Cobb, Presid't.
February 17, 1803.
" By the Governor, Approved.
'.'CALEB STRONG."
On the separation of Gardiner from Pittston, the
following persons were residents of Gardiner, and
paid the amount of taxes annexed to their names.
NAMES.
Jona. Babb,
William Barker,
Abial Beedle,
Young Booker,
Joseph Bradstreet,
Simon "
Xehemiah Brown,
Nathan Bridge,
John Butler,
Ebenezer Byram,
Benj. Chamberlain,
John Clark,
Abram Cleaves,
Ebenezer Colby,
Richard Clay,
Ebenezer Crowell,
John Dammon,
I. Davis & B. Davenport,
John Dennico,
Daniel Door,
Andrew Douglass,
James Dunlap,
Samuel Eastman,
17*
Total.
NAMES.
Total.
$2,32
Thomas Edgecomb,
$2,4:6
20,06
2,85
Samuel Elwell,
13,81
Joshua Fall,
2,88
2,30
2,78
Andrew Fitch,
28,56
Abraham Fitts,
3,42
23,86
Thomas Francis,
4,90
2,65
Jeremiah Fifield,
2,92
6,91
Barzillai Gannett,
6,49
2,33
John Gardiner,
8,50
8,80
Ephraim Goodwin, Jr.,
3,23
3,10
John Berry,
2,66
3,39
Seth Gay,
18,75
5,03
Rufus "
14,56
4,21
Isaac Goldsmith,
3,82
2,70
Jr.,
3,25
2,34
Zacheus Goodwin,
2,38
4,22
Benj. Grover,
3,03
6,41
James "
2,46
2,61
John Hanscom,
6,18
4,09
" " Jr.,
2,46
2,45
Harlow Harden,
3,95
3,28
Solomon Hatch,
3,08
5,26
Joseph Hill,
3,54
198
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
NAMES.
Total.
Dudley B. Hobart,
17,20
Reverus Hooker,
2,46
John Huntington,
2,44
Stephen Jewett,
10,83
Jesse '*
2,83
Samuel "
4,26
Osgood Johnson,
2,82
Jona. Kean,
2,78
James Kenney,
3,22
Joshua Knox,
David Lawrence,
5,01
9,34
Edward "
13,20
Maltiah *«
8,22
Geo. Leighton,
7,64
Matthias Lewis,
2,78
Joshua Lord,
14,22
James '*
3,40
James Marstin,
3,16
James McCausland,
5,43
Robert "
4,87
Gardiner "
2,78
Reuben Moore,
11,86
Julius Morton,
John Murray,
3,17
2,99
Simon "
2,34
William Nash,
2,64
Joseph Neal,
" 2d,
3,55
2,31
Caleb Niles,
2,57
John "
2,56
William Norton,
5,68
NAMES.
Total.
Simon Nudd,
7,64
Edward Peacock,
6,97
Jon. Perkins,
Andrew Phelps,
2,73
2,94
Ichabod Plaisted,
11,76
Henry Quincy,
4,72
Benj. Randall,
2,93
Ezekiel Robinson,
2,38
Benj. Shaw,
12,13
William Swan,
6,16
John Stone,
7,39
Eleazar Tarbox,
11,64
Samuel Tibbetts,
3,05
Thomas Town,
2,72
Israel "
2,72
Dominicus Wakefield,
3,14
Jeremiah "
9,68
Lemuel Walker,
6,84
James Webber,
2,44
Nathaniel Wells,
Ichabod Wentworth,
5,61
4,93
Nathaniel Woodbury,
5,54
Joseph "
3,41
Samuel "
2,42
Daniel Woodward,
2,70
NON-RESIDENTS.
R. H. Gardiner,
175,00
Robert HalloweU,
6,56
Samuel Spears,
2,73
Richard & Sally Perkins,
4,92
PERSONS WHO PAID A POLL TAX ONLY.
Silas Aldep,
Abraham Ba(?helder,
Thomas Berry,
Nath'l
John Bigelow,
Stephen Brown,
Moses Bracket,
David Burr,
John Cram,
Kbenezer Crosby,
James Davis,
James Douglass, Jr.,
Thomas Dearborn,
Henry Doe,
N. B. "
Simon
James Door,
Allen
David "
Robert Douglass,
Thomas W.^Doyle,
James P. Evans,
Henry Farr,
Henry Fitch,
Nevi^come Glidden,
Ephraim Goodwin,
Samuel Grant,
Paul Hildreth,
Daniel Henrd,
James Hustin,
Richard Knox,
Levi "
Joseph Longley,
Ebenezer Moore,
Joseph Nelson,
Daniel "
John
Samuel Noyes,
Jon. Orr,
Edward Partridge,
Joseph Plumraer,
William Pollard,
Andrew Potter,
Frederic Porter,
James Purrington,
Wni. Richardson,
David Ross,
Rice Rowell,
Annis Spears,
John Sprague,
John Taylor,
Daniel Tibbetts,
Wills,
JNath'l Woodbury,
Michael Woodward,
Asa Spears,
Ithiel "
SKETCH OF GABDINER.
199
Nath'l Marstin, I Francis Douglass, Jr., i Edward Welch,
Thaddeus Hildreth, Scipio Moody, Andrew Warren,
Francis Douglass, I Johnson Lunt, J John Hinkley.
The poll-tax was $1,59; the total amount of
taxes. $875,62. The town meetings were held in
the " Church House," as it was called, or the old
Episcopal Meeting-house. The only buildings Avhich
were then and are now in existence, are the old Post
Office, the Plaisted House, the Jewett House, at the
foot of Vine street, and the cottage occupied by S.
L. Plumrner, Esq. The old Post Office originally
faced the river, and had windows and doors quite
different from those it now possesses. It was, when
built, a very superior edifice. It was commenced by
James Flagg, but finished by Dr. Gardiner.
At the time Gardiner was incorporated there were
but one or two houses on Church hill, which was cov-
ered with a dense growth of pines. There was only
a store or two on Water street, and the valley of the
Cabbassa was a dense forest, as was most of the land
beyond Dr. Parker's, at the Point, and all the country
back of the river, with the exception of an occasion-
al farm.
After the act of incorporation was obtained, the
proper warrant was issued to Dudley B. Hobart, " one
of the principal inhabitants of the town of Gardiner,"
and the people came together in their first town meet-
ing, March 21st, 1803, at the " Church house." The
following is a list of the first Town officers : — Dud-
ley B. Hobart, Moderator^ Seth Gay, Town Clerk,
Barzillai Gannett, Dudley B. Hobart, and William
Barker, Selectmen and Assessors. Rufus Gay, Treas-
urer. Barzillai Gannett, Joseph Bradstreet, Samuel
Eastman, Isaac Goldsmith, John Stone and Joseph
H. Hill, Surveyors of Highways. Ebenezer Byram,
Reuben Moor, Seth Gay, Simon Bradstreet, Thomas
Berry, Samuel Elwell, Joshua Knox, John Gardiner,
Dudley B. Hobart, William Swan, John Sprague,
200
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
Stephen Jewett, Eleazar Tarbox, Harlow Harding,
Jeremiah Wakefield, John Stone, Samuel Eastman,
Lemuel Walker, Osgood Johnson, Barzillai Gannett,
Joshua Lord, William Norton, Andrew Bradstreet,
Surveyors of Lumber, and Cullers of Staves. Sam-
nel Eastman, William Swan, Ichabod Plaisted,
Lemuel Walker, John Cram, and Abraham Cleaves,
Tythingmen. Jesse Jewett, Sealer of Leather.
John Gardiner, Wm. Norton, Joshua Lord, Zacheus
Goldsrpith, Francis Douglass, Abraham Fitz, Abra-
ham Cleaves, Ephraim Goodwin, Jr., Dominicus
Wakefield, Hogreeves. Reuben Moor, Daniel Door,
Eleazer Tarbox, Nathaniel Wells, Samuel Tibbetts,
Joseph Neal, Fence-viewers and Field-drivers.
Samuel Eastman, William Swan, Isaac Goldsmith,
James Lord, Barzillai Gannett, School Committee.
Daniel Woodward, Pound-keeper. Joshua Lord.
Jesse Jewett, Ebenezer Byram, Harlow Harding,
Samuel Eastman, Fish Committee. William Swan,
Stephen Jewett, Nathan Jewett, Auditors of Ac-
counts. Barzillai Gannett, Town Agent. Stephen
Jewett, Collector and Constable.
" Yoted that one dollar be allowed per day for a
man, and the same for a yoke of oxen, calculating
JO hours of faithful labor for a days work."
The money raised for the support of the Gospel
was, by a vote of the town, appropriated to the
support of the Episcopal mode of worship, but
those who attended public worship at the Methodist
or Baptist meetings, wer6 allowed to direct their
proportion of the amount raised. Ichabod Plaisted
was chosen to lay out the proportion claimed by
the Methodists, and James Lord and Abraham
Cleaves, that claimed by the Baptists.
Efforts having been made by Elisha Getchell and
others, to erect a bridge across the Kennebec, at
Swan Island, Barzillai Gannett, Sanford Kingsberry,
and Joshua Lord, were chosen a committee to protest
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
201
against the movement, as one calculated to injure the
coasting trade, and to destroy that inland navigation
which nature had made, and produce one of the
greatest evils which could befall this part of a new
and flourishing country." This was before the in-
vention of modern draws.
Maj. Barzillai Gannett whose name we have mention-
ed, was one of our most popular and useful men, and
he had succeeded in securing the confidence of peo-
ple, as much as any one who ever resided in this
town. He was a pillar of the Episcopal Church,
and a man of the best education and talents. He
had filled Town, State, Federal and Ecclesiastical
offices, and given great satisfaction. He was a Sen-
ator in 1807. In an unguarded moment, he com-
mitted a slight breach of trust, which he might very
easily have compromised, but so great was his pride
that he could not hold his head up among his former
friends, and he suddenly disappeared. Nothing was
heard from him for years, except that, occasionally
his wife would receive a line from him, now dated
here, now there ; and it was only known to his
family and friends that he was living. At length a
clergyman, a son of Bishop Chase of Ohio, was
here on a visit, and Mrs. Gannett related her story to
him. In the course of her recital she described her
husband's appearance. He was a man of very com-
manding presence, and the description was so
wonderfully that of a gentleman who was a mem-
ber of Bishop Chase's congregation, and President of
a bank in Zanesville, that Mr. Chase could not avoid
mentioning the fact. Bat there was a difficulty.
The gentleman to whom he referred was married,
and had two children in Ohio, and his name was
Benjamin Gardiner. He however wrote a letter to
his father, detailing the facts in the case, and so great
an impression Avas made on the mind of the Bishop,
202
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
that he sent for Mr. Gardiner, and read him the let-
ter. It was Mr. Gannett. He acknowledged his
guilt, and immediately fled. His wife was a woman
of the most respectable connections in Ohio, and Mr.
Gannett occupied a fine position in the community.*
It has since been rumored that Mr. Gannett was subse-
quently employed in teaching in Virginia. His story
well illustrates how easily the best talents and ac-
quirements are rendered useless when once they are
prostituted to the service of sin. Perhaps he is yet
living in unhonored obscurity, when he might be
enjoying the respect of a large circle of friends and
fellow-citizens.
The road from Church's old mill to the east side
of the county road, was accepted in 1805 ; and that
from Church's to Gardiner's mill, in 1809.
In order that our readers may see the state of the
temperance question and what sort of physicians we
had in old times, we copy the following curious
extract from Kendall.f " Five miles below the
mouth of the Cabbassaguntiquoke, is a ferry by
which I crossed the river to Pittstown on my way to
Wiscasset, a distance of about twenty-five miles.
At a short distance from the river, I passed the house
of Doctor Jewell^ whose name was conspicuous on
a signboard of azure blue, swinging in the wind.
But what was the sign ? A golden pestle and
mortar ? No ; but a punch-bowl and ladle ! The
doctor keeps a public house, or, as the term is, a
tavern. It is pleasant to see a physician in his bar
mixing toddy instead of juleps, and giving a cordial
to those that ask his assistance, without a vile label,
— Take tioo table spooiifulls, &c." There were
no anti-liquor laws in those days. This will be
* Daniel Nutting, Esq.
t Travels in Maine in 1808-9.
SKETCH OF GARDINER. 203
further seen in the following bill of expenses for
digging a well, as they used to dig in former times.
1808. Oct, 12, To 3-4 lb. powder, ,42
To 31b. do. at ,75 2,25
To 1 barrel, 50
To 1 lb. poAvder, 50
To 1 Day by William on well, 1,00
24, To 1-2 lb. Powder, 25
# To 8 1-2 Days work, drilling in the well
at $1,25. 10,62
To 1 Gall. Rum, 1,34
To 16 1-2 Days work by Noah Loud, at 84, 13,86
To 13 1-4 lb. Rope for fall, 2,21
To paid Cutt & Stevens for drill, 37
To 4 lb. Drills, 80
To 1 DriU, ,50, facing hammer, 1,00, 1,50
To paid for sharpmg Drills, &c., 2,09
$37,71
The condition of Gardiner at this time is thus
described by the traveler Kendall, who passed
through in 1808.
" On the river Cobbisseconti, or Cobbeseconte,
near its entrance into the Kennebec, is a cataract of
some magnitude, at the present moment enveloped
in forest. On the banks above are the remains of
the church set on fire by the maniac mentioned as
confined in the gaol at Augusta. The mouth of
the Cobbeseconte is in Gardiner, at five miles below
Hallowell Hook, where there is a small village, with
saw-mills, flower and fulling mills, and dyeing works
the property of Mr. Hallowell Gardiner, son of Mr.
Robert Hallowell of Boston ; and on the opposite
side of the river, is Mr. Gardiner's house. This
family, along with the families of Mr. Benjamin
and Mr. Charles Yaughan, and Mr. Merrick, has
carried to the Kennebec the useful and politer arts."
In the year 1807, the attention of the town was
directed to the question of eftecting a separation of
the district of Maine from the Commonwealth of
204
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
Massachusetts, and the vote in Gardiner stood thirty-
six for, and thirty-five against a separation.
It seems that the town fathers were resolved to en-
gage in the war of 1812, if necessary, for we find
that they voted, Nov. 2, to give those men who were
attached to the service, ten dollars per month, if they
were called into actual duty. It was also voted, Oct.
1, 1814, that Messrs. Nathan Bridge, Rufinf Gay and
Joshua Lord, be a committee of safety, to warn the
people of approaching dangers. (See Military.) May
20, 1816, the subject of a separation from Massa-
chusetts was again brought before the town, and the
vote stood sixt3''-two for, and forty-one against.
This decision being somewhat unsatisfactory, an-
other meeting was held September 2, and the vote
then stood sixty-nine for, and seventy-six against.
Frederic Allen was chosen delegate to the Conven-
tion, holden that winter. May 2, 1819, however,
the town voted for a separation. On the 26th of
July the vote was taken, and resulted in 215 for,
and 41 against, and on the 20th inst., Sanford
Kingsberry and Jacob Davis were chosen delegates
to the convention.
In 1814 a strip of land on Bowman's point was
severed from Gardiner and added to Hallo well.
This land was thought to belong to Hon. R. H.
Gardiner, but it was at length seen to belong to
Bowman's Point. Mr. Wm. G. Warren was an
occupant of this land, and went with it and became
a Q||izen of Hallowell. He remained such until
18^4, when Bowman's Point was joined to Gardi-
ner.
Most of our citizens who are past middle life
remember Jemmy, or as he was more familiarly
known. Born-drunk Davis. It is reported that he
saved a worthy citizen from drowning, in early life,
and that out of gratitude he received a life-lease of
a farm, which made him comfortable for the remain-
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
205
der of his days.* He was an inveterate drinker of
ardent spirits. On one occasion, Moses Springer,
father of Moses Springer, Jr., one of the most pop-
ular lecturers, as well as one of the most scientific
astronomers in New England, asked him why it was
that he was so fond of getting drunk. His reply
was, "Ah! that's my only failing ; but there are
two of us, and we don't agree. Jemmy don't want
alcohol, but Davis will have all he can get.
When I come to a tavern, Davis says, 'come, let's
have a drink!' but Jemmy says 'no!' Davis
however always proves stronger, and so he has his
own way. Jemmy is a sober man and always was,
but Davis was born drunk !" In this way he ob-
tained the sobriquet of Born-drunk, which he carried
through life. He was a worthy man with the
exception of this besetting sin.
The growth of Gardiner may be learned by a
view of the statistics for the year 1820.
AGRICULTURAL CAPITAL AND PRODUCTS IN GARDINER IN 1820.
413 acres of tillage ; 1479 acres of upland mow-
ing; 4 acres of fresh mowing; 1270 acres of pas-
ture; 162 houses; 195 barns; 86 horses ; 315 oxen ;
441 cows ; 337 swine ; 2576 bushels of Indian
corn ; 1056 bushels of wheat ; 59 bushels of rye ;
910 bushels of oats ; 84 bushels of barley ; 239
bushels of peas and beans ; 1499 tons of upland
hay, and 4 tons of fresh hay; 1532 tons of shipping;
$21,750 of stock in trade. The average wealth of
each person in the State being $100, each persdfi'in
Gardiner was worth $160.
When the question came up on the adoption of
the new Constitution, (Dec. 6, 1819,) the people
were found unanimously in favor thereof.
* Moses Springer, Esq.
18
306
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
In the year 1820, attempts were made to procure
a suitable building to be owned by the town, for the
purpose of meetings, and it was voted that the old
Church House be purchased, agreeably to the propos-
als of the wardens ; namely : that the town pay four
hundred dollars in one year, for the church, and a
lease of the land twenty years. R. H. Gardiner,
Esq., agreed to pay one half of the amount, and
wait one year for his payment.
Nov. 6, 1820, Christians of all denominations were
permitted to hold meetings for worship in the old
Church or Town House whenever they wished.
The Gardiner Lyceum was established by Mr.
R. H. Gardiner, in the year 1822. It was designed
to be in all respects a college, without the dead lan-
guages. It was kept in a fine stone building, and
had an excellent cabinet and apparatus. Professor
Hale was installed as principal, January 1, 1823.
He gave a course of lectures on Chemistry, for which
he charged $5, a price contrasting strongly with the
prices of such entertainments at the present day.
Mr. Hale left in 1827, and was soon succeeded by
John K. Lothrop. The institution languished, and
was at length organized as an academy, in 1848 ;
Dr. G. S. Palmer, Principal. In 1851 a public High
School was opened in the building.
April 21, 1823, the services of John Brann were
procured, for $500,- for the current year, to take care
of the poor of the town.
The first movement in behalf of Temperance was
April 7, 1828, when it was voted, " that the Select-
men, Treasurer and Town Clerk be requested not to
license any persons as retailers, except those whom
they may consider (fit) for that purpose, and who
will sign a written promise not to retail liquors to be
drank in their shops and stores, or the appurtenances
thereof, and also not to (sell) liquor in any quantities
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
207
to any person, or any of their families, when they
shall be forbidden, &c. And the Selectmen are re-
quested to prosecute all who shall (sell) liquor at
retail, without license, or in violation of any of the
laws."
On the night of July 4, 1S33, after a somewhat
enthusiastic celebration of the anniversary of Nation-
al Independence, the old Town House was ascer-
tained to be on fire. It was entirely consumed, and
was supposed to have been kindled in a frolic, by
men full of something more ardent than patriotism.
It w^as so dilapidated that the loss was felt to be very
slight.
Aug. 24, 1833, Messrs. Frederic Allen, Benj. Shaw,
Aaron Haskell, Daniel Nutting and A. S. Chadwick,
were appointed a committee to select a suitable site,
and make other provisions for a Town House.
There seems to have been a great degree of effort
on the part of the friends of Temperance, in the
year 1834, for we find five votes passed March 3d ;
First, that no one be licensed to sell ardent spirit to
be drunk on the premises. Second, that no licences
at all be granted. Third, to reconsider the second
vote. Fourth, that the Selectmen withhold licenses
where they legally can. Fifth, that Benj. H. Field,
H. B. Hoskins, Wm. Bradstreet, Silas Holman, Ar-
thur Berry, John P. Hunter, Isaac Lawrence be a
committee to prosecute all illegal sales. Virtue must
have been its own reward, for it was expressly stip-
ulated that they have no reward for their services.
In the year 1836 another committee was chosen for
the same purpose, consisting of Ansyl Clark, Aaron
Haskell, John P. Hunter, George Plaisted and John
D. Gardiner.
Hon. George Evans, a citizen of Gardiner, was
born in Hallowell, Jan. 12, 1797, and was educated
for college at the academies in Monmouth and Hal-
208
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
lowell. Noted for " an apt and vigorous mind," he
was able to enter Bowdoin College at the early age
of fourteen, from which he was graduated in the
year 1815. He immediately commenced the study
of the law, and after three years of preparation, he
began the practice of his profession in Gardiner,
and rapidly rose to a commanding position.
In 1825 he was elected a member of the Maine
House of Representatives, which office he held for
four years, the last of which he was Speaker of the
House. The duties of the latter difficult station
were discharged with great ability.
In 1829 he was elected to Congress, receiving
597 votes in Gardiner against 5 for all others, and
remained a member of the Lower House for twelve
consecutive years, and, though elected for a seventh
term, he was chosen United States Senator for a
full term. His career as a Statesman has drawn
great praise from his political friends, and his finan-
cial abilities have been pronounced by Mr. Webster
equal to those of any man since Crawford and Gal-
latin, and not surpassed by either of those great men.
In 1849 President Taylor appointed him Chairman
of the board of Commissioners on Mexican Claims,
the duties of which responsible office he discharged
with great fidelity, and to the complete satisfaction
of the Government. He has declined the offers of
Chargeship to Nicaragua, and Commissioner on
California lands. As a lawyer and Statesman, Mr.
Evans occupies a high rank. His powerful defence
of Dr. Coolidge, and his many forensic efforts at
the bar, prove his legal attainments to be of the first
order, while his speeches on the Tariff and other
financial questions evince great knowledge of politi-
cal economy, and a mind sufficiently comprehensive
and powerful to grasp the preatest questions con-
nected with the science of Government.
S-lCETCH OF GARDINER. 209
About one hundred and twenty-five feet above the
river, in the pleasantest part of the city, the Common
is situated. It occupies the summit of Church Hill,
contains about five acres, and is enclosed by a neat
fence. It is well ornamented with trees, which, as
they are improved by future years will possess great
beauty. The view is one which can never be destroy-
ed, and stretches over a Avide and pleasant country,
as far as the northern part of Pittston, and on a clear
day, the State House at Augusta. It forms the most
beautiful place in the city.
This land was given to the town of Gardiner, in
the year 1824, by R. H. Gardiner, Esq., on condi-
tions that it should be properly fenced, ornamented
with shrubbery, and kept as a public place. The
terms were not fulfilled, and in 1843 the donor very
properly threatened to retract the land, which had
risen to a value of $16,000, and he Avas forced to
take possession of his property ; but, on witnessing
a disposition to improve the spot, the generous giver
gave It agaiiT, and since then several hundreds of
dollars have been expended, and the spot is an orna-
ment to the city, and a monument to the generosity
of the donor. It was conveyed to the city in the
name of Mrs. R. H. Gardiner, by Francis Richards,
trustee.
One of the most interesting incidents in the his-
tory of Gardiner, was the discovery of a singular
cave near Rolling Dam brook. The following
account of it is abridged from a very interesting
description burnished for the Eastern Chronicle by
H. B. Hoskins, Esq. Some one was walking near
the spot in March, 1826, when he thought he dis-
covered smoke issuing from- the top of a hollow,
blasted tree, about twenty feet from the ground.
As he was observing it his foot broke through the
surface of the ground, and he heard voices beneath
his feet, and ran for assistance before venturing on
18*
210
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
a search. When others came, about an hour after-
ward, the inmates had fled, but the following discov-
ery was made. In a steep hill of stiff clay, about
a third of a mile from the Kennebec, and some forty
rods from any path, a small opening, about two feet
in diameter, was discovered, facing the brook, art-
fully concealed by a lattice of twigs and moss and
leaves. Only one person could enter the aperture
at a time, and he by lying flat on the ground, and
using much muscular exertion. About five feet
from the entrance the cave commenced. It was
about four by six feet, and was supported by pieces
of split pine, and small pules. The fire place was
opposite the entrance, and had become hard by the
action of the fire. The smoke ascended through
the blasted tree. All over the soil above trees were
growing, and the excavation had been made in the
clay by patient labor, and so artfully concealed that
only accident could have found it. Within the cave
were found tattered fragments of old garments, a
mooseskin and sheepskins composing the bed, a
tea kettle and broken spider, a hand gristmill like a
paint mill, and proofs that it had been used in grind-
ing wheat, an axe, a hoe, a sword cane, and a small
book of birchen bark with five or six leaves covered
with singular characters. Every thing looked like
poverty, and from the fact that only petty thefts
had been made in the neighborhood, it would seem
that the occupants levied contributions for the single
purpose of supporting life. They were probably a
man and a woman, as the tracks of t)ne of the
fugitives were quite diminutive, and an article of
female apparel was found, dropped in flight. The
footsteps were traced until they entered a beaten
path leading to the river, and then they were lost ;
and though much inquiry has been raised, the char-
acter and object of those who chose this singular
retreat are wrapped in entire mystery. No clue has
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
211
ever been obtained, and the most romantic theories
have been started to account for the singular dis-
covery. The subject is still open.
A new era in traveling was opened, in the year
18*26, when the Steamer Waterville began to run on
the Kennebec. She was followed in J 827 by the
Patent. It was not until 1 836 that steamboat trav-
eling between Boston and Kennebec commenced.
That year the New England began her trips, and
continued them until she was lost in / 1838. In
1827 an hourly stage between Augusta and Gardiner
was attempted, but it did not succeed. It was not
until 1834 that the enterprise became permanent.
At that time David Landers, the present veteran
driver commenced his hourly. A steam ferry was
chartered in 1829. The first telegraphic despatch
c^e in on the wires, July 19, 1850, and the first
train of cars entered Gardiner, Nov. 10, 1851.
In 1837 it was voted that the town receive the
surplus revenue, and devote it to the support of
common schools. In the following year, however,
it was voted to divide it according to the census of
1837.
May 14, 1842, it was " voted, that the resolutions
offered by E. F. Deane, be accepted ; which are as
follows : —
" Resolved, that the business of selling intoxicat-
ing drinks, is regarded by the inhabitants of this
town as dangerous and injurious to the welfare and
happiness of our citizens, dishonorable to the in-
dividuals engaged in it, and a violation of the moral
sense of the community.
" Resolved, that the traffic in ardent spirits and
other intoxicating drinks, except for medicine, and
mechanical and chemical uses, ought entirely to
cease among us, and that the Town officers whose
duty it is to attend to the subject, be instructed to
take immediate measures for its suppression. Yoted
212
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
that said resolves be published in the Gardiner Spec*
tator."
The resolutions, substantially, were presented the
following year by Dr. Silas Holman, and the Town
voted to sustain all prosecutions brought by the
licensing Board.
Nov. 30, 1846, Gen. G. W. Bachelder introduced
some resolutions touching the license law, and a
committee Avas raised to insist on its enforcement.
January 4, 1847, it was voted to pay a night watch
in each school district, with the money collected in
said district, for violations of the license law. And
in March, it was voted to take all such money to
assist in supporting schools.
Oak Grove Cemetery was consecrated July 19th,
1848. Prayer by Rev. Mr. Staples ; Reading of
Scriptures by Rev. J. P. Weston ; Address by Rev.
George Burgess ; Reading of Hymn and Benediction,
by Rev. Mr. Soule, of Pittston. This is a lovely
city of the dead, containing five acres of land, adorn-
ed with trees and shrubbery and enclosures, all evinc-
ing much taste. It is one of those places Avhich are
springing up throughout the world, the product of
those Christian ideas of death which are taking pos-
session of the hearts of men. Once the bleakest,
loneliest, most barren spot in all the region round,
was selected as a place of deposit for the departed.
Usually it was a wild, sandy waste, on Avhich no
vegetation smiled. Perhaps a thorn or thistle nod-
ded in the wind, or some dismal colored hearse
house clapped and clattered in the fitful gust. Ven-
omous reptiles crawled and hissed among the for-
saken graves. Here how changed ! The oak, and
walnut, and beech, grow in shadowy beauty, and
Morning and Evening silently come, and with their
invisible fingers make holy melody among the
sombre branches of the murmuring pines. When
the pilgrim arrives at the end of Life's journey, he
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
213
enters this valley of peace, and makes his bed of
rest amid the haunts of Nature. Above him rise the
forest trees wrestling with the blasts of winter,
bright with early spring, waving with the foliage
of summer, or clothed in th"fe rainbow hues of au-
tumn. They cast their shadows across the little
graves where the Early Called are resting, and they
wave their eternal murmurs above those in the win-
ter of life. The woodland streamlet makes sweet
music among the mossy roots. Here Evening's tears
of dew are seen, and here Morning kindles a rainbow
in each transparent drop. Here the summer birds
chant a constant requiem, and here the flowers, em-
blematic of undying affection, surround his grave.
Year by year. Oak Grove will possess new attrac-
tions, and a grave there, will be seen to be what it
really is, — the lowly portico of the Infinite temple
above.
At the annual meeting in 1849, it was voted to
petition the State Legislature, for a City charter.
The petition was granted, and Nov. 26th, the char-
ter was accepted by a vote of 336 to 284.
William Burns, a Gardiner boy, achieved re-
markable distinction as an editor. He was born in
Gardiner, May 2, 1819, and died June 21, 1850,
aged 31 years. At the age of seven years, his
father removed to Boston, where the youth received
an American common school education. While yet
quite young he was employed as principal or assist-
ant editor of the Herald. Morning Star, News, in
Boston ; and the Aurora, Sunday Atlas, Evening Tat-
tler, Sunday Times, Morning Chronicle, Brooklyn
Daily Star, Sun, and Dispatch, in New York. When
he died, he had charge of the Dispatch, which,
though but five years old, had attained a circulation
of lodOO copies, and three other papers were issued
from the same office, all under the charge of Mr.
214
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
Burns. He was a rare instance of talent and enter-
prise.
In February, 1852, the citizens met to consider
whether the city should not rehnquish its corporation,
and decided negatively.*" At about the same time a
movement was made to separate the upper part of
the city, and form another town with a part of Hal-
lowell and West Gardiner. The southern bound
was to be the northern line of Frederic Allen's estate.
The same year as well as the year previous, great ef-
forts were made to obtain a draw bridge across the
Kennebec. Originally the city contained seven wards,
but on the secession of West Gardiner, in 1850, there
were but six left,
Gardiner is situated at the true head of summer
navigation on the Kennebec river. A few light ves-
sels, of small size pass up to Hallo well, and even to
Augusta, in the summer, though the water is so shal-
low that travelers frequently see them aground. Nav-
igation cannot be carried on to advantage above
Gardiner. The location of the city in this respect,
and its situation on the Cabbassa, qualify it to be the
first city in the valley of the Kennebec.
The Cabbassa has 127 feet fall, in one mile and a
third, and has opportunities for seven dams, six of
which are built. Each dam is capable of running
5,000 spindles, or six paper mill engines, at low
water ; or 20,000 for six months of the year. Only
a power of about 13,000 spindles, or 15 engines is
now in use ; but with the introduction of modern
wheels in the place of the present, there could be at
least three times the machinery run. There is no
dam at one place, two have no machinery, and the
other four are not improved as they might be.
Doubtless the stream is capable of running 35,000
spindles, or 42 paper-mill engines, at low water, or
140,000 spindles, or more than 100 paper-mill en-
jgines for six months in the year. — R. K. Littlejield,
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
215
Had these opportunities been improved before rail-
roads had brought other water powers into the mark-
et, the stream Avould support a population at least
three times as large as that of Gardiner. As it is,
it stands in the front rank of New E^ngland cities.
The soil is mostly a clayey loam ; the rocks are
granite, the general surface of land undulating, the
water soft. The original growth was hemlock, pine,
oak, rockmaple, birch and beech. There is now an
area of 10,448 acres, within the limits of the city.
Dr. Jackson says, In Gardiner there is a deposit
of tertiary clay, filled with remains of marine shells.
This deposit occurs near the house of Mr. Allen,
forming a steep cliff, elevated 50 feet above the
level of the river. Mrs. Allen has made a collection
of the various fossils which occur buried here.
During the last spring, while giving a short course
of lectures in this town, I had occasion to examine
this locality, and obtained a great number of perfect
shells such as sanguinolaria, mya, venus, mactra,
saxicava, astarte castanea, balani and nucula. All
these shells are of marine origin, and were evidently
the inhabitants of the clay when it was covered with
the waters of the sea. The w^hole mass is now 60
or 70 feet above its level, and has doubtless been
elevated by subterranean power to its present situa-
tion. This deposit belongs to two distinct epochs,
called the pliocene and the newer pliocene. It is
remarkable that the substance of these shells decom-
poses more rapidly than the animal matter, forming
their epidermis, or outer skin; hence we find. this
matter remaining, with a most perfect impression
of the shell, while the calcareous substance has dis-
appeared, or is reduced to fine powder. The clay
itself has the color of marsh mud, and traces of the
decomposed seaweeds xire easily detected, while the
clay is black from the quantity of decomposed
marine vegetable matter which it contains.
216
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
" This tertiary deposit is identical with that of
Bangor and with that in Portland and Westbrook.
It probably extends along the banks of the river
from Augusta to Gardiner, and from thence to the
mouth of the river, with interruptions here and
there. It never attains an elevation of more than
100 feet above the sea level. The rocks in this
place are principally gneiss, charged with so large a
proportion of sulphuret of iron, as to decompose
with great rapidity. On Iron Mine Hill the strata
run N. E. and S. W-, and dip N. W. 70 or 80^.
The rocks there may be seen crumbling to powder
with great rapidity, so that the surface of the earth
is covered with their detritus. The soil is in con-
sequence generally barren around, since sulphate of
iron is destructive to vegetation. By treating this
soil with lime, it may be improved so as to become
extremely fertile, for not only will the sulphate of
iron be decomposed, and rendered inert, but the lime
combining with its sulphuric acid, will form an
abundance of gypsum or plaster of Paris, a valuable
manure."
Dr. Lyell in his tour in America, came to Gardi-
ner, expressly to visit this locality, and he thinks that
the remains here found, would prove the existence of
a former ocean, if there were no other evidence else-
where. The clay deposits are in some places — he
says — 170 feet thick, and almost every little rivulet
has hollowed out valleys some 70 feet deep. The
conical hills, or mounds, were caused by denudation,
when the continent was rising out of the sea. This
clay is rich in remains for the inspection of geolo-
gists, as Mrs. Frederic . Allen's collection will abun-
dantly testify.
The valley of the Cabbassa-contiag must have
presented a picturesque appearance before the hand
of civilization had marred its natural beauty ; and
especially the deep gorge commencing near the New
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
217
Mills, and continuing almost to the mouth. The
wild, shaggy glen, filled with a rich growth of
forest, the ever sonorous waterfalls, and the general
beauty of the stream are not often equaled. Even
as lately as 1820 the young people of the town
found beautiful places of resort among the tangled
shrubbery that fringed its silver marge. The young
ladies of Gardiner, as appears by a note lying before
me, addressed by Mrs. L. M. Child to Mrs. Esther
Nudd, had dedicated a bower to the genii of the
spot, and were accustomed to take great delight in
its pleasing shade. But the rude hands of Art and
Industry have destroyed the sylvan beauty that ren-
dered the region so delightful to the Red Men, and
now, with the exception of here and there a fine
residence or street, the city is quite utilitarian in its
appearance, especially the business streets.
Cabbassa-contee river, rises in Winthrop Pond,
and other ponds in Mt. Yernon and Wayne, and
after nearly surrounding a large part of Gardiner, it
empties into the Kennebec, being 35 miles long.
It is fed by over twenty ponds. The water never
fails for manufacturing purposes. It is so warm,
as usually to thaw the ice in the Kennebec for a
considerable distance before the ice leaves the river.*
The Indians used to sayf that the Cabbassa was
thus made : — A mighty manitou stood where the
outlet now is, and with an axe hewed through the
solid rock, and cut a channel.
The compiler designed to present a lithographic
view of Gardiner, but the city is so imfortunately
situated, that it cannot all be seen from any one
place, unless one had an air balloon. In the absence
* Fariuers for tliirfcy-'five mile? around, were forced to resort to
tlie gristmill on. this btream in August 1825, in conseq[uence of
the low condition of other streams.
t Kendall.
19
218
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
of such a view, here follows a most excellent pen-
and-ink sketch.
A writer in the Transcript of March 20, 1850,
thus speaks of Gardiner : — " The physiognomy of
Gardiner is decidedly striking. It is masculine in
the extreme. There is nothing boyish or effeminate
about it, — not but that there are boys and girls
enough of all ages in the place, but we are speaking
of the city, not citizens. It has a rough, day-laboring
look, which makes you feel at once, on entering it,
that here is the health, here are the bone and muscle ,
the vigor and the energy, to make business thrive,
and the place go ahead, through thick and thin. It
is none of your level, smooth-faced, quiet, genteel,
tame-looking places, to which you can apply (he
word handsome in the sense that the ladies some-
times apply it to iriilk-and-molasses visaged men ; on
the contrary, the visage of the place, the general
cast of its features is decidedly repulsive ; but as
with many individuals, their real beauties lie con-
cealed beneath an ugly exterior, like honey in an
old fashioned beehive, so there are many things in
this unprepossessing city, which on a longer acquaint-
ance, serve to awaken delight and attachment. The
city lies upon the west bank of the Kennebec, and
like a circle of Gipsy tents, faces the rising sun ;
that is to say, it lies upon . an eastern slope of land,
and nearly all its dwellinghouses, I may safely say
nine-tenths of them, face eastward. To a visitor
sailing up the river, and thus taking at first a facial
view of the town, the first object that strikes his
eye as he rounds the blulf called Barker's Point, and
gets a glimpse of the village, are eight or ten large
wharves with probably one or two vessels moored at
each, and some of tliem covered with huge piles of
lumber. Then the long row of stores extending
towards the north-west, the distance of half a mile.
These are mostly brick buildings, and being only
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
219
three stories in height, do not present a very impos-
ing appearance. Unlike the dwelHnghonses, these
have their back ends to the river, and some of them
present very uncomely posteriors, especially those,
the upper stories of whicli are occupied by families.
How different would be their appearance, if they
fronted on a wide and handsome street, rnnning
along on the bank of the river, and up the southern
shore of Cobbossee-contee bay. In point of taste,
convenience and profit, a row of stores, in every place
which is likely to attaai a large size, should have, to
use an Irish expression, the "front doors on the back
side."
" The saw-mills are the next more notable objects
which would be likely to draw the stranger's atten-
tion. Five or six of them extend across the bend of
Cobbossee-contee bay, northerly at a right angle
Avith Water street. AH around them are huge piles
of lumber, and about 30 feet belov/ them lies the
bay, a shallov/ body of water, about 8 acres in ex-
tent, and thickly paved with mill logs, upon which,
at all times of the day, may be seen numbers of
hardy lumbermen, with their long pick poles, se-
lecting the logs by their marks, and moving them
slowly up to the foot of the slip, up which they are
drawn into the mills, by water power machinery.
Beyond these mills to the west, is the deep gorge
through which flows the Cobbossee-contee river,
lined on either side with saw-mills, factories, tanne-
ries and other water works of the city. Sloping
from the Kennebec to the westward, and from the
Cobbossee-contee to the north, south, and west, the
land spotted with houses of every size and sort, rises
gradually to the height of about 125 feet. On the
summit of the northern slope stands the Methodist
chapel ; on that of the southern slope, rise conspicu-
ous the spires of the Episcopal and Universalist
churches.'^
I
220
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
One of the finest residences and country seats
in New England, an ornament to the State, and an
object of attraction to the traveler and the stranger,
is Oakland Place, the estate belonging to and occu-
pied by Hon. R. H. Gardiner.* It extends about one
mile along the river, and contains 310 acres of
every variety of soil and landscape. The house,
a splendid one, of the finest granite, is erected in the
style of rural architecture which prevailed during
the reigns of Henry VHI and Elizabeth, and was
finished in 1836 at an expense of more than
$32,000. Mr. Downing, in his Landscape Garden-
ing and Rural Architecture, says, " In Maine the
most remarkable seat, as respects landscape garden-
ing and architecture, is that of Mr. Gardiner, of
Gardiner." It is surpassed by few if any residences
in New England, and the estate itself is most
elegantly situated, and adorned with great taste.
Besides this are several residences of great beauty,
occupying eligible sites. Such are the elegant
houses on Main street, extending from Frederic
Allen's to Hon. Parker Sheldon's inclusive ; William
S. Grant's, John Dennis', Francis Richards', William
Bradstreet's, Seth G. Moore's, Dr. Whitmore's and
many others.
Some idea of the place may be gathered from the
following record of the
STATISTICS OF 1850.*
Population, including West Gardiner, 6,486 ;
deaths, 78; farms, 195; productive estabhshments,
46 ; houses, 988 ; paupers, 46, costing the town,
$2,600 ; books in libraries, 6000 vols ; valuation,
$2,098,000; 1 academy, 25 schools, 28 teachers, 1060
scholars ; 10 places of public worship, worth $38,000,
* From the U. S. census, taken by Daniel Nutting, Esq.
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
221
and capable of holding 4000 persons ; 300 horses ;
600 cows ; 326 oxen : other cattle, 381 ; sheep, 940 ;
swine, 189; wheat, 124 bushels; corn, 7962 bush.;
oats, 5,542 bush. ; rye, 58 bush. ; beef and pork,
$5000 ; honey and beeswax, 2780 lbs. ; hay, 3900
tons ; cheese, 8340 lbs. : butter, 50,000 lbs. ; apples,
&c., $4000: barley, 700 bush.; potatoes, 8500
bush,; wool, pease, beans, &c., ; lumber saw-
ed, 15,000,000 ft. ;'shingles, 12,000,000; clapboards,
3,500,000 ; pill boxes, 576,000 ; flannel, 5000 yds. ;
cassimere, 20,000 yds ; satinet, 8000 yds. ; furniture,
$10,000; sides leather, 45,600 ; splits, 93,000 lbs.;
sheepskins, 50,000 ; machinery, $7,300 ; 20 tons
wrought iron; 125 do. castings ; stone ware, $6,500 ;
boots and shoes, 10,500 pairs; flour, 12,000 bar-
rels ; middlings, 65,000 lbs. ; 28,000 bushels feed ;
sleighs, 37 : wagons, 15 ; paper, over 500 tons, worth
$120,000; clothing, $11,500; stoves and tinware,
$10,000; doors and sashes, $ 1 1,000 ; bricks, 350,000 ;
pumps and blocks, $2000 ; 430 tons vessels ; sails,
$8000 ; harnesses, $800 ; caps and hats, $4500 ; fur
robes and coats, $1160 ; bread, $2560 ; &c. There
are 6 allopathic, 1 homeopathic and 2 botanic phy-
sicians, 1 dentist, 10 attorneys, 2 printing offices, 2
bookstores, 2 banks, a Savings Institution, 1 bindery,
3 apothecaries, 3 hotels, 2 jewelers, 2 auctioneers,
2 hat, cap and fur stores, 6 livery stables, 4 stove
and tin shops, 2 hard ware stores, 1 bakery, 2 bar-
bers, 1 harness maker, 2 furniture manufactories, 1
sail loft, 2 crockery stores, 1 extensive pottery, 1
plaster mill, 1 w^oolen factory, 2 machine shops, 1
foundery, 1 tannery, 1 flour mill, 1 paper mil!, 3
ship-yards, 5 tailors, 7 ready made clothing stores,
3 confectionary stores, 3 eating houses, 6 boot and
shoe stores, 6 millinery stores ; 2 carriage manufac-
tories, 26 groceries, 5 dry goods stores, 2 express
offices, 1 fish market, several house and sign paint-
ers and glaziers, 6 lath machines, 1 steam mill, 11
19*
222
SKETCH OF GARDINER,
clapboard mills, 13 shingle machines, 15 tip and
down saws, 3 door, sash and blind makers, 1 last
maker, 3 cabinet makers, 9 blacksmiths, 2 commis-
sion merchants.
Besides these sources of business, Gardiner is the
depot of large commercial interests. During the
season of navigation there are upwards of 1300 ar-
rivals of steamboats each year, from Boston, Bath,
Augusta and Waterville, and about 1000 of sailing
vessels. In 1790, there were 212,* The articles
taken away, are lumber and produce, and those
brought are carried inland, through a wide country,
of which Gardiner and Pittston are the centres.
Vessels of 800 tons can float between Gardiner and
Pittston. This makes Gardiner the busiest city on
the Kennebec.
RECORD OP
VOTES
FOR GOVERHOR.
1803.
Caleb Strong,
12
Elbridge Gerry,
21
1804.
n n
12
James Sullivan,
John Chandler,
28
1
1805.
(« i(
15
James Sullivan,
31
1806.
(i n
16
51
Levi Lincoln,
James Sullivan,
Levi Lincoln,
1
1807.
18
59
1
3808.
Christopher Gore,
<( a
29
James Sullivan,
74
1809.
43
Levi Lincoln,
Barzillai Gannett,
97
1
1810'.
a («
40
Elbridge Gerry,
105
1811.
it ii
34
(( ((
84
1812,
Caleb Strong,
51
« u
119
"William King,
1
1813.
67
Joseph Varnum,
113
1814.
(( (t
62
Samuel Dexter,
William Gray,
95
1
1815."
it <(
62
Samuel Dexter,
Scattering,
102
3
1816.
John Brooks,
64
Samuel Dexter,
Henry Dearborn,
132
1817.
((
86
108
1818.
(( ((
61
B. W. Crowninshield,
90
1819.
68
91
1820.t William King,
80
Scattering,
13
* Rufua Gay, Esq.
t Governor of Maine.
SKETCH OF GARDINER. 223
1821. Joshua Wingate, 36
1822. " " 32
1823. Thomas Gilpatrick, 1
1824. Daniel Robinson, 3
1825. Peter Adams, 1
1826. Enoch Lincoln, 72
1827. " ** 189
1828. " " 67
1829. Jona. G. Hunton, 286
1830. " " " 340
1831. Daniel Goodenow, 223
1832. " " 342
1833. " " 216
1834. Peleg Sprague, 386
1835. William King, 261
1836. Edward Kent, 311
1837. " " 428
1838. « 532
1839. " " 458
1840. «♦ " 609
1841. " " 463
1842. Edward Robinson, 291
1843. " " 246
1844. «♦ " 557
1845. Freeman H. Morse, 385
1846. David Bronson, 524
1847. " " 298
1848. Elijah L. Hamlin, 533
1849. '« " 392
1850. Wm. G. Crosby, 380
Albion K. Parris,
60
Ezekiel Whitman,
43
Albion K. Parris,
126
Ezekiel Whitman,
36
Albion K. Parris,
121
(i (< ((
124
a <( <(
135
Ezekiel Whitman,
64
Scattering,
4
Samuel E. Smith,
132
Scattering,
4
Samuel E. Smith,
191
Scattering,
1
Samuel E. Smith,
121
Samuel E. Smith,
196
Scattering,
24
Samuel E. Smith,
28
Scattering,
Robert P. Dunlap,
193
259
Scattering,
24
Robert P. Dunlap,
195
Scattering,
Robert P. Dunlap,
1
222
G or ham Parks,
233
Scattering,
5
John Fairfield,
288
256
Scattering,
1
John Fairfield,
295
313
Abolition,
33
John Fairfield,
225
Abolition,
84
Hugh^J. Anderson,
162
Abolition,
Hugh J. Anderson,
91
390
Abolition,
78
Hugh J. Anderson,
251
Abolition,
100
John W. Dana,
218
Abolition,
111
John W. Dana,
166
S. Fessenden,
88
John W. Dana,
263
S. Fessenden,
150
John W. Dana,
247
G. F. Talbot,
John Hubbard,
121
187
G. F. Talbot.
103
224
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
PRESIDENTIAL VOTES AS FAR AS RECORDED.
1804 24: Jefferson, 5 Adams, Total,' 29
1812 65 DeWitt Clinton, 75 Madison, 140
1824 123 Adams, 5 Crawford, 128
1828 258 «' 49 Jackson, 307
1832 370 Clay, 185 «« (Scat. 20) 575
1836 202 Harrison, 121 Van Buren, 323
1840 579 " 275 " 4 Abolition, 858
1844 538 Clay, 357 Polk, 40 " 935
1848 649 Taylor, 279 Cass, 162 «' 1090
TAXES.
SCHOOL.
GOSPEL,
HIGH WAY.
INCIDENTAL.
TOTAL.
^ lUUU
oUU
^ZUU
^1600
1804
ACtfi
"yon
450
1850
1 805
Ron
OUU
p;nn
OUU
2000
1806
ovu
9 on
lUUU
Af\f\
4UU
2100
1807
DUU
lUUU
400
2200
1808
OVU
200
J uuU
Ron
OUU
2700
1809
oUU
200
1 /inn
2550
1810
600
J ZUU
OUU
2300
1811
800
zuu
1 Finn
lOUU
350
2850
1812
OUU
zuu
A t^n
4-OU
2450
1813
OUU
ItjOU
A'nn
oUU
2550
1814
800
^OUU
onn
oUU
4100
1 8 1
t OlO
800
onn
<UU
700
2200
181 6
oUU
J uuu
/UU
2500
Jaw
1000
1 ^nn
J OUU
/UU
3200
1 o io
800
1 onn
onnn
zUUU
4000
1819
1000
lOUU
1 1 nn
i lUU
3600
1820
1000
1 <^nn
J DUU
5100
1 R"?!
1 oZl
1000
<!>i nn
Z I uu
9nnn
zuuu
5100
1 QQO)
1 OZ-ii
822
zouU
1 A sn
i40U
5072
1823
1000
2000
1450
4450
1824
1000
3000
1600
5600
1825
1500
3000
2000
6500
1826
1000
2000
1200
4200
1827
1100
2000
1800
4900
1828
1200
2300
ISOO
5300
1829
1400
3500
1800
6700
1830
1400
3000
1800
6200
1031
1600
3000
1800
6400
1832
1900
3000
2800
7700
1833
1520
3600
3900
9020
1831
1600
3000
2.500
7100
1835
1600
3200
3600
8400
1836
1600
3500.
4200
9300
1837
1483
2500
4600
8483
1838
1800
2500
7200
11500
1839
1800
2500
4000
8300
1810
1800
3000
4450
9250
1841
2017
3000
6500
11517
1842
2020
3000
5900
10920
1843
2020
3000
6400
11420
1844
24W
3000
6100
11500
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
225
TEAR,
SCHOOL,
HIGHWAY.
INCIDKNTAL, ^C.
TOTAT,.
1845
3000
6575
11975
1846
3000
3000
7500
13500
1847
4000
4000
6500
14500
1848
4000
6000
5900
15900
1849
4000
4000
6500
14500
1850
4000
4000
8335
16335
1851
3300
2050
6950
11300
The expenses of the city government in detail,
areas folloAvs : — Schools, ^3300; Poor and alms-
house, 2000 ; Fire department, 700 ; city watch,
375; interest on debt, furnitm'e, printing, &c. 1750 ;
Mayor, 200 ; city clerk, 65 ; clerk of common coun-
cil, 35; street commissioner, 200; marshal, $75 ;
chief engineer, 50 ; city physician, 30 ; city solicitor,
20 ; collector and treasurer, 250 ; assessors and over-
seers of poor, 225.
MODERATORS.
Dudley B. Hobart, 1803.
Barzillai Gannett, 1804, 5, 6, 8,
9, 11.
Stephen Jewett, 1807, 8, 10, 11,
12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19,
22.
Rufas Gav, 1812, 17, 18.
"Wm. G. Warren, 1812, 13.
Robert H. Gardiner, 1813, 21,
41.
James Purrinton, 1814.
James Marston, 1815, 20, 1.
Sanford Kingsberrj-, 1819, 20, 1,
2, 30.
George Evans, 1823, 4, 5, 6, 7,
8, 9, 35.
Tbomas Gilpatrick, 1825.
Edward Swan, 1825.
Aaron Haskell, 1829, 30.
George W. Bachelder, 1830, 1,
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 42, 3, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9.
Stephen Webber, 1830, 9.
Arthur Plumer, 1831 .
Silas Holman, 1832, 3, 5, 6, 46.
D. L. MilHken, 1832.
Parker Sheldon, 1833, 4, 9, 40,
1, 4.
Ansyl Clark, 1835, 6, 8, 44,
7 8.
S. B. Tarbox, 1835.
E. F. Deane, 1837, 40, 6.
Cyrus Kendrick, 1837.
Ezekiel Waterhouse, 1838, 44.
Wm. Palmer, 1839, 47.
Lawson H. Green, 1 839.
Michael Woodward, 1840.
A. S. Chadwick, 1840, 1, 2, 4, 5,
9.
Noah Woods, 1842.
Charles Danforth, 1845, 6.
Nathan O. Mitchell, 1846.
I. N. Tucker, 1849.
TOWN CLERKS.
Seth Gay, from 1803 until 1838,
36 years, and for 11 years
previous in Pittston.
Ansyl Clark, 1839, 40.
Thomas Gay, 1841.
John Webb, 1842, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
8, 9.
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
TOAVN REPKESENTATIVES.
Dudley B. Hobart, 1803.*
Samuel Elwell, 1804.
Barzillai Gannett, 1805, 6.
Samuel Jewett, 1807, 8, 9, 10, 11.
Rufus Gay, 1812, 17, 18.
James Purrinton, 1813, 14.
James Marston, 1815, 16.
Jacob Davis and Stephen Jew-
ett, 1819.
Joshua Lord, 1820, l,t 3, 30.
Robert H. Gardiner, 1821.
James Parker, 1822, 31.
Daniel Robinson, 1824.
George Evans, 1825, 6, 7, 8.
Peter Adams, 1829.
Alex'r S. Chadwick, 1832, 3, 4, 5.
Parker Sheldon, 1836, 7, 8.
Ebenezer F. Deane, 1839, 40.
Edward Swan and Philip C.
Holmes, 1841.
Philip C. Holmes, 1842.
Mason Damon, 1843.
Dr. Silas Holman, 1844.
Noah Woods, 1845, 6.
Isaac N. Tucker, 1847, 8.
Charles Danforth, 1849.
SELECTMEN AND ASSESSOHS.
Barzillai Gannett, 1803, 4, 5, 6,
7, 8.
Dudley B. Hobart, 1803.
William Barker, 1803.
William Swan, 1804.
Reuben Moor, 1804.
Joshua Lord, 1805.
Samuel Elwell, 1805, 6.
Edward Wilson, 1806, 7, 8.
Stephen Jew-ett, 1807, 8, 9, 10,
11, 14.
Simon Bradstreet, 1809, 10, 11.
Jesse Tucker, 1809, 10, 11, 19.
Wm. G. Warren, 1812, 13, 34.
Ichabod Plaisted, 1812, 13.
Aaron Haskell, 1812, 13, 20, 1, 2,
3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 30, 1, 2, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9.
Thomas Gilpatrick, 1814, 15, 16,
17, 18, 21, 2, 3, 4.
James Lord, 1814, 15, 16, 17, 18.
James Marston, 1815, 16, 19, 20.
Rufus Gay, 1817, 18.
Sanford Kingsberry, 1819.
Paul Dyer, 1819.
Jacob Davis, 1820, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8.
9, 30.
2, 3, 4,
Peter Adams, 1825, 6, 7,
Edward Peacock, 1829.
Wm. Partridge, 1830, 1,
5, b.
Arthur Plumer, 1831.
Benj. Shaw, 1832.
Daniel Merrill, 1833.
Benj. H. Pield, 1833.
Ansyl Clark, 1835, 6, 7, 9, 40, 1,
2, 3, 4.
E. F. Deane, 1837, 40.
Cyrus Kendrick, 1837.
A. S. Chadwick, 1837, 41, 3|, 5,
8.
Thomas N. Atkins, 1839.
Jordan Libby, 1840, 1.
Ebenezer White, 1842.
Elkanah McLellan, 1842.
Mason Damon, 1843, 4, 6,
Edward Swan, 1843.
Arthur Plumer, 1844. -
Charles Danforth, 1845, 6,
James G. Donnell, 1845.
Phineas Pratt, 1846, 7.
Robert Thompson, 1848.
Michael Hildreth, 1848.
Isaac N. Tuckpr, 1849.'
7, 9.
7,9.
* Received five votes ; tbe Avhole number cast,
t Mr. Lord resigned his scat.
X To lill a vacancy.
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
227
TOWN TREASUUERS.
Rufus Gay, 1803, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,-9,
10, 11, 'l2, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,
18, 34, 0, 6.
Edward Swan, 1819, 20, 1, 2, 3,
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 30, 1, 2, 3.
Thomas Gay, 1837.
E. F. Deane, 1838, 9, 41.
Michael HUdreth, 1840, 1,* 2, 3,
4, 5, 6, 7.
Jason Winnett, 1848.
Cyrus Kendrick, 1848,t 9.
City Officers.
Mayors. — R. H. Gardiner, 1850.
Parker Sheldon. 1851, 2.
Aldermen. — Veter Grant, 1850, 1. Myrick Hopkins, 1850, 1.
Aaron HaskeU, 1850. Charles P.Walton, 1850. Samuel Hooker,
1850, 1. Edward Swan, 1850, 1. Jordan Libbey, 1850. John
Berry, jr., 1851. Samuel Newcomb, 1851. A. S. Chadwick, 1852.
John P'laisted, 1852. Samuel B. Tarbox, 1852. J. B. Tozier, 1852.
John Webb, 1852. Joseph C. Siphers, 1852.
Common Council. — Ezekiel Waterhouse, 1850. E. G. Pierce,
1850, 1, 2. John P. Hunter, 1850, 1, 2. P. C. Holmes, 1850.
Simeon Gary, 1850. Ivory Wakefield, 1850. Aaron Bran, 1850.
Cyrus Brani! 1850. Hiram Pope, 1850. Jesse B. Tozier, 1850, 1.
Charles H. Houghton, 1850. Stephen Merrill, 1850. John Berry,
jr., 1850. John Robinson, 1850, 1. Joseph N. Smith, 1850.
Henry B. Hoskins, 1850, 1, 2. S. B. Tarbox, 1850, 1. Noah
Woods, 1850. Sewall Libbey, 1850. G. W. Beedle, 1850. Wm.
Xeal, 1850. P. P. Theobald, 1851, 2. John Plaisted, 1851. James
Steward, 1851, 2. Elbridge Berry, 1851, 2. S. L. Plumer, 1851.
Thomas Briery, 1851, 2. VVm. Libbey, 1851, 2. P. Pratt, 1851,
2. Cyrus Wilson, 1851, 2. Charles Lawrence, 1851, 2. M. Hil-
dreth, 18q,l. S. AVeeks, 1851. Philip Winslow, 1852. Robert
Thompson, 1852. Wm. R. Gay, 1852. John Woodcock, 1852.
J. Nash, 1852. Jas. Capen, 1852. Joseph Williams, 1852.
City CVerZ:^. — John Webb, 1850. 1. Charles P. Branch, 1852.
President of Common Council. — Noah Woods, 1850. P.Pratt,
1851, 2.
Clerk, Common Council. — Ansyl Clark, 1850, 1, 2.
City Treasurer. — Freeman Trott, 1850. Cyrus Kendrick, 1851, 2.
Assessors. — Daniel Fuller, 1850. William Palmer, 1850. Eze-
kiel Waterhouse, 1850. Noah Woods, 1851, 2. Myrick Hopkins,
1851. Ansyl Clark, 1851. Wm. Bradstreet, 1852. Nathaniel
KimbaU, 1852.
Ocerseers of Poor. — Charles Danforth, 1850. Phineas Pratt,
1850. I. N. Tucker, 1850. 1851, and 2, same as Assessors.
School Committee. — Noiih Woods, 1850, 1, 2. Rey. J. P. Wes-
ton, 1850. Rev. W. L. Hyde, 1850, 1, 2. Rev. George Burgess,
1851, 2.
* Chosen to fill a vacancy. t Ibid.
40f
228
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
Chief Engineer.— 'Fra.nklin'Foster, 1850. Charles A. Robbins,
1851, 2.
City Marshall. — Mason Damon, 1850. George S. Maynard,
1851, 2.
City Physician. — T. P. Theobald, 1851, 2.
City Solicitor. — Noah Woods, 1850, 1. Nathaniel M. Whitmore,
1852.
Street Commissioner. — S. Amee, 1852.
TAX LIST FOR THE YEAR 1851.
Valuation of Gardiner for the year 1851, $1,435,000 ; Poll tax,
$1,26 ; No. of Polls, 1025 ; Tax, — 1 ct. 9-10 of a mill per dol-
lar, — $16,933,71 ; Highway, 2050; Schools, 3300 ; Poor, 2000 ;
City, 2950.
NAMES.
Joseph Adams,
Frederic Allen,
H. B.
Robert AlifF,
Samuel Amee,
William *'
Silas Andrews,
Arthur "
Baker «
Cyrus Anne,
Jno. E. Atkins,
Thompson Atwood,
John Atkins,
George *'
Joseph C. Atkins,
Alexander
Levi "
Thomas N. "
George M. Atwood,
Joseph C. Atkins, Jr.,
John C. Ayers,
Mary L. Armstrong,
Adlam & Hill,
Bartlett & Johnson,
Loring Ballard,
William Barnet,
Charles G. Baxter,
James Bates,
Samuel Bartlett,
John B. Barker,
Solomon W. Bates,
Baptist Society,
Thos. J. Baker & Son,
Thomas M. Baker,
G. W. Bachelderj
Total.
NAMES.
Total.
29,11
Augustus Ballard,
41,87
160,83
Thomas S. Baker,
9,16
3,44
S. & C. Baker,
37,69
5,84
John Barber,
4,26
47,36
Joiin L. xJartlett,
9,98
9,98
Wm. C. Bates,
Jiidwm Bailey,
11,23
32,59
23,06
25,07
Geo. W. Barker,
9,44
11,83
Geo. A. Bachelder,
6,17
5,62
Geo. W. Beedle,
21,21
5,24
Samuel B. Beals,
5,62
5,62
Andrew Berry,
13,95
3,71
Arthur Berry,
84,10
3 44
(f u OA
18 70
17^85
John Berry, Jr., •
(( i(
25,'24
6,27
5,35
Elbridge "
38,48
19,39
Isaac Bickford,
2,90
17,61
Joseph Booker,
13,03
24,97
James '*
15,73
7,96
" « Jr.,
4,90
61,35
Slfamai Bowman,
30,80
16,35
Dorcas
56,63
10,90
Martha C. A. "
38,42
8,89
Andrew Bou.rk,
14,84
12,16
N. J. Boynton, (estate,)
10,90
6,71
Thomas Booker,
6,58
4,59
Timothy "
2,61
1,81
William Blaisdell,
4,53 '
2,90
Frederic Blood,
1,97
27,58
Samuel E. Bran,
6,54
3,27
Charles P. Branch,
18,16
58,70
Simon Bradstreet, (estate,)
53,96
8,35
Joseph "
81,38
78,43
Henry B. "
9,98
SKETCH OF GARDINER. 229
XAMES. Total.
William Bradstreet, 409,99
^Ym. ^y. 54,69
Joseph H. " 6,71
Charles Bridge, 14,34
Thomas Briery, 18,04
Henry Brookings, 25,56
Stephen Brown, 18,16
James " 2,67
Matthew '« - 6,77
JohnN. " 1,81
Samuel " 2,35
John « 3,44
John " 3,99
Nathaniel Bryant, (estate,) 6,54
Uriah Brierr, 5,62
Michael Bm-ke, 12,98
Deborah Burns, 4,36
Wm. F. Burr, 10,03
Rev. Geo. Burgess, 30,69
Albion K. P. BufFum, 6,71
Charles L. Byram, 4,53
Ebenezer " (estate,) 25,62
William H. " 21,97
James R. " 32,87
Eben'r S. « 3,44
George " 13,52
Lucinda P. Bodfish, 14,72
F. A. Butman, Jr. & Co. 38,15
Charles N. Bodlish, 12,16
Ebenezer G. BjTam, 13,25
James Capen, 18,42
Aaron Capen, 5,62
John Cannard, 12,60
Abiathar Carleton, 7,58
John Carter, 7,96
David CaU, 28,57
Simeon Cary, 11,72
Joseph H. Card, 8,89
Richard B. CaldweU, 16,52
Merrill Campbell, 4,48
Alexander S. Chadwick, 44,53
Edmund A. Chadwick, 4,53
Nathaniel K. " 51,40
Frances Chapman, (exempt,)
Nathan Chase, 2,08
Andrew D. Chapman, 10,69
George W. Chaney, 6,17
Christ Church, (Epis.) 64,31
Silas " 5,08
Luria Clark, 8,18
NAMES. Total.
Nath'l Clark, 2,78
Dorcas " 10,90
Ansyl " 12,32
R. R. Clay, 5,08
Daniel " 19,90
William Clay, 14,61
James A. " 260,90
" « & Co., 20,44
" O. « " 17,44
George E. " 18,16
Lorenzo " 29,75
Rebecca " 25,23
Paul R. Cleaves, 10,57
Sumner Clough, 3,33
Jason Collins, 13,93
Charles " 6,71
James " 2d, 7,26
Edward Costellow, 7,60
Oliver Colburn, 8,46
Geo. H. Cooke, 11,89
James A. Cox, 14,34
David Copp, 2,90
George S. Cox, 7,80
Oscar Crane, 10,03
Alonzo D. Crawford, 5,62
AUen Crowell, 7,96
Noah W. Cross, 6,17
Thomas L. Crocker, 3,99
Walter Curtis, 12,32
John Cusac, 4,53
Isaac Cowan, 8,07
Cobbossee Paper Mill Co., 65,40
Thomas Cusac, 3,99
Matilda Collins, 15,53
John Dalton, 7,80
Stephen J. Davis, 3,99
Jacob " 79,90
Elias " 9,81
Samuel " 14,50
Jacob E. « 12,16
William ** 4,69
Mason Damon, 44,18
Thomas Dana, 6,98
Elbridge Danforth, 5,78
Ensign " 3,87
Danforth & Woods, 2,18
William Day, Jr., 34,51
" 22,24
E. F. Deane, (estate,) 83,39
John Dennis, 146,18
20
230 SKETCH OF
NAMES. Total.
OAven Dealey, $8,07
Orison Dill, 4,69
Joseph C. Dill, 4,03
George W. " 3,44
Benjamin ** 2,90
William C. " 2,90
Charles H. " 5,34
Thomas Dixon, 4,53
Joseph Douglass, (estate,) 9,95
Annis " 15,43
Benjamin Dow, 21,97
Elis. & Mary A. Dowden, 6,95
Elbridge Drake, 6,17
Moses Dun ton, 5,24
John " 8,89
John Dunphy, 2,36
AbelB. Dunlap, 2,35
William DilKngham, 2,90
John Eastman, (estate,) 5,45
Reuben " 8,35
Samuel " 8,67
Franklin " 5,56
Isaac H. Edwards, 5,35
Jas. H. R. «« 3,60
Gibbins Edgecomb, 7,64
Oscar B. " 3,77
Benjamin Elwell, 14,46
William " 14,50
James " 32,48
Samuel " 1,42
Amasa P. '< 3,71
Charles Elder, 8,10
Joshua " 3,99
Daniel «' 4,26
Richard Eldridge, 6,30
Jane Esmond, 16,35
Bernard " 39,02
Reuben Esty, 8,35
George Evans, 27,73
Benjamin Emmons, 2,07
Geo. W. FaU, 3,44
David Farrar, 10,53
Benj. Farris, 5^62
Benj. F. Field, 14,34
Wm. Farnham, 5,62
Michael Flinn, 2,90
Elisha J. Ford, 42,02
Nathan Foster, 2,29
Joseph Foye, 7,31
James " 8,91
John L. «« 17,54
GARDINER.
NAMES.
1 otal.
Thomas J. Foye,
$7,80
Henry
20,60
Ephraim Forsyth,
25,79
Abel French,
1,47
Henry R. French,
9,44
John Frost,
9,44
" " 2d,
7,26
Wm. '*
5,76
lieonard Fuller,
9,32
SewaU "
2,35
Frost & Gray,
24,73
Fling, Drew & Co.,
32,70
David Finn,
iy,/ y
William W. Gardiner,
2,90
Robert H. "
1157,17
Gardiner Bank,
1 D,00
John D. Gardiner,
60,94
Seth Gay, (estate,)
96,25
Rufus "
38,48
Thomas Gay,
11,23
George "
17,77
Wm. R. '«
11,50
Charles
16,14
Dorcas P. "
3,27
Gardiner Steam Mill,
119,90
Isaac N. Gammon,
2,35
John S. Givens,
5,62
Arthur W. Giles,
Cleveland B. Glidden,
3,44
15,57
Samuel ♦*
8,02
AT 0 ^ _ J •
J\. & U. (jrooawin.
5,45
John E. "
6,17
Levi "
4,53
John D. N. «'
7,80
Barnard Goodrich,
John C. Godding,
4,oo
12,87
Robert Gould, (heirs,)
20,17
S. S. Goodrich,
7,96
B. Goodrich & Son,
4,25
George Godding,
6,71
Langdon Gilmore,
11,07
Joseph Grant, Jr.,
3,44
Joshua Gray,
1,53
Thomas Grant,
Kc At
Wm. B. "
185,31
jr..
1,59
" S. "
158^32
Peter "
277,22
Nancy "
148,13
William Gray,
5,62
Joseph Grover,
10,47
SKETCH OF GARDINER. . 231
NAMES.
Total.
NAMES.
Total.
Reuben Griffin,
$7,41
Charles Hooker,
Walton 0. Hooker,
$4,53
Albert "
25,40
6,87
Lotan Griffith,
1,81
Myrick Hopkins,
53,31
Silas T. Gushee,
92,38
Simeon "
4,88
John Green,
1,81
Randall '<
6,17
Jasiel Harriman,
2,90
Samuel Hopkinson,
9,28
Daniel Hartigan,
4,53
James Horn,
3,06
iilichael Harden,
2,90
Henry B. Hoskins,
32,87
Israel G. Harriman,
:-},99
Thomas Houghton,
6,17
Wm. S. Hanscom,
6,71
Ellis "
2,35
Hiram Haines,
6,95
West Howard,
William L. Hopkins,
5,08
Phineas Hamilton,
2,57
4,10
Gorham •*
5,19
Thomas Holbrook,
3,99
David Haines, .
3,71
John P. Hunter,
77,81
Benj. Haynes,
4,53
William Hutchinson,
5,62
Chandler G. Hamlin,
5,62
(Charles "
7,80
Asahel W. "
6,32
Herrick Huntington,
1,42
Pliny Harris,
4,96
Levi «<
2,02
Harlow Harden, (estate,)
28.89
John P. Hunter & Co.,
41,42
Pelham "
80,01
Joseph Irish,
12,16
Spencer " "
38,06
Thomas B. Jackins,
4,43
Humphrey Harmon,
22,01
Edward Jarvis & Sons,
43,60
Robert '<
13,37
Abner T. Jewell,
3,99
Geo. C. Hall,
5,62
William F. Jackson,
3,22
John Hazelton, (estate,)
32,86
Ebenezer "
31,47
Reuben " Jr.,
14,67
Abner "
23,06
Sylvanns Hathaway,
18,39
Edward Jarvis,
Charles L. Jackins,
12,59
Stephen Hall,
1,42
8,89
"William Helah,
3,99
G. B. Jackman,
2,57
Andrew J. Harriman,
5,08
John Jaquith, Jr.,
3,44
Annis Hildreth, (estate,)
6,41
William E. Jarvis,
8,89
Michael "
19,96
Jacob Jewell,
4,53
Thaddeus "
11,11
Andrew Jeck,
2,23
Henry "
18,81
James Jewett,
8,89
Hiram "
12,71
Andrew Johnson,
23,16
Daniel "
15,25
Daniel "
22,85
Charles S. "
5,48
Joseph "
11,05
Nahum "
6,05
Benj. "
23,22
John Hilton,
5,74
Daniel S. "
27,42
Oliver Hinkley,
7,34
B. S. Jones & Co.,
5,45
David "
13,25
John C. "
6,44
Elisha S. Higgins,
3,71
John Judkins,
6,33
Samuel Hodgdon, 2d,
8,07
Nathaniel Kenniston,
12,23
John R. Hodgkins,
11,07
Thomas B. Keenan,
2,90
Silas Hodgman, (estate,)
24,64
Jacob Kenniston,
2,08
Holt & Parkpr
16 35
Sam.uel ICendall,
Luther W. Kimball,
Riverius Hooker,
8,'23
10,14
Elbridge G. "
11,23
Cyrus Kindrick,
" " Jr.,
26,88
Holmes and Robbins,
161,92
2,24
Samuel Hooker,
30,96
Nath'l Kimball,
230,49
Hooker, Libbey & Co.
58,10
Daniel Kinney,
3,44
232 SKETCH OF
NAMES.
Total.
Samuel Knox,
$3,23
Hannah Knox, (exempt,)
James Kittredge, "
John Kirk,
5,62
John S. Kilby,
1,64
Foliot T. Lally,
55,76
Elias H. Lawrence,
4,53
Jesse Lambert,
22,88
David Landers,
38,33
Isaac "
2,35
John Landerkin,
7,04
William Labaree, (exempt,)
James "
1,85
Daniel "
2,51
John Lawrence,
28,35
James "
9.97
Isaac "
8,38
Charles "
36,55
Maltiah «*
49,00
William «'
15,92
Reuben ♦<
9,44
Joseph R. "
6,40
William " 2d,
4,69
" A. «
11,23
Simon "
7,96
Benjamin "
1,42
Hiram Lawton, (exempt,)
Thomas Lewis,
5.63
WilHam B. "
2,63
Henry Leeman,
8,52
Leeman & Hamlin,
32,39
James Leard,
2,52
James W. Lemont,
12,82
Silas S.
16,53
Isaac Leighton, (exempt,)
James Leard, Jr.,
6,44
Zina II. Lewis,
Stillman Libbey,
4,42
6,08
Asa "
7,53
Jordan "
39,93
Elisha "
9,03
Sewall "
19,13
John *♦
10,30
Shirley «
13,03
Hiram **
13,83
William "
23,05
Reuben "
13,52
Daniel Lincoln,
59,69
6,71
Sewall Libbey,
R. K. Littlefield,
23,06
Geo. W.
11,62
GARDINER.
NAMES. Total.
Charles G. Litchfield, $13,98
Joseph & Eben Libbey, 23,13
Hiram A. Lord, 7,26
Moses H. '* 9,44
Daniel Loring, 4,69
Elirabeth Lord, 93,74
James Lowell, (estate,) 16,85
38,85
Harrison G. " 33,03
Franklin '* 12,16
Benj. B. " 7,19
Erastus " 1,63
William Lunt, 6,38
Isaiah « 10,53
Andrew Leonard, 16,52
Mary Ann Marr, (exempt,)
Marion F. Marble, 2,90
Richard Mace, 4,53
Thomas Magrath, 12,16
Patrick Maher, 19,52
Benj. Marston, 7,73
Enoch Marshall, 30,30
Smith Maxcy, 21,21
Josiah «' 20,88
John Maxwell, 4,36
William " 5,62
John Magrath, 2,35
Joseph Mains, 4,53
Warren Marson, 4,53
Emerald McCurdy, 16,68
James '« 8,89
George " 6,27
Elkanah McLellan, 34,04
Andrew B. McCausland, 6,71
William H. " 6,71
Charles W. *« 9,76
Andrew " 8,13
John McManus, 4,25
John McCarty, 3,44
Henry Meader, 14,77
Joseph A. Merrill, 6,87
Charles " 12,71
Jeremiah B. " 2,90
Joseph «' 12,71
John Meader, 5,35
George Merrifield, 13,59
Methodist Society, 4,91
Meserve, Robinson & Co., 10,90
James L. Meserve, 6,87
Gideon Meader, '2,35
James E. " 2,35
SKETCH OF GARDINER. 233
NAMES.
Total.
John H. Meader,
$2,35
John E. Merrill,
2,35
JNiitcJieil, Wiison & Uo.,
43,60
Esther Mitchell,
34,33
Enoch Miller,
20,85
]Nathan 0. ]SIitchelI,
21,64
Joseph L. "
9,98
Joseph "
4,53
Sewall '«
5,62
James Morrow,
2,35
John Moore,
66,23
James D. '*
4,81
Seth G. "
66,29
Charles "
12,71
John T. "
64,99
George "
11,23
James M. "
7,14
Thomas "
4,63
Ebenezer
13,74
Bryant Morton,
2,19
ivrcn. Morrill,
19,74
Morreil lieatn,
10,90
Willard M. Moore,
4,53
Simon Morgan,
7,14
John H.
5,08
Silas P. Murray,
4,53
Amos Muzzy,
11,07
J. H. Xash,
jN ash & Nudd,
7,80
16,35
James Xash,
William Neal,
12,16
22,39
Anson G. "
1,81
Samuel Xewcomb,
29,19
William Xickerson,
5,62
A. Kjr. "
4,53
bamuel Is oble,
1,81
Isaac
1,54
Clark "
2,35
xSathan 13. rsorton,
17,77
William Xoyes,
3,60
Ivory Xudd,
12,16
Daniel Nutting,
26,88
Edward D. *'
9,98
Benj. Xelson,
1,75
Samuel Xoyes,
3,06
Stephen Osgood,
7,54
Charles "
16,52
Nancy Odiorne,
2,18
Mrs. Parkhiirst,
1,09
i^Ioody Palmer,
3,44
20*
NAMES.
Total.
James J. Patterson,
$2,35
liobert Patten,
<i T "PqtL- St
1,53
A Id
Amiel Page,
2,35
William Jr aimer,
Gideon S. "
24,70
Daniel C. **
76,20
Wyman "
2,18
Dorcas Parker,
Charles H. Partridge,
95,92
oUjOi
William "
28,52
Freeman P. Patten,
36,31
Eleazar Page,
o nn
/,yu
James Peacock, 2d,
George *'
y,oo
James *'
1 oa
i,yo
Alvin T. Perkins,
Gideon Perry,
6,87
Jane Perham, (exempt,)
Lincoln Perry,
29,60
Joseph '*
oo,oU
liiibridge G. Pierce,
36,82
Hannah W. Pike,
Lyman Pettigrew,
2,73
2,90
rs. It. Jr'iKe,
VViliiam ir. Ir^nilips,
6,71
6,33
Isaac "
4,69
Edmund *'
Of it
W^elcome Pincin,
1 9 QS
Sedgwick L. Plumer,
29,42
Arthur "
126,29
J ohn Plaisted,
lU 1,0 /
George "
41,92
Betsey "
33,95
Hannah Potter,
2,18
George "
6,98
Lucy '*
2,18
vv liiiam '
0,4:4
David "
6,87
AiDert "
9,44
Thomas P.
3,22
Phineas Pratt,
on c Q
zU,oo
Eliphaiet Pray,
41.86
Hiram Preble,
Iranklm Pray, (exempt,)
13,25
Zacheus S. Purrington,
9,44
Wm. G. Percy,
4^53
Samuel Plaisted,
5,35
Otis M. Preble,
2,90
Nathan C. Prescott,
2,18
Ahira Plaisted,
2,35
234 SKETCH OF GARDINER.
NAMES.
lotal.
NAMES.
Total.
Oliver P. Quincy,
$5,08
Shaw & Donnel,
$55,05
Ivory Quint,
2,51
Parker Sheldon,
63,55
Ann Rafter,
JUaniel Kanaall,
5,45
Parker C. "
12,16
8,35
Joseph C. Siphers,
9,74
William Raymond,
13,41
3,44
Daniel Robinson,
5,62
Jesse W. Smith,
4,18
Warren Reed,
15,05
Amasa Smith,
7,04
i nomas R. Reed,
8,89
Josiah T. Smart,
12,86
James Reynolds,
15,57
William Smith,
11,13
5,27
Levi Rhodes,
6,87
Cyrus "
" " Jr.,
1,4/
David " (heirs,)
10,90
John W. '*
24,70
Samuel " Jr.,
4,74
James "
2,90
Wellington"
4,53
George H. Richardson,
2,90
George W. Snow,
15,54
Sumner B. "
3,99
Joel H. *♦
24,31
xtoDert "
IOTA
Josiah Sprague,
18,35
Amos "
9,39
" W. "
10,14
Francis Richards,
133,15
Benjamin "
6,17
Richards & Hoskins,
Richards & Gardiner,
343,35
Marvel "
10,69
201,65
Seth «'
14,50
Joseph Ring, (estate,)
4,64
Edmund Spear,
7,96
Benjamin F. Ring,
6,17
Alfred "
6,17
Amasa S. "
14,34
Ardra *•
3,27
" " " & Co.,
3,68
William Springer, 2d,
7,42
William S.
5,08
Moses
16,25
William F. Richards,
2,08
John "
10,14
John Robinson,
8,89
Andrew "
7,68
James M. Robinson,
5,24
William "
11,89
George H. "
5,62
Sprague & Lord,
21,42
Robinson & Rowell,
Samuel Springer,
16,14
John Roberts,
o no
Jordan Stanford,
14,50
William F. Rollins,
3,27
J. & B.
23,70
George Rogers,
17,54
Jordan '« (trustee,) 18,l0
Greenleaf S. Rogers,
11,07
Samuel Standish, (estate,) 14,66
Henry R.
11,23
S. Stanley,
2,08
Wm. Royal,
6,17
Jabez Stevens, (exempt,)
James Roberts,
1 ,4/
Jacob Stafford,
3,99
John Russel,
12,12
Samuel Stevens,
3,99
James R. Runnels,
5,62
Nathaniel
11,84
J onn W . xtussei.
1 S<l
i,OVi
Robert Stinson,
5,63
William oargent,
Ezekiel Sawyer,
Alvin "
12,16
Benjamin F. Stone,
36,69
34,77
John
72,00
8,21
William L. "
43,51
Henry Sager,
13,25
George E. **
36,69
R. H. oawyer,
1 6,52
James '* Jr.,
7,80
Rufus B. Seabury,
4,53
J. & J. T.
82,84
James Scott,
3,44
Widow J. «'
19,62
Charles A. Seiders,
2,90
James Steward,
18,43
Benjamin ShaAv,
23,06
William
7,96
" Jr.,
29,06
Steward, Sargent & Co.,
19,62
William B. "
3,05
Zilpha Stuart,
9,81
SKETCH OF GARDINER. 235
NAMES. Total.
A. C. Stuart, $51,62
Charles E. Stuart, 2,35
Joseph L. Sturdivant, 19,95
Samuel Stinson, 3,44
Edward Swan, 42,90
WUUam " 38,87
Edward B." 63,41
Nathan Sweetland, 6,33
Andrew J. Swift, 4,80
Job " 1,81
Charles " 33,97
John Symmes, 4,53
Andrew P. Stinson, 5,62
Joseph N. Smith, (exempt,)
Mattl)ew Sweetland, 1,53
Joel F. Tapley, 8,89
Charles Tarbell, (estate,) 21,80
Phebe Tarbox, (estate,) 10,90
Marv " 30,79
Stephen W." 6,17
Nathaniel " 2,35
James " 27,60
" " Jr. 5,62
Samuel B. " 110,92
William " 6,71
Eleazar " 35,32
Silas Taber, 7,98
James Taylor, 11,62
Dudley " 2,35
Josiah'Thwing, 7,80
Horatio N. Tedford, 9,76
Joshua Thwing, 17,61
Frederic P. Theobald, 32,21
Mrs. Ray Thompson, (exempt,)
Woodward 20,34
Samuel *' (exempt,)
Amos A. «• 3,44
Robert " 53,14
Freeman Tibbetts, 4,36
Stephen W. Townsend, 3,44
James " 3,44
TrueW. " 13,91
James D. Towns, 3,99
Thomas Tobey, 17,07
Joseph " 6,71
Wm. S. Towns, 5,78
Jesse B. Tozier, 19,68
Ira T. Trafton, 2,35
Othniel Tripp, ^ 4,53
Freeman Trott, 44,38
Alexander Troup, 5,62
NAMES. Total.
1. N. Tucker, $13,25
Stephen V. Tucker, 2,90
1. N. " & Co., 123,17
Thomas Tyler, 2,35
Samuel True, 13,65
John A. Towns, 6,71
Samuel Tower, 6,71
Charles Towle, 1,42
John Upham, 8,35
I. G. Yannah & Co., 27,80
Peter Vigereux, 10,14
Joseph «' 15,98
Eibridge " 9,44
Charles Waire, 6,44
Peter Waitt, 8,17
John W. Waitt, 12,16
Betsey " 9,20
Joseph 10,80
George W. " 16,52
Wm. Wakefield, 17,95
D. H. " 5,70
Henry D. " 42,82
Elizabeth 13,08
Henry " 6,62
Charles P. Walton, 18,70
Samuel Warren, _ 8,89
George •« 6,87
Henry Washburn, 42,67
Ezekiel Waterhouse, 20,69
Water house & Cunningham, 17,17
John Webb, 22,09
Stephen Webber, 30,85
Daniel AVebster, 7,69
Stephen " 10,63
John " 5,00
Shem Weeks, 9,96
Samuel " 10,85
Joseph W. Welch, 1,42
Charles Wells, 10,19
Benjamin Weldon, 3,44
Geo. B. AVentworth, 7,26
Nancy (exempt,)
Benjamin Weymouth, 6,87
Francis H. " 5,08
D. Weston & Co., 16,35
Daniel " 3,44
Henrv L. Weston, 2,90
Wm. R. WharfF, 14,23
Peter Wheeler, 13,09
Mary D. White, 15,26
[Russel 21,15
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
NAMES. Total.
Charles A. White, $2,20
C. A. & J. D. White, 6,54
Caleb S. Whitman, 20,06
Thomas Whitney, 2,83
Mrs. Gorham Whitney, 3,27
Abel " 10,69
Gorham " 10,47
Prentiss " 34,24
Simeon *• 3,44
Dexter Whitmore, 9,98
Nath'l M. " 93,37
; Chadbourne W. Whitmore, 64,48
Nathan Willard, 18,82
Joseph Williams, 9,23
Benaiah «« 7,64
Charles " 2,35
Freeman " 3,87
James " Jr., 7,80
Wm. Wiles, 12,16
Robert Williamson, 74,61
Warren " 6,17
Robert Withee, 18,24
James Witham, 8,89 '
NAMES.
Total.
William Witham,
$6,71
Allen «*
4,53
David Wing,
17,84
Wing & Bates,
36,99
A. E. Wing,
18,70
Philip AVinslow,
14,50
Cyrus Wilson,
18,96
Stephen H. Wilkinson,
5,99
Michael Woodward,
43,23
Asa
3,17
John Woodcock,
13,80
Asa M. Wood,
6,32
Seth «♦
20,88
Nathan ««
61,21
Noah Woods,
Olive Worcester,
22,52
7,63
Amasa Wood,
9,64
Walter Wren,
2,35
Geo. N. Woodsum,
11,07
Mrs. Woberton,
74
Rufus Williams,
5,62
Calvin White,
9,37
Thos. J. Aspinwall,
Silas Andrews, Jr.,
A. E.
Charles Adams.
Everett Andrews,
J. H. Booker,
James Blake,
Elam Benjamin,
JN. J. Bailey,
Gideon Bowley,
Edward Boston,
John H. Berry.
Leonard P. Bickford,
Meshach W. Blake,
Francis Bran,
Sewall Baker,
Benj. N,. Breed,
Oliver P. Buker,
Lewis Bailey,
Jesse A. Baker,
William BrisHn,
Samuel H. Bridge,
Ivory Bran,
James Burns.
William O. Barker,
John F. Brookings,
Michael Broderic,
John Barns,
SINGLE POLLS.
James Barry,
Abiud Bradley,
Dennis Crowley,
James S. Gate,
John S. Clark,
Edward Crowell,
Pell, Clay«on,
Alvan Collins,
C. H. Crossman,
Wm. S. Chadwell,
Isaac J. Carr,
Michael Costellow,
John Clary,
John Crawford,
Benj. Chamberlain,
James Chapman,
JNelson Collins,
Charles Crane,
Rwbert Church,
David S.
Alex'r B. Campbell,
I'atrick Collins,
H. K. Chadwick,
Gilbert "
Patrick Conolly,
John E. Currier,
Daniel Carr,
Martin (^onnor,
Geo. A. Cushing,
William Clary,
James M. Colson,
Noah D. Dennis,
Joseph Douglass,
Isaac Decker,
Enoch Dill,
Charles H. Davis,
Thomas Dea,
Daniel Dearborn,
Alfred Douglass,
William Danforlh,
Charles "
Abner "
Samuel Dearborn,
Ezekiel Davis,
Richard Duiiphy,
Edward Dudley,
John P. Dennis,
John Doyle,
Joseph E. Drew,
Anthony G. Davis,
Geo. Dockendorff,
Hiram Dunlap,
Samuel S. Davis,
Israel R.Dale,
Patrick Dray,
Gilbert Eastman,
SKETCH OF GARDINER. 237
Timothy Eastman,
John S. Emmons,
Benj. " Jr.,
James Elwell, 2d,
Henry Elder,
Geo. Elwell.
Josiah Eastman,
Enos Edgcorab,
Erastus Edgerton,
Daniel W. Elder,
Edward Farris,
Franklin Foster,
Edward Flint,
John "
John Foley,
John K. Foye,
Charles H. Flyng^
Benj. H. Field,
E. P. Furlong,
John" Finn,
Patrick Finity,
James H, Foye,
Alcander Fuller,
John Fielding,
William Gray,
Sam'l Gowell,
Winthrop Glidden,
Ezra Griffin,
Moses Gould,
Henry G. "
John A. Glidden,
William Goodwin,
Benj. F. "
Nath'l T. "
William Gardiner,
Oliver H. P. Goodwin,
JNath'l Godding, Jr.,
J. Y. Gray,
Levi Goodwin,
J. W. Glidden,
Lawson H. Green,
Henry Gilson,
Charles F. Green,
A. W. Griffith,
George Garland,
Silas T. Gushee,
James A. Goodwin,
Anthony Greenleaf,
Bernard Garraty,
Israel Holbrook,
Aaron Hamilton,
William H. "
Seth
Silas H.
Isaiah H. Hamblin,
William Harden,
Arthur "
Edward W. Howes,
L. G. Hurlburt,
Albert Huntington,
John '*
William H. "
Edmund Hersey,
M.P. "
Augustus Hopkins,
H. M. Hill,
Rev. J. VV. Hanson,
(exempt,)
Rev. VV. L. Hyde, (ex.)
Jona. Holt,
Dennis Hayden,
George Hutchinson,
W.S.
Eleazar
Samuel "
Martin Holmes,
Andrew Hutchins,
Hammond,
James L. Harriman,
Riverius Hooker, Jr.,
George VV, '*
Miller Hinkley,
Charles Hartshorn,
VVm. Hopkinson,
Charles E. Hodges,
Barna Hena,
Wm. B. Hazeltine,
John Hicks,
Wm. E. Hollis,
Philip Irish,
James Jarvis,
Silas Jaquith,
George M. Jewell,
Hartley W. Jewett,
Benj. Jordan,^
B. F. Johnson,
Richard "
VVm. Jewell,
Samuel Jarvis,
Robert Knowles,
Daniel Knight,
Thomas Kindrick,
James Kittredge, Jr.,
John S. Kelly,
Sam'l W.Kimball,
Reuben "
Edward Kincheler,
Benj. Lane,
M. T. Look,
Hosea H. Linnen,
Wm. H. Lord,
John A. "
Sam'l M. Lawrence,
Joseph Libbey,
Sylvanus Lawrence,
Joel Libbey,
j Wm. Lathe,
Thompson Lewis,
Leander H. Lowell,
Geo. W.
John Leeman,
Hiram Lawrence,
Thomas Murfield,
Thomas Miller.
Walter B, McCaus-
land,
John Meserve,
Nath'l L.
S, S, Moore,
Granville Marr,
Levi Morgan,
William "
Leonard Moore,
Nehemiah "
Ira Maxcy,
Franklin Muzzey,
Geo. A. McCausland,
Arthur B. "
Joseph "
Sumner B. "
David McFadden,
Jacob Mitchell,
Ruel Maxcy,
Edin Muzzy,
Ebenezer Merrill,
Reuben McLellan,
Wm. Meader,
Thomas McLoud,
Jerome R, Marsh,
John Murphy,
Geo. S. Maynard,
Albion P. Mason,
John Morse,
Richard Maberrv,
J. D. Moody,
Geo. A. McCurdy,
John Maher,
Ephraim Mahoney,
Patrick "
[. P, Nickerson,
Ezra H, Norcross,
Manthano Noyes,
Elam G, Nickerson,
Robert M, "
John B. Nutting,
Isaac Neal,
Waldon Otis,
James O'Brien,
Michael "
Alonzo Owen,
P. O'Connell,
M. "
Simon OrfF,
238
SKETCH OF GARDINER.
John Obyrne,
Henry Pierce,
E.
George "
A. Pitts,
Daniel Plummer,
Charles "
Amos B. Potter,
C. F.
Simon Peacock,
Benj. "
Joseph "
Nehemiah Preble,
Jeremiah Pickering,
Henry "
Samuel P. Payne,
Joseph Palmer,
JNehemiah Page,
Abraham Page,
Benj. Pincin,
Ed. S. Perham,
Wm. Perkins,
Ed. W. Parkhurst,
Wm. Park,
Charles Packard,
Adoniram J. Parker,
Joseph Parsley,
E. G. Robinson,
P. 8.
John " 2d,
Jotliam Ripley,
Jr.,
Wm. B. Rafter,
Geo. E. Ridley,
Geo. Reed,
Augustus "
Isaac "
Wm. Rogers,
N. S.
C. T. "
W. W. Rowcli,
Samuel H. Ring,
N. Russell,
Thomas Ryan,
Samuel Smith,
Amasa 2d.
Alfred "
Charles "
Mellen "
James D. "
John O. "
Michael "
John "
Thomas J. "
Charles Sawyer,
Robert Smiley,
Daniel Shannon,
James B. Sherman,
Jacob M. Steward,
George Shaw,
Horace "
Robert A. Sager,
David Strong,
Job Swift, Jr.,
Luther "
Zina Standish,
George "
David
Thaddeus Spear,
Wm. H.
Charles "
John T. Stone,
Charles B. "
Henry Stanley,
Ezekiel Siphers,
Robert P. Stinson,
Francis Springer,
Bart. Sullivan,
, Wm. Tozier,
Eldridge Temple,
Asa C. Thompson,
Charles "
Cory don
James "
R. N. "
Dexter Taylor,
Silas "
Dudley H. /' ,
Andrew Tibbetts,
George Tarbox,
Kiah B. Trask,
Waterman Trafton,
Lyman Tilton,
Augustus G. Varney,
I. G. Vannah,
John Walker,
Geo. Webb,
F. M. Wakefield,
Israel W. Woodward
N. R. Winslow, '
S. P. Witham,
Sullivan Washburn,
Wm. C. Watson,
Joseph Wells,
Geo. Waire,
Moses Weymouth,
Jona. W. Willard,
Charles Webster,
Albert J. Wright,
Wm. H. Wakefield,
Isaac S. Whitney,
John Wilson,
Charles B. Williams,
John P. Weston,
Daniel Welch,
Moses S. Wadsworth
Elbridge Webber,
Isaac E. Wentwurthj
Freeman Yates.
CHAPTER VII.
SKETCH OF WEST GARDINER.
On the incorporation of the City of Gardiner, a
large number of the people residing in the western
part of the territory, petitioned for leave to with-
draw, and to become inhabitants of a distinct town.
They were moved to this step by the fact that they
would thus be more conveniently situated. This
was clearly seen by the people of the city, and the
town was allowed to secede without opposition.
It was incorporated August 8, 1850. The warrant
was issued to James Woodbury to call the first
town meeting, which was held in the Freewill
Baptist white meeting-house, Aug. 21.
West Gardiner lies west of Gardiner city, contains
about 10,400 acres, and is almost entirely of a rural
character. Its history up to the year 1850 is the
same as that of Gardiner, and the period since that
date has been too brief to allow of matters of great
importance to transpire. The town is flourishing,
and the people industrious, frugal, and happy as
mankind in general. It is believed by the writer,
that no public place for the sale of ardent spirits
has ever stood in the town, and that even under the
present anti-liquor law, no agent has yet been ap-
pointed. The following statistics show the com-
mencement of the Town's progress. (See Ecclesias-
tical and Miscellaneous, hereafter.)
240
SKETCH OF WEST GARDINER.
TAXES.
Year. Schools. Poor, Town. &c. Highway. State & Countv. Total,
1851. $800 $1000 $1000 $700 $3,500
1852. 800 1700 1000 800 4,300
VOTES.
GOVERNOR.
1850. John Hubbard, 45; W. G. Crosby, 34;
G. F. Talbot, 21; Total, 100.
REPRESENTATIVE.
Robert Thompson, 49 ; Charles Danforth, 24 ;
Ansyl Clark, 20 ; Total, 93.
OFFICERS.
Moderators. Daniel Fuller, 1850, 1; John Stevens,
2d, 1850; Aaron Brown, 1850; Samuel H. Parsons,
1851, 2; John Knox, 1851; Thomas M. Clark,
1852.
Town Clerk. Oliver S. Edwards, 1850, 1, 2.
Treasurers. Merrill Hunt, 1850, 1 ; Cyrus
Brann, 1852.
Selectmen. Aaron Haskell, 1850 ; Abner Milli-
ken, 1850, 1 ; Daniel Marston, 1850; Daniel Fuller,
1850,* 1 ; Thaddeus Spear, 1851, 2; S. H. Parsons,
1852 ; Thomas M. Clark, 1852.
The valuation, prosperity, and names and condition
of the people, may be found in the
TAX LIST OF WEST GARDINER, 1851.
Value of Real Estate, $219,632,00
" Personal " 35,754,00
Tax, 9 mills per cent.
238 polls at 1,00
Assessment, 2561,00
* Elected to fill a vacancy.
SKETCH or WEST GARDINER.
# 241
^fAMES. Total.
Samuel Austin, $10,41
Baker Andrews, 7,38
Smith H. " 3,87
Wm. H. Allen, 6,48
Jas. Atkins, (Hallowell,) ,90
Aaron Bran, 7,76
Thomas " ,95
Uriah Briery, (Gar.) 1,68
Ira Bachelder, 1,67
John Bean, 20,95
John Bachelder, 19,08
Samuel Bush, 4,02
Greenlief Bibber, 2,20
Brown Baker, 11,49
Wm. Blanchard, 5,47
Geo. W. " ,72
John 10,89
John Blaisdell, 11,53
Handy " ,24
William Bran, 2d, 3,33
Gardiner " 2,25
Moses " 6,35
Levi T. " 3,29
Jefferson " 7,97
Richard Blaisdell, 5,40
George Bran, ,72
James " 10,85
Cyrus " 4,57
Simon & Francis Bran, 3,87
Thomas J. Bailey, 7,63
Joseph Baker, 3,64
Ivory Bran, (Gar.) 2,53
John Baker, Jr., 1,00
Heli Bassett, 10,77
Daniel Bran, 6,25
Wm. " (estate,) 4,23
Aaron " 2d, 3,02
John Blanchard, Jr., 6,30
Andrew Brown, 5,90
Joseph A. Brown, 5,11
NAMES. Total.
Thomas Burnham, 12,92
John " 1,13
David Bangs, 4,77
John H. Cram, 63
William Crosby, 2,16
Isaiah Clough, (Litch.) 2,97
Charles " 6,21
Peter Clark, Jr., 13,39
Wm. W.Clark, 8,16
Wm. M. " (Hall.) 1,08
Joseph Carleton, 11,93
Nathaniel Currier, 20,09
John Crommet, 4,09
George Church, 10,16
James Collins, (Gar.) 90
George " 5,76
Thomas M. Clark, 20,59
James Collins, 18,36
Jonathan Cole, , 3,41
Joseph " 12,29
Asa Copp, ' 45
Samuel Clay, (estate,) 13,14
William " (Gar.) 1,76
Daniel Cole, 9,15
James Davis, 10,08
Paul Dyer, 13,97
Manuel Defratus, 3,60
Thomas Davis, 3,06
William M. Douglass, 4,55
Joshua " " 6,79
Eleazar " 9,26
Zebulon W. " 8,67
William H. " 6,36
Oliver S. Edwards, 13,03
Ezekiel " 63
A. K. P. " 6,91
Nathaniel Erskine, 2,34
Jeremiah " 6,36
Daniel Fuller, 25,53
David " 13,73
242
SKETCH OF WEST GARDINER.
NAMES. Total.
William Fuller, $7,30
David H. 12,92
Henry Farr, 6,12
Isaac " 14,63
Enoch French, 18,88
John Fogg, 11,98
Charles G. French, 9,59
John A. " ,59
Joseph Fuller, 9,90
Daniel Gilman, 8,78
James " ,23
Nahum Grover, 4,49
Wm. " 3,97
Caleb Goodwin, (est.) 9,77
John M. Gove, 11,79
.John Gowell, 19,31
Bernard Goodrich, 3,60
Charles Gowell, 8,55
Sumner Green, 32
Oliver Goodwin, 5,62
R. H. Gardiner, (Gar.) 24,75
Archibald Horn, (Hall.) 7,20
Samuel Horn, 3,92
John W. Herrick, 9,29
Wm. P. Haskell, 36
Joseph " (estate,) 11,57
Ephraim Hodges, 2d, 3,64
Ezra " 4,52
Sullivan Hodgdon, (est.) 8,49
Samuel " Jr., 10,23
Jeremiah " 15,89
John " 12,35
Samuel " 1,80
R. G. Hildreth, (Mass.) 9,63
Shepard L. Hutchinson, 32
Daniel Hildreth, 2d, 10,39
Henry Hinton, 8,73
Caroline Hildreth, 6,30
Charles H. Houghton, 5,47
Merrill Hunt, 14,88
NAMES. Total.
Euclid Houghton, $9,47
Aaron Haskell, 40,30
Nahum Hildreth, (Gar.) 72
Levi Jones, 7,07
John Johnson, 5,78
Rufus Judkins, 13,82
David Jenkins, 8,14
John Jaqueth, (Gar.) 2,68
Robert Johnson, 8,03
Benj. Jewett, 7,58
Seth Kempton, 8,19
Nathaniel Kenniston,
(Gar.) 4,54
John Knox, 1,41
Nathan J. Knox, 9,90
John S. " 6,80
Thomas K. Lord, 3,44
Samuel Lane, 15,04
Hiram Lord, 10,53
Isaac " 8,78
J. B. Littlefield, 13,06
James Lowell, (Gar.) 2,70
Tobias Littlefield, 6,46
James " 12,04
Joseph W. Lunt, 8,48
James Littlefield, Jr., 4,11
Jeremiah C. Looke, 2,32
Jesse Lambert, (Gar.) 12,79
John Libby, 10,88
Levi Lambert, 8,01
Robert Laplane, 7,61
Geo. T. Marston, 15,61
Daniel Marston, (est.) 17,38
Samuel C. McKenny, 8,69
Thos. C. McCausland, 2,70
Jeremiah " 11,03
Thomas H. " 4,05
Sally *' (exempt,)
Arthur B. 8,93
Frederic Mills, 6,97
SKETCH OF WEST GARDINER.
243
NAMES.
Total.
Thomas Mills,
$2,25
Beni. Marston, (Gar.]
1,08
Arthur B. McCausland,
(Gardiner,)
,90
Andrew "
1,80
Charles W.
1,80
Joseph S. "
4,55
John "
15,57
John R, McKenney,
,36
Nahum Merrill,
25,65
Daniel "
18,25
Allison Milliken,
17,46
P. L. " (est. ex'mpt.)
Nath'l Marston,
4,36
James "
3,51
Levi Moore,
3,48
Wm. McLellan,
Reuben S. iMitchell,
2,17
2,25
J. F. Marr,
5,55
Alex'r "
9,62
F. B. Merrill,
6,53
James C. Malcomb,
7,97
Stephen Merrill,
12,41
Wm.
9,83
Thomas J. Neal,
6,56
Simon Nudd,
7,42
Geo. Nash,
13,20
Samuel
,54
Pt,)
Hannah Neal, (exem
Eliakim Norton,
7,28
Robert M. Newell,
25,26
Asa L.
6,54
Edward Norton,
12,67
Reuel W. Norris,
,59
T. J. Parks, (est.)
Hiram Pope,
21,33
18,71
Elijah "
23,34
John Plaisted, (Gar.)
4,28
Simeon Potter,
1,49
Sidney "
4,65
Bart. B. Potter,
,16
NAMES. Total.
Robert B. Potter, #2,03
Ansyl Potter, 13,85
Edward Peacock, 2d, 16,59
James " (Gar.) 5,53
James Potter, 9,93
Sam'l H. Parsons, 10,77
Wm. Peacock, 7,38
Benj. B. Robinson, 6,73
Joseph Roberts, 8,42
Charles M. " 15,10
John M. " 11,58
Andrew Rollins, 4,95
Gardiner Roberts, -12,50
John Robbins, 8,44
Chester Rhodes, 25,88
Thomas Richardson, 3,19
Geo. L. Smith, 4,69
Thomas B. Sampson, 36,00
Job " 5,36
John Stevens, 2d, 7,38
Maria Sampson, (exempt,)
Moses Stevens, (Bath,) 4,50
Jeptha Sherburn, 5,59
James (Hal.) 27
Joseph Steward, 3,60
John " 2,07
James Sherburn, 12,45
Aaron Stackpole, 15,08
Harvey Scribner, 12,94
James Spear, 13,70
Richard " 8,63
Joseph L. " 1,58
William " 2d, 12,59
John » 9,06
Israel ^' 2,54
George " 1,35
Joseph M." 1,08
Gardiner " 20,22
Thaddeus " 24,02
Charles Small, 8,51
Jacob " 5,31
244
SKETCH OF WEST GARDINER.
NAMES. Total.
Hart well Stickney, 6,91
Lois Spear, (exempt,)
Herman Stinson, 7,23
Hugh Smith, 10,05
Barzillai " 8,88
John Stevens, 5,45
John A. " 2,03
Hannah Tappan, (exempt,)
Andrew Tibbetts, (Gar.) 1,26
Jesse Tucker, (est.) 28,33
1,80
Emerson Titcomb, 21,20
Caleb Towle, 14,47
Nicholas *' 7,90
Henry Taylor, (Hal.) 1,35
Robert C. Towle, 13,55
Moses D. Thompson, 3,05
Caleb Taylor, 2,84
Wm. Trafton, 10,09
Asa Trask, 2,25
Elias Taylor, 6,59
Geo. D. Wakefield, 13,86
James Woodbury,
Wm. "
N. M. Whitmore,(Gar
John Williams,
Ivory Wakefield,
Jeremiah "
Dominicus Jr.,
H.M. & J. "
Annanias "
Wm. " (Gar.)
Granville "
Alfred
George
H. D. " (Gar.)
A. & F. "
James Williams,
Wm. H. "
Nicholas S. "
Ezekiel Ware,
Joseph Wharf, Jr.,
Samuel Washburn,
Total.
7,56
11,25
) 12,71
12,01
25,73
32,07
17,96
7,61
1,35
6,08
12,93
10,98
1,31
5,07
10,03
9,28
5,97
8,39
12,55
12,02
8,80
SINGI.E POLLS.
James Bran, Jr.
Eli Bassett,
Moses R. Burnham,
Joel L. "
James Cole,
Augustine Fuller,
George A. "
Daniel F. "
George W. French,
Alleoh Galusha,
Israel Glass,
Wm. Hildreth,
Thaddeus H. Littlefield,
Robert "
Alvin Merrill,
Seward "
Samuel Merrill,
Abner Milliken,
Henry Marston,
Robert D. Rhodes,
Charles Small, Jr.,
Wm. Stackpole,
Samuel Small,
John Smith,
David Tucker,
Nathan Thorn,
Sleeper Towle,
John
Thomas Trafton,
Franklin Wakefield,
P. M. Ware.
CHAPTER VIII.
ECCLESIASTICAL.
EPISCOPALIANS.
Members of the English Church were among tlie
earhest settlers of Maine.* Those who attempted in
vain to found a colony on Stage Island, in 1607,
were members of that church. Sir Alexander Rig-
by sent over the Rev. Richard Gibson, in 1646, to
reside among the people of Falmouth, but he soon
removed to Portsmouth, N. H. Robert Trelawney
sent the Rev. Robert Jordan to Cape Elizabeth, soon
after. The Episcopalians were very much opposed
to the submission of the Province of Maine to Massa-
chusetts, proposed in 1652, because it would prevent
the general adoption of their liturgy. The Society at
Cape Elizabeth has experienced a varied career, and
its present condition is unknown to the writer.
Among the first who advocated Episcopacy on the
Kennebec River was the Rev. Jacob Bailey, who
graduated at Harvard University, in 17 55, f and was
settled at Pownalborough, and went as a missionary
for several years, through the neighboring region,
employed by the Society for the Propagation of the
Gospel. When the Revolutionary troubles thicken-
* Greenleaf, p. 223. f Sabine's American Loyalists, p. 142.
21*
246
ECCLESIASTICAL.
ed, opposed the American cause, and went to An-
napolis, Nova Scotia, where he became Rector of St.
Luke's Church, in which office he died, in 1808,
aged 67. He was absent from his church but one
Sunday for twenty-six years.
The third effort to establish Episcopacy in Maine,
seems to have been made in Gardiner, or as it was
then called, Gardinerston. After erecting a mill and
making the attempts which have been spoken of in
another part of this work. Dr. Gardiner, who was an
ardent Episcopalian, and who wished to see the cause
he loved flourish, established St. Ann's Church, and
made preparations for building a place of worship, in
the year 1771. But the premonitory movements of
the Revohition prevented its completion, and the
war soon after commencing, effectually hindered its
progress, so that when Dr. Gardiner died in 1786, it
was not done.*
In the last will and testament of the good Doctor
was found evidence of the love he had for his re-
ligion, and for what he deemed human welfare.
The provisions he made have been seen in the will
printed on page 92 of this volume. He gave ten
acres of land, and £28 sterling in money annually,
to the cause he loved, and thus enabled it to gain a
position here, and which have always aided it. He
however encumbered^it with the English custom of
presentation, so that his heirs can have the power
to decide who, at any time, shall be the pastor of
the church. Should the entire parish desire one man,
and the owner of the fund, desire another, the will
allows the proprietor to appoint a preacher, whatever
may be the Avish of the society, or the legacy is lost.
The executors of Dr. Gardiner's will fulfilled his
wishes, and a small wooden building of one story,
* Greenlcaf, p. 223.
ECCLESIASTICAL.
247
was erected on the land now occupied by the Epis-
copal vestry. It was. about 50 feet square, with a
tall steeple, surmounted by a large gilt sturgeon, or
cabbassa. The windows were arched, in the fashion
of modern churches. The vane and bell were
given by Wm. Gardiner, and he had also given a
parsonage house, which was near the church, and
was nearly finished when he died. It was at length
allowed to go to decay.*
A town meeting was called, October 17, 1791,f
" To see if the Town will vote to hear the Rev-
erend Mr. Warren as a Candidate on the Principals of
the Will of the Late Dr. Gardiner, until next March
Meeting or for any other term and to se if the Town
will Yote to appropriate any Sum of their Money to
his use or raise any sum for his Support in Case they
should agree with him for a Term longer than to
expend the Legacy, and to pass any Yote or Votes
relative thereto, that the Town when assembled
shall think proper." At the meeting the people
" having maturely considered the 3d artical in the
warrant respecting hearing the Reverend Mr. War-
ren as a candidate on the principils of Doctor Gardi-
ner's Will, it was voted not (to) hear him at all."
April 2, 1792, it was voted that Major Reuben
ColburnJ " should get the Windows and Doors put
up in the Meetinghouse."
The society or parish Avas incorporated March 28,
1793, II in answer to a petition presented to the Gen-
eral Court by Jedediah Jewett, William Barker, Hen-
ry Smith, Henry Dearborn, Nathaniel Bayley, Seth
Gay, Barzillai Gannett, Stephen Jewett, Samuel
Lang, Reuben Moore, &c. The first meeting of the
Society was held on the first of June, and the fol-
* Gen. H. A. S. Dearborn. f Pittston Records, + Ibid,
II Parish Records.
248
ECCLESIASTICAL.
lowing gentlemen were chosen the first board of
officers : — Jedediah Jewett, Moderator ; Barzillai
Gannett, Clerk ; Jedediah Jewett, William Barker
and Reuben Moore, Assessors : Henry Smith, Jr.,
Collector ; William Barker, Henry Smith and Eben-
ezer Byram, Wardens ; Henry Dearborn, Seth Gay
and Jedediah Jewett, Vestrymen ; Samuel Lang,
Sexton.
The salary of Rev. Joseph Warren was fixed at
;£65 per annum. The pews were arranged in three
classes, and it was voted that those who occupied
the first should pay fourpence, the second, three-
pence, and the third twopence a Sunday.
There is but one of the original communicants
yet living, — Rufus Gay, Esq., who is now a re-
ceiver of the New Church doctrines. Seth Gay, his
brother, another, became a Universal ist some years
before his death. Wm. Swan, Margaret Byram, and
perhaps one or two others, were among the first
members, and they have all passed away.
On the 22d of the following August, the Church
was burned by McCausland, the maniac.
Henry McCausland, who has already been spoken
of among the early settlers, and Revolutionary sol-
diers, at length became insane, and went wandering
about the town, though he was always considered
harmless ; but at length he fancied that the Lord
had directed him in a vision to make a burnt-olfer-
ing and a sacrifice. The offering was to be the
church, and the sacrifice the Rev. Mr. Warren, who
had for some time preached in the vicinity.* He then
lived a little north of the Cabbassa-contee. Watch-
ing for a good opportunity, he filled a child's shoe
Avith live coals, and fearful that he should be dis-
covered if he crossed the Cabbassa bridge, he forded
* Town Records.
ECCLESIASTICAL.
249
the river near New Mills, and went cautiously over
to the little church. The building being unfinished,
shavings were scattered in the gallery, and he gath-
ered them into a pile, and placed the coals among
them, and to prevent a too early discovery, he cov-
ered theili with a door, and taking the church Bible,
he very tenderly carried it into the woods, and laid it
on a stump. At that time the boards were rough
and loose on the floor, and the humble edifice, in a
small clearing in the pine woods, was in strong con-
trast with the present elegant structure. The build-
ing was entirely destroyed. Having made his burnt-
offering, he looked about in vain for an opportunity
to secure his sacrifice. Finding no favorable occas-
ion, he concluded that some one bearing the same
name would answer equally well. An opportunity
soon presented itself In October, Mrs. Solomon
Tibbetts who lived near Potter Bridge, was very
sick, and needed a careful nurse. Accordingly she
sent her son Abiathar down to the village after her
daughter Abigail, Pelatiah Warren's wife, housekeep-
er for William Gardiner. There was then no road
from the Cabbassa pond to the village, and he took a
canoe and went after Mrs. Warren. They started
on their return, and were seen and followed by Mc-
Causland, in another boat, but his canoe was heavier,
or young Abiathar understood the use of a pad-
dle better, — he could not overtake them. He pro-
cured another boat, and arrived after Abiathar had
gone to sleep in a field-bed on the floor. Mrs. War-
ren sat on the edge of the bed, resting her mother's
head on her shoulder, when McCausland entered.
He spoke pleasantly for a few minutes, and the women
paid no further attention to him. They had killed
a cow that day, and a butcher-knife was sticking in
a beam overhead. The maniac suddenly seized it,
and plunged it into the throat of Mrs. Warren. He
immediately made his escape. Abiathar heard the
250
ECCLESIASTICAL.
outcry, and sprang up, and saw the event in a mo-
ment. He seized a loaded gun which was suspend-
ed over the mantle-piece, and would have shot him
dead, but his brother restrained him, until the mani-
ac escaped. He wandered about until the people
had begun to assemble in the Great House, where
they had worshipped since the church was burned,
when he appeared, wild and haggard, and confessed
that he perpetrated both deeds. He was immedi-
ately secured, and was sentenced to be hanged, but
was pardoned because of insanity. He was impris-
oned in Augusta jail until he died, August 28, 1829,
thirty-six years after. During his confinement he
read the Bible through several times, and was visited
by hundreds of curious persons, from whom he ob-
tained small contributions which he sent to his fami-
ly in very considerable sums. He was born in 1759,
and thus was 70 years old when he died.*
A meeting was immediately called at the house of
Gen. Dearborn, and it was voted to erect another
edifice during the approaching fall, and Henry Dear-
born, Benjamin Shaw, Ebenezer Byram, Reuben
Moore and Henry Smith were chosen a committee
to superintend the building, which was decided to
be fifty feet by thirty-five, and fifteen feet high,
with a porch or belfry, twelve feet square, " and no
steple." By the executors of Dr. Gardiner's Avill,
and general subscription of the parish, the church
was soon rebuilt,! April 26, 1794, it was voted
to give Rev'd Joseph Warren a call to settle as a
minister in the Episcopal parish in Pittston," and to
give him " thirty-four pounds, thirteen shillings and
fourpence in addition to the legacy of Doctor Syl-
vester Gardiner, which is £37,^,8 ; also the improve-
* Abiathar Tibbetts. Mrs. Lord. Cliristian Intelligencer,
t Parish Records.
ECCLESIASTICAL.
251
ment of the Parsonage land ; and the loose contribu'
tion money, as a salary," and that " when Rev'd
Mr. Warren shall be married, the parish will add
eighteen pounds to the £72, — Avhich is the salary
for the current year." The parsonage lot was
fenced, and otherwise improved this year. Mr. War-
ren accepted, and became pastor.*
May 9th, 1796, it was voted on account of "the
high prices of provisions, "to give Mr. Warren
ninety-three dollars and thirty-four cents." He left
July 20, 1796 and went to Charleston, S. C, and
Rev. James Bowers succeeded him, at a salary of
three hundred and thirty-three dollars and thirty-four
cents, and the use of the parsonage. It was voted
that he should not receive the stipulated salary any
longer than should be agreeable to three-fifths of the
Society, and that he should not dissolve his minis-
terial connection, while a majority wished his stay.
fin the year 1797, the pews in the meeting-house
were sold as follows: — Reuben Colburn, $16;
Ebenezer Yose, $26,75 ; James Smith, $20 ; Caleb
Stephens, Jr., $26,75 ; Oliver Colburn, $27,75 ;
Caleb Stevens, $29,50 ; Bartlet Weeks, $25,25 ;
James Dudley, $26 ; Robert Murray, $27 ; H. Smith,
$28 ; Samuel Oakman, $28 ; David Colburn, $28,50 ;
Roger Lapham, $26,50 ; Griffin & Cutts, $25,50 ;
Caleb Smith, $18 ; Caleb Stevens, $17; Nathaniel
Bailey, Jr., $17,75: Jeremiah Smith, $21; Henry
Smith, $24,50; Thomas Agry, $26; James Dud-
ley, $18,50; Robert Murray, $20; Ebenezer Yose,
$20,25; James Smith. $21,25; Thomas Jackson,
$20,25; Reuben Colburn, $22,00; Freeborn Gro-
ver. $24,50 ; David Agry, $26,50, making a total of
$658,50.
In 1798,J a gallery was finished with pews in the
Parish Records. f Town Records. % Ibid.
252
ECCLESIASTICAL.
meeting-house, and the first pew-holders were, Free-
born Grover, Caleb Smith, Nathaniel Bailey and
Daniel Hilton. The selectmen were instructed in
the year 1800, " to apportion the preaching money
to the members of the Episcopal Society, Eastern
River District, and the other parts of the town
according as they respectively pay of said tax."
April 19, 1802, Mr. Bowers, having received an
invitation to remove to Marblehead, proposed to the
parish that the connection should be dissolved, and
his request was granted. During the same year the
Constitution and Canons of the Protestant Episcopal^
Church of the United States were adopted to govern
the parish. Mr. Nathan B. Crocker, now an Episco-
pal Clergyman in Providence, R. I. was appointed
lay reader, July 30, 1802, and it was voted to pay
him $3,50 per week.*
Rev. Samuel Haskell was invited to become Rec-
tor of St. Ann's Church, July 16, 1803, at a salary
of $500, he to have or give six months notice be-
fore leaving.
When Gardiner was erected out of Pittston, the
society changed its name, as it was thought that pos-
terity might find it difficult to determine whether
St. Ann's Church, and the Episcopal Society were
the same, and these names were changed in 1819 to
''Christ Church in Gardiner, Maine."
The annual income of the property bequeathed by
Dr. Gardiner is about $120, and is annually devoted
to the support of the resident Episcopalian clergy-
man.
Mr. Haskell accepted, and remained until the sum-
mer of 1809, whien he removed to New York. The
church was destitute for two years ; but Mr. Haskell
was succeeded by Mr. Aaron Humphreys, a Metho-
Parish Records.
ECCLESIASTICAL.
253
dist* preacher, who was employed as a lay readerf
with the imderstandiiig that he was to be ordained
after the Episcopal custom, at a salary of $330, and
whose term of office commenced June i, 1811. (Mr.
Humphreys was afterwards ordained as an Episco-
palian clergyman, and then became Rector of the
Parish.)
April 19, 1813, it was voted that Mr. Humphrey's
ministerial functions cease at the end of one year
from this time. In the month of September, 1815,
Rev. George Leonard preached a short time on pro-
bation, and in December he was invited to become
Rector ; but from some cause he declined, so that
there was no pastor, or regular religious service for
about four years.
In the Summer of 1817 Rev. Gideon W. Olney
visited the parish, and in August the Rt. Rev. Bish-
op Griswold preached several times, administered
Baptism, the Lord's Supper, and confirmation, to
twelve persons. On the 27th of September, 1817,
Mr. Olney was invited to become Rector, and he
was instituted November 19, 1817,, by the Rev.
Charles Burroughs, of Portsmouth. The keys were
presented by R. H. Gardiner, Esq. The occasion
was one of great joy to the parish. J
It was agitated during the same year to erect a -
new church. A plan was reported, and it was voted
to proceed, provided enough could be obtained from
the sale of pews to erect the house. The efforts
were successful, and on the afternoon of the 31st of
May, 1819, the corner stone of Christ Church was
laid.*§> A part of the evening service was read by
Mr. Olney, and an anthem was sung. Then the
congregation went in procession from the old church
* E,. Gay, Esq. f Francis Richards, t Parish Records.
§ Ibid.
22
254
ECCLESIASTICAL.
to the foundation of the new, in the following
order: — Singers. Rev. G. W. Olney. Neighbor-
ing Clergy. Wardens. Yestry. Members of the
Supreme Judicial Court. Head mason and carpen-
ter. Congregation.
Religious services were performed, after which a
silver plate was deposited under the corner stone,
inscribed with the date of the occurrence, the name
of the principal donor, the Rector, Wardens and
Vestry, and then an address by R. H. Gardiner, Esq.
followed by singing, and a benediction.
March 30, 1825, Mr. Olney resigned the Rector-
ship, and left the parish on the 10th of April, and,
March 8, 1827, Rev. E. M. P. Wells was invited to
become Rector, but there was a difference of feeling
in reference to him, which resulted in a failure to
settle.
August 9, 1828, Rev. T. W. Motte succeeded Mr.
Olney. He accepted Aug. 30, and was instituted
Sept. 18, 1828, by Rev. Charles Burroughs of Ports-
mouth. Rev. Messrs. Ten Broeck, Lot and INorris
M. Jones were present. March 20, 1830, he re-
signed.
April 19, Rev. Isaac Peck received a call. He ac-
cepted, but remained only a short time. Feb. 15,
1831, a beautiful chandelier, bought and imported
by the young ladies of Gardiner, was placed in the
church. In 1833, July 4, the old meeting-house,
which had been used as a town-house for a long
time, was burned. Mr. Peck resigned Oct. 26, 1831.
May 12, 1832, Rev. Joel Clap assumed the pastor-
ate. He remained until the year 1840, when he
removed to Woodstock, Yt. During a portion of his
stay, from April 13, 1834, until June 8, there were no
meetings in the church for fear the roof would fall
in.
July 9, 1840, at a parish meeting, Rev. W^m. R.
ECCLESIASTICAL.
255
Babcock* was invited to become Rector. He ac-
cepted, and commenced his labors. The present
lecture room was erected in 1841, and covers the
grave of Wiiham Gardiner, the builder of the first
church. In 1842, about 30 feet of the spire was
taken down, and the spire and tower cemented.
The Parsonage was sold in 1842, to Phineas Pratt,
Esq. Rev. Mr. Carpenter of Rhode Island, was or-
dained at Christ Church, July 19, 1842.
Mr. Babcock resigned, April 5, 1847. During his
stay, more prosperity was enjoyed than ever before.
Communicants were doubled, and the congregation
largely increased. Requested by the parish, he
waived his resignation until October, when a Bishop
of Maine was to be chosen. He was graduated at
the General Theological Seminary, N. Y.
Sept. 15, 1847,t it was voted, that if Mr. Bab-
cock should insist on his resignation, the Rev. Geo.
Burgess, D. D., of Hartford, Conn., should be in-
vited. Bishop Burgess accepted, and came on the
first Sunday in November, 1847. Dr. Burgess has
published "The Last Enemy," pp. 330; "The
Stranger in the Church ;" and is Bishop of the
Episcopal churches in Maine.
February 11, 1848, Samuel Duborro was ordained
in Christ Church.
Christ Church is one of the finest edifices in
Maine. It is 96 by 78 feet, and stands 125 feet
above the bed of the river. Its weather-vane is 125
feet above the corner stone, so that it is 250 feet
above the river. It is in the plain gothic style, and
all parts are in admirable keeping. It seats 475
people,! and cost about $14,000.
This church has been repaired repeatedly. Owing
to some defect in the building, the spire and walls
Parish Records.
t Ibid. X Daniel Nutting.
256
ECCLESIASTICAL.
have been ascertained to be weak, and much regret
has been expressed by the citizens that so fine a
church should have been so improperly built. The
parish of Christ Church contains 151 members, and
has a Sunday school of 180 scholars, with a Sunday
school and parish library of 700 volumes.*
METHODISTS. EAST PITTSTON.
Rev. Jesse Lee from Virginia was the pioneer of
Methodism in this town, about the year 1794. His
stay was short, but it opened the way for others,
whose labors were longer continued. Philip Wager,
Roger Searls, Elias Hull and Enoch Mudge, and per-
haps some others, preached here a part of the time
till the latter part of the year 1797, when the first
Methodist Church was organized by Aaron Hum-
phrey.! was composed of members residing in
Pittston and Whitefield. Some of the most efficient
were David Young, Burnam Clark, James Norris
and Benj. Flitner, all of whom are deceased, but
they lived to a good old age.
The Church was first associated with a circuit
called Lincoln and Bath. The record does not state
who had charge in 1798. In 1799 John Finegan
and Comfort C. SmithJ were in charge. In 1800,
Timothy Merritt and Reuben Hubbard. In 1801,
Timothy Merritt and Comfort C. Smith. In 1802,
Joseph Baker<§> and Daniel Ricker. In 1803, the
circuit was divided, and that part including this
church was called Bristol, and Comfort C. Smith
stationed upon it. In 1804, Samuel Hillman. 1805,
Daniel Ricker. 1806, Allen H. Cobb ; in the latter
part of the year, David Carr took his place, and Cobb
* Rev. George Burgess.
1 Since a Universalist.
t Since an Episcopalian.
Ibid.
ECCLESIASTICAL.
257
took Carr's in Hallowell. 1807, James Young.*
1808, Joel Steele. 1809, Wm. Frost. 1810, Daniel
Wentworth. 1811, David Stimpson. 1812, David
Stimpson and Caleb Fogg. In 1813, the circuit was
divided, and that part including this church called
Pittston, and Samuel Hillman and Joshua Nye, its
preachers. 1814, Ebenezer F. Newell. 1815, John
Wilkinson. In 1816, Pittston and Bristol united,
and John Lewis and Jeremiah Marsh were appointed
to it. 1817, Henry True and John Briggs. In
1818, Pittston and Bristol were set back again, and
John Briggs appointed to Pittston. 1819, Wm.
McGray and Benj. Ayer. 1820, John Atwell. 1821 ,
Philip Ayer. 1 822, Daniel Wentworth. 1823, E. F.
Newell. 1824, Benj. Jones. 1825, Peter Burgess.
1826, Caleb Fogg and Peter Burgess. 1827, Daniel
Wentworth and Francis Drew. 1828. Wm. S. Doug-
lass and John Libbey. 1829, Job Pratt. 1830 and
1831, John Young. 1832 and 1833, Samuel Jew-
ett. 1834, James Thwing. In 1835, Rishworth J.
Ayer. 1837, James Thwing. 1838 and 9, Josiah
Higgins. 1840 and 41, Daniel Fuller. 1842 and 3,
S. P. Blake. 1844, Sullivan Bray. 1845, David
Hutchinson. 1846 and 7, George D. Strout. 1848,
Mace R. Clough. 1849, Daniel Clark. 1850 and
51, P. P. Morreli. 1852, John G. Pingree.
The following have been Presiding Elders upon
the districts including this charge: — Ralph Willis-
ton, Joshua Taylor, Joshua Soule, Oliver Beale,
David Hutchinson, Philip Munger, Eleazer Wells,
Elisha Streeter, Geo. Webber, Ezekiel Robinson,
Charles Baker, David Copeland, Wm. F. Farrington,
N. D. George, W. H. Pillsbiir^f and Albert Church.
The Sabbath school was first organized in 1832.
There are now three in East Pittston, connected
* Since a XJniversalist.
22*
258
ECCLESIASTICAL.
with this church, having 100 scholars, and a hbrary
of 300 vohimes.
This church, like the Jefwish church in the land
of Palestine, has had her seasons of common and
special blessings, and her seasons of conflict and
trial. But by the Grace of God, she is what she is,
and has a membership, including probationers, of one
hundred and sixty members. - She has furnished
four preachers : — David Young, Jr., now deceased,
Eliakim Scammon, John Young and Cyrus Scam-
mon. Up to the building of the present house of
worship, this church was in her ministry associated
with other churches, so that she had Sabbath preach-
ing alternately, and on the vacant Sabbaths the
church held social meetings for prayer, and the exer-
cise of the gifts of the lay-members in acts of wor-
ship, by singing, exhortation, &c. Since that time the
preachers have labored mostly with this church.
Those members near the house, have for ten or
twelve years, last past, besides the public preaching,
generally had a prayer meeting. Sabbath and Wed-
nesday evenings, and a class meeting Saturday eve-
nings, which has had a very salutary influence upon
the religious interests of its members.
In 1809, a one story meeting-house was built, at a
cost of about nine hundred dollars, which was raised
by subscription, and the sale of a tier of wall pews.
The rest of the house was finished with free seats.
The citizens joined with the church members in
building the house, with the agreement that it
should be a Methodist house, but free for other
denominations, when, not occupied by Methodist
preachers. This house continued to be the place of
public worship, till another and better one was built
at a cost of about $2400 ; built by the sale of the
pews, in 1838. About five years ago a church bell
was added — the first in the town. This house,
ECCLESIASTICAL.
259
like the other, is a Methodist house, bat free for
others.
The governing ministry of this church has been
supphed by the Annual Conference of the Ministry
of the M. E. Church, including this locahty, by the
rules of which no one can be sent more than two
years in succession.
David Young, Jr., of Pittston, (see Young geneal-
ogy,) became a local preacher in the Methodist E.
Church of this place, about 1810. A local preacher
is one who has no special charge over any particular
church or society, and does not belong to the Con-
ference of Traveling Ministry, but labors for the gen-
eral welfare, when and where he thinks there is the
greatest prospect of doing good. In this capacity
he labored zealously and usefully not only in the
church at East Pittston, but in many of the neigh-
boring towns, and sometimes far abroad, till about
five years ago, when he was taken down by sick-
ness, and died, as much respected and beloved as
any one in this place ever was.
E. Scammon became a local preacher in 1816,
and continued such till 1836, when he joined the
Annual Conference and still holds a superannuated
relation to that body, but by a rheumatic affection
in his limbs, he has been laid aside from efficient
labors since 1839, and at this time is unable to go
abroad.
John Young commenced preaching about 1825.
He joined the Traveling Connection as early as
1830, and still holds his connection with it, and is
general agent of the Bible Society for the State of
Maine.
Cyrus Scammon commenced preaching in 1835,
joined the conference in 1837, and still remains a
traveling preacher in the East Maine Conference. —
Written by Rev. Eliakirn Scammon.
260
ECCLESIASTICAL.
METHODISTS IN GARDINEH.
The first Methodist pr^chers who visited Hallo-
well and Gardiner, were Rev. Comfort C. Smith of
Readfield, and Rev. Epaphras Kibbey of Massachu-
setts ; who in the summer of 1 800 were requested
by Mr. Andrew Goodwin, Gershom Cox, Jesse Kim-
ball and others residing on the east side of the Ken-
nebec, in Hallowell, to preach to them. This they
continued to do occasionally, and in the summer of
1802 the Methodist Conference appointed two preach-
ers, viz.. Rev. C. C. Smith and Aaron Humphrey, to
Hallowell circuit ; which then embraced all the river
towns from Richmond to Bloom field.
The germ of the Methodist Church in Gardiner
was formed in 1802 at Bowman's point, where in
the following year a meeting-house was erected, on
the intervale just north of Peter Grant's house. —
This edifice was never finished, as there was a ten-
dency in the society to concentrate in the villages
of Hallowell and Gardiner. — It continued to be us-
ed occasionally for worship, till about 1830, when
it was taken down. — The early Methodists in Gar-
diner were Moses Springer, sen'r, Eleazer Crowell,
Ichabod Plaisted, James McCurdy, William Springer,
Daniel Plummer, James Miller, Stephen Robinson,
Nathan Sweatland, Harlow Harden, and their fami-
lies.
The following is a catalogue of the preachers
appointed each year, Avith the numbers in the society.
YEAR. NAMES. No. in Society.
1802 Comfort C. Smith and Aaron Humphrey, 100
1803 A. Humphrey and S. Hillman, . . 150
1804 A. Humphrey and Dan Perry, . . 101
1805 Thos. Perry, 187
1806 David Carr, and A. H. Cobb, . .115
1 807 Caleb Fogg, 117
1808 Henry Martin, 117
ECCLESIASTICAL.
261
1809 Eben. F. Newell, . . . .162
1810 Zachariah Gibson, .... 153
1811 Samuel HillmaR, . . . .150
1812 " ..... 150
During the year 1812, there was much uneasiness
in the society, occasioned by the active part taken
by Mr. Hillman in favor of the war with Great
Britain. Numbers of the church were Federalists,
and warmly opposed " preaching politics," of which
they accused their minister.
1813 Joshua Randall, 139
1814 John At well, ..... 203
1815 " 230
1816 Henry True, . . . . . 240
1817 Daniel Wentworth, . . . .300
1818 Benj. Jones, . • . . . 344
1819 Oliver Beale, 405
1820 Henry True, 425
In 1821, the three towns of Augusta, Hallo well
and Gardiner were set off, and continued to be call-
ed Hallo well circuit, containing 314 church members.
1821 Charles Virgin, 314
Till 1821, the society worshipped in the meeting-
house at Bowman's point, and in the school-house
near Ichabod Plaisted's. In 1821 and part of 1822,
they occupied the old chujrch which had been vacat-
ed by the Episcopalians.
1822 David Hutchinson, .... 352
In 1822, Mr. Richard Clay having completed the
Yellow meeting-house" on the Plaisted hill, which
he had built at his own expense, informed the min-
ister, Mr. Hutchinson, that he " had given the house
to the Lord and the key to father Plaisted." This
was considered an intimation that the church might
occupy it, which they did immediately, and continu-
ed there till Nov. 1828, when the new church was
dedicated, on which occasion an eloquent dedicatory
262
ECCLESIASTICAL.
sermon was delivered by the celebrated John N. Maf-
fitt. The cost of the edifice was about $3500.
1823 David Hutchinson and Otis Williams, . 372
1824 Heman Nickerson and Jesse Stone, . 372
1825 Stephen Lovell and Caleb D. Rogers, . 336
1826 Wilder B. Mack and Moses Hill, . ,391
In 1827, Gardiner was established a separate sta-
tion, which then contained 159 church members.
1827 Phineas Crandall, .... 159
1828 John Atwell, 172
1829 225
1830 Stephen Waterhonse, . . . .397
1831 " 380
1832 Justin Spaulding, . . . .240
1833 R. E. Schermerhorn, . . . .245
1834 Aaron Sanderson, .... 225
1835 228
1836 John B. Husted, . . . . . 277
1837 John W. Atkins, .... 282
1838 Moses Hill, . . . . .262
1839 " 320
1840 Wm. F. Farrington, . . . .390
1841 " .... 470
1842 JohnHobart, . . . ... 470
1843 Geo. Webber, 312
1844 N. D. George, . . . .312
1845 T. Greenhalgh, ..... 256
1846 Moses Hill, . . . . .282
1847 " " ..... 283
1848 Eaton Shaw, 265
1849 250
1850 Joseph Colby, . . . . . 440
1851 " 4-20
The number of church members at the present
time, (1852,) is 420, including about 75 probation-
ers. The Sunday school was organized in 1827.
It has 233 members, and a library of 500 volumes.
■ METHODIST CHURCH
J?, J", Jffnes Mel
ECCLESIASTICAL.
263
METHODISTS. SOUTH GARDINER AND BRUNSWICK
ROAD.
In 1840 the Methodists in South Gardiner erected
a meeting-house on the river road, containing 42
pews, at a cost of $1200. In 1843, that portion of
the church, with others on the Brunswick road, were
set off as a distinct charge, and Rev. David Higgins
appointed as their preacher. 1844, Rev. John Cum-
ner was appointed to serve them one year, since
which they have had only occasional supplies.
[The account in the foregoing paragraph, and the
sketch of the methodists in Gardiner, were written
by Moses Springer, Esq.]
METHODISTS. PITTSTON VILLAGE.
The Pittston Village Church became a separate
station about the year 1842, and preaching was had.
Rev. Freeman Yates was appointed in 1846, F.
Soule in 1847, I. Foster, 1848-9, P. Higgins, 185U,
Zina Hyde Blair, 18ol. The neat house which now
adorns the village was erected in 1847, at a cost of
$3000. It was mainly done by Messrs. Smith Cox
and John Blanchard. The preacher of the dedica-
tory sermon was Rev. Gershom F. Cox. A bell was
placed in the steeple, by subscription, in 1851. There
are about 30 members of the church, and there is a
Sunday school of 50 scholars, possessing a library
of 250 vols. [Statistics furnished by Aiplionso
H. Clark.]
ORTHODOX CONGREGATIONALISTS.
The great majority of the people of the Province of
Maine were of the Congregational order, but that
exclusive sectarianism which prevailed in Massachu-
setts did not obtain here. So liberal were the people
that this proverb prevailed at Plymouth : — " When
a man can find no religion to his taste, let him go to
264
ECCLESIASTICAL.
Maine."* Every variety could here be found, and
no one party was sufficiently powerful to be able
to tyrannize.
The people of ancient Pittston, who loved the re-
ligion of the Puritans, were for a long time obliged
to go abroad to hear their favorite doctrines, or, at
the most, were able to receive only the occasional in-
struction of a visiting preacher. The Rev. Isaac
Foster, who went to Hallowell in 1786, had a few
hearers from Pittston, and it is probable that the Hal-
lowell church was partly sustained by Pittston mem-
bers.f Previous to this, however, the more zealous
of these destitute Christians were forced to greater
troubles. Major Reuben Colburn was an ardent Con-
gregationalist. It was for many years his custom,^
through the summer months to place his family in a
canoe on each returning Saturday, and paddle them
down to Georgetown, 35 miles, and attending church
Sunday, would return Monday. This is an amount
of zeal rarely witnessed in these degenerate days.
Attempts were made in the y«ar 1788 to erect a
meeting-house near Maj. Colburn's, for the benefit of
the people on the eastern side of the river, Avho were
mostly Congregationalists and Methodists. The
frame was finished, and the people finding them-
selves unable to proceed further, offered the building
to the town in February, 1789. The town refused
to accept it, but, at another meeting the vote was re-
considered, the building was taken by the town, and
partly finished. It was called the Town House, or
the Meeting-house, and rehgious services were held
there until it was superseded by the new house.
In 1846 it was sold to Hiram Stevens, for f 25,46.
The reader will please read 1846, for 1844, on page
179, line second.
* Grcenleaf. f Ibid. % Elijah Jackson.
ECCLESIASTICAL,
265
Efforts were made to secure the services of Rev.
Mr. Moore, in 1792, to preach in the eastern part of
the town, and teach school.* He does not seem to
have remained long. Rev. Charles Turnerfpreached
in the years 1795 and 6. The people of East Pitts-
ton seem to have been very hostile to the Episcopal
church, and refused to sustain its interests. Year
after year they voted to devote their portion of the
religious tax to the support of schools.f But in
1798 the town voted that the people should not ex-
pend the money in schooling, though th^y might
support any preaching they pleased. J Efforts were
made to employ Rev. Price as minister of
the town for the year 1803, but the vote stood 16
to 18.^ In 1805 it was voted to divide the money
raised by religious tax, among the several donomina-
tions, according to the contribution of each.|| The
Congregationaiists considered Pittston as missionary
ground, until about 1812. At length, however, the
FIRST CONGIlEGATIO]!^AL CHURCH IN PITTSTON
Was organized, Nov. 17, 1812. The Council pres-
ent at the organization, at the house of Maj. Reuben
Colburn, were Rev. Messrs. Gillet, Bailey, Ward,
Jenks and Tappan. There were eight members : —
Isaac Noyes, Ephraim Hunt, (living,) Thomas Jack-
son, Francis Flitner, Mrs. Jackson, Mrs. Jackins,
Mary Oakman, Sally Oakman, (living.) Miss Oak-
man married Mr. Kendrick, Mr. Daniel Kendrick
was then ordained to the work of the Gospel minis-
try. The order of exercises was thus arranged : — -
Rev. David Thurston, Introductory Prayer; Rev.
Eliphaiet Gillet, Sermon ; Rev. Wm. Jenks, Ordain-
ing Prayer : Rev. Mr. Ward of Alna, Charge ; Rev.
* Town Records.
Jj Ibid.
23
t Ibid.
I Ibid,
§ Ibid.
266
ECCLESIASTICAL.
B. Tappan, Right hand of Fellowship ; Rev.
Bailey, Concluding Prayer. Mr. Kendrick remained
until his connection was dissolved*,"" Aug. 29, 1820.
He lives in Minot.
From that time preaching was enjoyed most of
the time by the church, by preachers residing at a
distance, until June in the year 1841, when Rev.
James McCullom removed to the town, was ordain-
ed, and continued to labor until Sept. 1845. He
is now at Great Falls.
The next pastor was Rev. J. H. Stratton. He
came in the year 1846, and remained until May 28,
1849, when he removed to Irving, Mass., where he
died.
Rev. Sumner Clarke removed to Pittston, and
became pastor of the church in Dec. 1849. In 1851,
he removed to Massachusetts.
Sept. 26, 1851, Rev. Joshua Gay assumed the
pastorate. There are now about 46 members. There
is a Sunday school of about 40 scholars, and a li-
brary of 20U volumes,- connected with the church.
The meeting-house is situated about a mile below
the ferry, and was built in 1836. It is a very neat
temple. — Dea, E. Jackson, and Ch. Rec,
CONGREGATIONALISTS. PITTSTON VILLAGE.
A small church consisting of some thirteen mem-
bers, was formed in Pittston village, in the year
1851. The pastor of the Pittston church is their
minister.
HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE CONGREGATION Al,
CHURCH AND SOCIETY. GARDINER.
WRITTEN BY REV. W. L. HYDE.
Pastors. Native place. Ordained. Dismissed.
Rev. Seth Sweetser, Newburyport, Mass. Nov. 1836 Nov. 1838
" Aaron Chester Adams, Bangor, Me. July, 1839 Jan'y, 1841
ECCLESIASTICAL.
267
Pastors. Native Place.
Rev. Josiah Wheelock Peet, , Vermont.
<• William Lyman Hyd*>, Bath, Me.
Ordaimd. Dismissed.
Dec. 1841 July, 1848
May, 1849.
There were no formal attempts made to estab-
lish in Gardiner a religions society according to the
faith and nsages of the Cougregationalists, until the
year 1833. A very trivial circumstance led to the
undertaking the enterprise at this time. The vener-
able Dr. Gillett. Secretary of the Maine Missionary
Society, one Saturday afternoon in the spring of
the year, rode down from Hallo well on horseback,
expecting to cross over to Pittston, where he had an
appointment for the Sabbath. The river was swol-
len by recent rains, and the ice running fast, render-
ed the crossing by ferry-boat impracticable, and he
had turned his horse to go back again to Hallo well,
when he was accosted by a brother in the faith, a
member of the Congregational church in Litchfield,
and invited to tarry with him for the night. The
brother expressed a very strong desire for the estab-
lishment of Congregational worship in this place,
but he knew of only one other person in the place ex-
cept himself who had a similar desire. As the result
of their conference, Dr. Gillett left an appointment
for the Sabbath next succeeding, with the assurance
that if the prospect was good, the Missionary Soci-
ety would send a man to labor here. The Sabbath
was rainy, and a little hetndful of six persons gather-
ed in the room of the brother already mentioned.
The venerable father expounded the scriptures in a
familiar manner, to their edification, and in the even-
ing, as the storm had cleared away, preached in a
private house near the factory. Several times during
the spring and summer he preached in the old school-
house on Summer St. In the fall of the year, Mr.
Daniel Hunt, a licentiate of Andover Theological
Seminary, was sent by the M. M. S., and preached
three months at the old Masonic Hall. These first
268
ECCLESIASTICAI>.
efforts to establish a religious society, developed the
fact that there were qnite a number of the same
faith in the place, and led to measures for the organ-
ization of a parish.
According to a call signed by Nathaniel Wilson,
Esq. and twenty-one others, a warrant was served,
and on the 28th of Sept. 1833, the parish was duly
organized. All of the members, however, were men
of small pecuniary means and only three of them
members of any church. The main reliance there-
fore for pecuniary aid was on the Maine Missionary
Society.
In the spring of 1834, Mr. Seth Sweetser, a licen-
tiate of Andover, was commissioned by the Maine
Missionary Society to preach here during the spring
vacation at the Seminary. He spent five Sabbaths,
preaching during this time in the school-house on
Summer street. The congregation increased during
this brief ministry till the school-house was so full
that many had to stand during the services. At the
expiration of his mission a strong desire was ex-
pressed on the part of the society to have him re-
turn and preach again after completing his studies at
Andover.
In August the parish gave Mr. Sweetser a formal
invitation to labor among them, there being no church
yet organized. Mr. Sweetser accepted, and in Nov-
ember resumed his labors. The meetings on the Sab-
bath were now held in the Masonic Hall and the
seats were provided by joint labor. In March of
the ensuing year they changed their place of wor-
ship to the Town Hall.
On the 28th of July, 1835, an ecclesiastical coun-
cil was convened, and the following individuals,
members of Congregational churches in other places,
were organized into a church.
Nathaniel Bryant and Mrs. Mary Bryant, from
church in Vassalboro' ; Gorham Whitney, Mrs. Olive
ECCLESIASTICAL.
269
Whitney and John Baker, from church in Litchfield ;
Joseph G. Bartlett, from church in Halloweil ; Mrs.
PameUa Crooker, from church in Bath ; Mrs. Ruth
Patten, from church in Topsham ; Mrs. Priscilla
White, from church in Woolwich ; Mrs. Elizabeth
Gray from church in Thomaston.
The public services at the Town Hall at two
o'clock, P. M. were as follows : —
Introductory Prayer, Rev. P. Hawes ; Sermon,
Rev. B, Tappan ; organization of Church and* Prayer,
Rev. Thomas Adams ; Fellowship of the churches,
Rev. J. T. Hawes ; Concluding Prayer, Rev. George
Shepard.
During the winter of 1834, several meetings were
held, to consult upon and mature a plan for a house
of worship ; nothing however was done, till the win-
ter of 1835. R. H. Gardiner, Esq. at this time gen-
erously gave the society the lot of land on which
their meeting-house now stands, and the ensuing
spring the erection of a building was commenced.
After much delay, owing to the poverty of the socie-
ty, the building was completed and paid for, by the
aid of some of the neighboring churches ; and was
dedicated to the worship of Almighty God, Nov.
23d, 1836. On the same day, Rev. Seth Svveetser
was ordained pastor of the church and society ac-
cording to their unanimous request. In this relation
he continued with them two years, when having
received a call to Worcester, Mass., he was dismissed
to the great grief of the church and parish.
For a few months the society was without a min-
ister. The following spring, however, Mr. Aaron C.
Adams, of Bangor, was invited to settle with them,
and on acceptance he was ordained, July 10th, 1839.
On account of pecuniary embarrassments and the
difficulty of raising his salary, Mr. Adams felt it his
duty to leave, after laboring with great acceptance
23*
270
ECCLESIASTICAL.
and success here, nearly two years. He asked and
received his dismission in January, 1841.
The society were now supplied for some months
by Rev. Hermon Stinson. During the ensuing fall^
Mr. Josiah W. Peet, a licentiate of Andover Seminary^
preached as a candidate ; and receiving a call from
the church and parish, he was ordained pastor, Dec.
15th, 1841. During the period of Mr. Peet's minis-
try, the house of worship was carpeted and in many
respects improved, and made comfortable ; by the lib-
erality of a member of the parish, an organ was plac-
ed in the gallery. The church is valued at f 3,000,
and will seat about 300 persons. A vestry building
was erected on a contiguous lot, for the convenience
of social meetings. These results were accomplish-
ed by the energy of the pastor. The society, how-
ever, was crippled constantly during this period by
deaths and removals. A very large amount of energy
and pecuniary ability was, by these causes, Avith-
drawn. In July, 1848, Mr. Peet asked and received
his dismission. In October of this year, Mr. W. L.
Hyde, a licentiate of Bangor Seminary, came here
to labor. In May, 1849, he was ordained pastor,
which office he now holds.
There have been no very powerful religious awak-
enings in connection with the labors of either of the
pastors ; still the labors of all have been blessed by
gentle influences from on High.
The following table will exhibit the outward con-
dition of the church during the ministry of the
various pastors. There were at the organization of
the church, ten members. There were added during
By Prof. Letter. Deaths, dism.
Rev. Mr. Sweetser's Ministry,
26
• 22
2
5
" " Adams'
«15
8
3
8
" " Peet's "
7
15
12
17
" " Hyde's
16
14
4
6
Total,
64
59
21
36
ECCLESIASTICAL.
271
There are now 73 members on the church record,
thirteen of these however are non-residents. The
Sabbath school numbers about one hundred, with a
hbrary of 250 vohimes.
FREEWILL BAPTISTS. FIRST CHURCH.
The first Freewill Baptist church in Gardiner was
organized July 15, 1820. It consisted of seventeen
members, and was under the pastoral care of Elder
Joseph Robinson, of Richmond. He remained about
fourteen years, laboring with great acceptance. In
1835 there were forty-five members, and the pastor
at that lime was Elder E. Gunham, who remained
about two years. At the end of that time there
were fifty-two members. The next pastor was
Hubbard Chandler, under whose care the church in-
creased to sixty-one. He was succeeded by Elder
Robert Stinson, who remained three years, and the
church had seventy-two members. The meetings of
this church, and their religious services were held in
the school-houses in districts No. 7 and 13.
In 1841 they built a neat church, at an expense of
$1060,00, which was dedicated to God, November
3d, by Elders Hermon and Robert Stinson. It is
the first meeting-house below the village, and seats
two hundred persons. Mr. Stinson continued until
1842, when Elder Nathaniel Purrington of Lisbon
became for two years the pastor. Elder Samuel
Bush had the care of the church for three years
after this, and additions were made, so that it num-
bered 86 in 1849. Since then, by deaths and remov-
als the church has been considerably diminished.
Elder C. Purrington, Elder Thomas Tyler and some
others have labored with the church.
A Sabbath School was commenced in June, 1829,
by R. H. Gardiner, Esq., and his family, and was
for eiglit or nine years under their direction. Mr. F.,
272
ECCLESIASTICAL.
Richards took charge of it for one or two years, and
different persons have managed it from time to time.
Its largest number was from 70 to 80, but at present
it is quite small. It has usually kept about three
months each year. — Abridged from an account writ-
ten hy Dea. Samuel Newcomb.
FREEWILL BAPTISTS. SECOND CHURCH.
The Second Freewill Baptist Church in Gardiner,
now the first in West Gardiner, was organized Oct.
26, 1826, by Elders Samuel Hathorn, and Josiah
Farwell. It had 15 members. Preaching was had
the first year, from Elder S. Hathorn, and 14 mem-
bers were added. He continued to labor until 1835,
assisted somewhat in 1834, by Elder Hubbard
Chandler, and 46 members Avere added to the church.
Elder Mark Getchell and Elder Barnard Goodrich
labored in the years 1836, 7 and 8, and 21 members
joined the church. Elder Samuel Bush became
pastor in 1840. Up to this time the services of the
Sabbath were celebrated in school-houses. In the
summer of 1840, the meeting-house was built at a
cost of f 1100, and was dedicated in November.
Sermon by Elder Josiah Keene, and other services by
Elders Nathaniel Purrington, Mark Getchell and
Isaac Frost. This house stands in the western ex-
tremity of the town, on the Litchfield road, where
the road from Horseshoe pond to French's corner
crosses, and will seat 250 persons. The preachers
in 1841, were Elders Getchell and Frost, and during
this year a great revival was enjoyed. A protracted
meeting was held for three weeks, and from Febru-
ary to May 100 members were added by baptism,
and 5 by letter. January 19, 1842, fifteen were
dismissed to form the Centre Church, or what is
now the second in West Gardiner. The preachers
since 1841, have been Messrs. Elders M. Getchell,
ECCLESIASTICAL.
2T3
and I. Frost, 1842; M. Getchell and N. Piirrington,
1843 ; N. Purringtonj Andrew Rollins and Hiram
Albee, 1844 ; A. Rollins and M. Getchell, 1845, 6
and 7; Gideon Perkins and M. Getchell, 1848,-
Thomas Tyler, 1849; Mark Getchell and Alexander
H. Morrell, 1850; and M. Getchell, 1851. In 1843,
there were 6 and in 1844 there were 5 added. Since
1844 no members have been added, but during that
time some have died, some have been dismissed, and
some have been excluded. The present iiumber is
115. The Sabbath school was organized in 1840,
contains about fifty scholars, and has a library of
about 200 volumes. — Statistics furnished hy Mr.
Daniel Fuller.
FREEWILL BAPTISTS. THIRD CHURCH.
This body, the Gardiner City Church, was organ-
ized in October, 1826, by A. Bridges and J. Robin-
son, and was supplied with occasional preaching by
Elder S. Robbins. It finally lost its name to live.
It was re-organized January 30, 1836, by a council
from the Windsor quarterly meeting, consisting of
Elders Josiah Keen, Cyrus Stilson, Henry Header,
Aaron Brown and Dea. Lawton. At this time there
were ten members, and three others were immedi-
ately baptized and admitted. Elder S. W. Perkins
was pastor, and he remained about two years. The
congregation increased and the affairs of the church
prospered during his stay. Meetings were held in
the Clay meeting-house. The next preacher was
Elder Dexter Waterman, who remained but a short
time, and was followed by Mr. Perkins again, who
left in one year, and the church enjoyed only occas-
ional preaching, until 1841, when Elder Hermon
Stinson became its pastor. He remained about three
years, and was followed by Elder J. Stevens, who
continued until the winter of 1846. During the
274
ECCLESIASTICAL.
summer of that year, the meeting-house at the corner
of Summer and Winter streets was built, at an ex-
pense of $3100. It is sixty feet by forty, containing
sixty pews, and has a brick basement. It can con-
tain 400 persons, and is valued at $3000. It was
dedicated to Divine service, December 31, 1846, by
Elder J. K. Staples, who was pastor for two years.
Elder C. Phinney was with them about three months.
Elder D. Lancaster preached a short time, and was
succeeded by Elder P. Folsom. There are now 80
members. The Sabbath school was commenced in
1837, and the Sabbath School Society in 1837.
The average number of scholars is 75, and 600
library books have been bought within five years,
besides others previously procured. — Dea, H, Lee-
man and Charles Bridge.
FREEWILL BAPTIST. FOURTH CHURCH.
This Church, located in the southern part of the
city, was organized with twenty-nine members, in
the year 1838, under the labors of Elder Robert
Stinson. He labored with this people in 1838-9,
and was succeeded by Elder Harmor Getchell, in
Dec. 1840, who remained until Dec. 1842. From
this time the church remained without a pastor until
1850, when Elder Sam'l Hathorn commenced preach-
ing with the people, and a revival took place. The
books were reviewed and it was ascertained that
four had died, eight had been dismissed, and four-
teen added. The present number is thirty-one, and
Elder James Colby is pastor. The church holds its
meetings in the school-house in District No. 9. —
There is a Sabbath school connected with the church,
containing about fifty teachers and scholars, and is in
a very flourishing condition. It has a library worth
from ten to fifteen dollars. It was organized in 1851.
— Furnished by William H. Huntingtoji, Clerk.
ECCLESIASTICAL.
275
FREEWILL BAPTISTS. FIFTH CHURCH.
There was a small church formed about the year
1838, on the Brunswick road. It worships at the
Union house on that road, owning it. with the Meth-
odists and Baptists. There are about 32 members.
FREEWILL BAPTISTS. SIXTH CHURCH.
This was formerly called the Centre Church, and
is in West Gardiner. The brick meeting-house was
erected in the year 1841, at a cost of $1300, and
was dedicated to God, December 22d, of the same
year. Elder John Stevens preached the dedicatory
sermon, from Psalms cxxii. 1. He was aided in the
services by Elders Thomas S. Tyler, Samuel Bush,
Barnard Goodrich, Mark Getchell and Nathaniel Pur-
rinton. The church was organized January 24,
1842, by Elders J. Stevens and Samuel Bush. The
original members were sixteen. Additions have
been made as follows: — in 1843, 3; in 1844, 17;
in 1847, 5 ; making in all 41, of whom 3 have died,
9 have been excluded, and 6 have been dismissed to
other churches. There are now 23.
The preachers have been Elders T. S. Tyler,
Samuel Bush, Hiram Sleeper, Cleveland B. Glidden,
&c. There is a Sunday school having about 20
scholars. — Facts furnished hy Mr. John Blan-
chard.
CALVINISTIC BAPTISTS. FIRST CHURCH.
In the year 1782, it is not known that there was
more than one person who was a Calvinistic Baptist,
on the Kennebec* In 1785, there were but three
churches on the Kennebec and east of it, and these
formed the Bowdoinham Association.
Greenleaf's Eccl. Sketches.
276
ECCLESIASTICAL.
The First Baptist Church in Gardiner, now known
as the Baptist Church in West Gardiner, was organ-
ized by a Council convened Dec. 14, 1815, in the
school-house at Brown's corner. West Gardiner.
Elders John Robinson and Henry Kendall, and sev-
eral brethren from the church in Litchfield constitut-
tcd the council, convened "at the request of certain
brethren formerly members of the 1st Baptist church
in Litchfield." They were organized as the First
Baptist church in Gardiner, and were as follows : —
Elder Levi Young, Wm. Nash, Sewall Brown,
Ezekiel Robinson, James Lord, Joseph Robinson,
Abigail Nash, Anna Brown, Mary Doe, Sarah Lord,
Eunice Robinson, Mary McCausland and Elizabeth
Rice. Sixteen more were added within a year.
Since then additions have been made as follows : —
In 1824 and 5, twenty-nine; fourteen in 1833;
thirty-nine in 1838 ; nine in 1841 ; thirty-four in
1843. The whole number of communicants since
the organization of the church is 205, of whom 53
have joined by letter and 152 by baptism. During
the existence of the church 36 have been excluded,
10 dropped, 8 restored, 56 dismissed and 24 died.
Present number 83. Elder Levi Young supplied the
desk from December 1815, until October 1819.
The pastors have been Rev. Abraham Bedel from
1832 until September 1837. Elder Eliab Cox
from December 1837 to January 1839. Rev. A. M.
Piper from May 1839 to May 184L Elder Rufus
Chase from June 1841 to April 1844. Rev. W. O.
Grant, from September 1844 to 1849. The pastor
since 1849 has been Rev. H. Pierce. The follow-
ing persons have been licensed by this church to
preach : — Rev. Thomas B. Robinson, February 20,
1826 ; James C. Morgan, January 15, 1833, (exclud-
ed from the church, May 3, 1834.) For a consider-
able time religious meetings were held in the school-
house at Brown's corner, and afterwards in a school-
ECCLESIASTICAL.
271
house near where the church now stands. In
February, 1835, a society was organized for the
purpose of building a meeting-house. It was finish-
ed in July, 1836, and dedicated the same month.
The house is a small, neat building, containing a
singing gallery and vestry, and will confortably seat
200 persons. It cost $900 and is located about one-
third of a mile west of the Hallowell line, on the
road leading from Brown's Corner to Hallowell.
The Sunday School is in a prosperous condition. —
Statistics furnished by the Rev. H. Pierce.
BAPTISTS. VILLAGE CHURCH.
The Gardiner Yillage Baptist Church was organ-
ized, Nov. 10, 1843. The original members were
Rev. J. W. Lawton, B. H. Field, L. Parsons, E.
Shepard, Lucy Y. Lawton, Nancy Field, Joan
McCurdy, Mary A. Jewett, Pamelia Duganne, Mary
White and Margaret Plaisted. There are now about
fifty members, and there is a Sunday School which
has been in operation since the organization of the
church, containing about 30 scholars, with a library
of about 200 vols. The church possesses a fine lot
of land for a meeting-house, and preparations have
been made to erect one. The lot is just below Mr.
Daniel Nutting's, on Brunswick street.
The first preacher was Rev. J. W. Lawton, who
came in 1843. He was succeeded, January 3, 1846,
by Rev. Martyn Byrne. Aug. 9, of the same year
came Rev. J. B. Foster, sent by the missionary
society. Rev. Edwin Dibbel came in January,
1849, and was ordained April 30, 1851. In October,
of the same year, he removed to Bath, and was
succeeded in November, 1851, by Rev. M. J. Kelley,
the present pastor. [Dates furnished by Mr. Na-
thaniel Clark ^ Church Clerk.]
24
278
ECCLESIASTICAL.
NEW JERUSALEM CHURCH.
[Wj^itten by H. B. Hoskins, Esq.]
The writings of Emanuel Swedenborg, were first
introduced into this State, about the year 1812, by
the late Mr. John Savels of this town, who became
acquainted with them through the Rev. William
Hills, ail English minister of the established Church.
Through the influence of Mr. Savels the knowledge
of these writings became disseminated in this neigh-
borhood. In the year 1832, those persons residing
in town who had adopted the doctrines taught by
this " Servant of the Lord Jesus Christ," formed
themselves into a Society for the purpose of main-
taining public worship. A church was formed Aug.
25, 1836, under the designation of the New Jerusa-
lem Church, consisting of sixteen members.
These doctrines were first publicly preached here
by the Rev. Samuel Worcester, in October, 1831,
and afterwards, occasionally, by him, the Rev. Henry
A. Worcester, and others, until Sept. 1839, when the
Rev. Adonis Howard commenced preaching for the
society, and was ordained their pastor, Oct. 17, 1841,
and continued that relation until May 31, 1846,
when he was compelled by ill-health to relinquish
his ministerial duties. Since then, the society has
had no settled pastor, but has continued its meetings
for public worship, under the direction of one of its
appointed members. Forty-two persons have been
admitted since its organization, and one hundred and
twelve adults and children have been baptized.
There is a Sunday school connected with this
church.
Note. — The triangular lot on Brunswick street,
near the Common, has been secured for a building
spot, and it is hoped that a church may speedily be
erected on the eligible site. — Compiler.
ECCLESIASTICAL.
27&
UNIVERSALISTS.
The first public proclamation of the gospel of
Universal Grace, within the limits of Gardiner, was
in the old school house that used to stand on the
Common. It was somewhere about the year 1820,
and was by Barzillai Streeter, and Elias Smith, —
the father of the sect called Christians, or the Chris-
tian Band. At about the same time, the venerable
Hosea Ballou came and preached one Sabbath eve-
ning in the old town house. He was persuaded to
tarry here on the occasion alluded to by Mr. Parker
Sheldon, aided by Maj. Seth Gay, Col. John Stone,
Javan Knapp and Haynes Learned. Revs. Sylvanus
Cobb, W. A. Drew, Russel Streeter and others,
occasionally visited the place. The first parish
organization was in 1835, the records of which
were unfortunately destroyed. It is remembered
that Mr. Parker Sheldon, who was for many years
almost alone as a Universalist, Maj. Gay, one of the
original members of the Episcopal Church, E.
McLellan, J. Y. Gray, James Steward, J. G. Donnel,
Silas Andrews and others were the supporters of
the cause.
The society was weak and small, and had much
opposition to resist, and experienced a varied career.
Aug. 29, 1840 it was permanently reorganized, and
had the following members ; J. Steward, J. Y. Gray,
AUyn Holmes, John Roberts, J. G. Donnel, Joel H.
Snow, Henry Bowman, E. F. Deane, P. Sheldon,
Silas Andrews, Welcome Pincin, Andrew Jeck,
James A. Clay, Alvin Stanford, Nathaniel Snow, Jr.,
Abel Thompson, G. M. Atwood and Moses H. Lord.
The number had increased to 65, in 1846. The
committee which drew up the constitution now gov-
erning the society, was E. F. Deane, J. P. Weston,
R. K. Littlefield, P. Sheldon, James H. Jones and
William Cooper.
280
ECCLESIASTICAL.
Rev. Messrs. N. C. Fletcher, D. J. Mandell, Oliver
Gluinby, Henry Jewell, and others, labored with
the society from time to time, hut the first settled
resident pastor was Rev. James Partelow Weston,
A. M., a graduate from Bowdoin College, in the class
of 1840. He was principal of the Waterville Liberal
Institute, and came here from that position, April 16,
1843. His ministry was very successful, and at the
end of seven years, in the year 1850, he resumed
his former position, and now resides in Waterville.
He was succeeded in November, 1850, by Rev.
John Wesley Hanson, the present pastor, a native of
Boston. He was installed February 28, 1851.
The installation services were as follows : Sermon,
Rev. E. H. Chapin ; Address to the Society, Rev.
Calvin Gardner ; Charge and Delivery of Scriptures,
Rev. W. A. Drew ; Right hand of Fellowship, Rev.
W. R. French ; Prayer, Rev. B. F. Robbins.
The church was organized in August, 1844, with
the following members : James P. Weston, James
M. Merrill, Harriet Merrill, Lucy Ann Whittier,
John Woodcock, Thomas Searls, Joseph Few,
Joshua Nickerson, Joanna Dennis, Joanna G. Dennis,
Elizabeth D. Dennis, John Jewett, Harriet Jewett,
Betsey H. Franklin, Welcome Pincin, Zilphia Stu-
art, Elbridge G. Pierce, Louisa Snow, Frederic
Blood, Nancy Blood.
The Universalist church was erected in the year
1842, at an expense of $6500, and was publicly dedi-
cated Feb. 1, 1843. Introductor}^ Prayer and Remarks,
Rev. W. A. Drew ; Scripture Lesson and Dedica-
tory grayer. Rev. N. Gunnison ; Sermon, Rev. L.
L. Saddler, from Prov. ix. 1, 2 ; Concluding Prayer,
Rev. H. .Jewell. The church is a very neat speci-
men of Protestant architecture, and occupies a fine
situation. It has an excellent organ, a bell and two
clocks. Connected with the parish is a Sunday
tints Mel.
ECCLESIASTICAL.
281
school, numbering one hundred and eighty mem-
bers, owning a library of seven hundred and fifty
volumes. The parish numbers about one hundred
and twenty-five families, residing in Gardiner and
Pittston.
24*
CHAPTER IX.
MISCELLANEOUS
WEATHER, &C.
The character of some of the weather and seasons
may be learned from the following minutes, com-
piled from Dr. Parker's almanacs, Rufus Gay's dia-
ry, files of newspapers, &-c.
April 15, 1803, snow-storm three days; May 8,
1803, snow storm. Oct. 22, 1804, a splendid aurora
borealis. Dec. 24, 1805, first snow-storm ; Dec.
29, 1805, violent wind and rain. Jan. 1806, snow
nine days, and from the 25th warm and soft eight
days ; February, 1806, snowed thirteen days, end-
ing in mist and rain ; April 1, 1806, robins and blue-
birds, and sparrows came ; 2d day, snow and cold ;
20th, snow ; October, 1806, the entire month warm,
clear, beautiful ; Nov. 16, 1806, first snow-storm.
March, 1807, only two mild forenoons ; April 8,
1807, a ground-sparrow, the first spring bird ; 16th,
robins ; April 2, 1807, 20 inches snow ; 8th, geese
seen; 12th, a vessel passed; August 1, 1807, fin-
ished haying. March 25, 1808, bluebirds, sparrows,
ducks and geese appeared; April 11, 1808, snow-
storm; October 27, 1808, snow-storm. April 11,
1809, a load of hay passed the river on the ice, and
men and horses passed on the i6th. The winter of
MISCELLANEOUS.
283
1809-10 was very mild. At no time up to the first
of March more than 6 inches snow, and not more
than a foot in all. No snow from January 25th to
March 4th. May 5, 1811, a violent snow storm, —
old snow not all dissolved, — not a warm day as yet,
not a bud. Oct. 25, a snow-storm. From Dec.
24th to the 31st, a violent snow-storm — the great-
est for many years. Prices this year — flour, $11;
corn, $1,25 ; boots, $8, &c.
In 1813, the months of July and August were
almost without rain, so that crops were small, and
much distress prevailed. May 8 and 19, 1815,
severe snow-storms. Prices this year, corn, $1,75 ;
flour, $18; rye, $2,50. Janaary 17, 1816, a power-
ful rain carried away the snow, which was very
deep. June 8, 1816, a cold snow-storm, and many
birds chilled to death. July 8, quite a frost. Aug.
22, a severe frost. This year has always been re-
membered as the cold season. April 12, there was
a heavy snow which made good sleighing for sev-
eral days ; May 24, there was a rain which froze
on all the fruit trees ; June 5 and 6, cold weather,
rain and hail, ground froze, corn and potatoes killed,
and apple trees did not bloom until July 1. Corn
was hoed the first time, in the first week in July,
and after that it was cut down the second time.
Haying commenced in August, and a frost came the
last of the month. Almost nothing was raised, and
much suff'ering prevailed.
February 11, 1818, the thermometer was 32 de-
grees below zero. March 28, the only snow-storm
during the month.* In 1818, the weather from May
20 until Nov. 19, was pleasant and agreeable, with
scarcely a very hot or stormy day. In 1819, not
more than three inches of snow up to Feb. 20. In
the spring there was a great rain and freshet. Oct.
19, 1821, a severe snow-storm. Jan. 1, 1825, the
stage used runners for the first time during the win-
284
MISCELLANEOUS.
ter. May 2 and 5, snow-storms. July was the
warmest for 30 years. The papers state, (the read-
er can place a query after the item,) that apples
were found in E. Byram's orchard, with the side
nearest the sun roasted. In August two bears were
killed near the village of Pittston. Pease and straw-
berries were plenty, June 9. Jan. 16, 1826, the first
sleighing.
March 26, 1826, the greatest freshet for thirty-five
years. There was eight feet of water on the
wharves ; vessels, lumber, buildings, were swept
away ; the water was thirteen feet above high
water mark ; there was a damage of $5,000 to
this village. R. H. Gardiner, Esq. and J. P. Hunter
& Co., were the principal losers. An elm tree 5 feet
in diameter, was uprooted in James Tarbox's ship-
yard.*
Aug. 2, a great hail-storm, the drifts of which
were ten inches deep. Aug. 28, 1827, a remarkable
appearance in the heavens. Between nine and ten
in the evening a broad luminous body arose in the
north-west, and another in the south-east. A mag-
nificent effulgent arch was thus formed, which re-
mained fifteen minutes.
The winter of 1827-8 was very open. Aug. 1 1,
1828, an earthquake was felt in Gardiner, at 3 P. M.
In Jan. 1829, the thermometer stood on the 3d, at 11
degrees below zero ; 4th, 12 ; 5th, 7 ; 6th, 4 ; 30th,
18; 31st, 20 ; and it was intensely cold throughout
the winter. Jan. 8, 1830, the horse ferry-boat ceas-
ed running for the year. Dec. 11, splendid aurora
borealis. Jan. 1, 1831, two vessels went to Bath;
no ice in the river. In April 1832, the thermometer
was below zero 10 days, — some days 16 degrees. ?
* P. Sheldon.
MISCELLANEOUS.
285
One of the severest freshets ever known occurred
this spring.
May 1, 1832, a cold rain and snow. In January,
1833, the thermometer was 53 degrees below zero,
in all, and in February, 70, and March, 51, and
much snow. Feb. 1833, was the most snowy
month known for many years. Feb. 15, 23 men
and five horses were six hours in going from Hallo-
well village to the cross-roads.*
March 18, 1834, a ground-sparrow singing this
morning. Oct. 13, 1834, first snow. Jan. 25, 1837,
the most remarkable display of the northern lights on
record. A great freshet occurred Jan. 28, 1839,
carrying off the ice, several stores, and filling the
cellars on the river side, and doing other damage.
A very severe freshet in the spring of 1843, and
another Nov. 5, 1845, which filled the cellars on
Water street. March 27 and 28, 1846, there was an-
other high freshet. The water was fifteen feet above
high-water mark. It occasioned great loss on the
river.
A great freshet in May, 1850. Rain ten days.
Much property destroyed, — booms, ice-houses, rafts,
&c. — Ice-house on Kimball's wharf, with $500
worth of ice ; Steamer Huntress got across her wharf,
so that one third of her was over the wharf, and yet
she was uninjured, — - proving that she was staunch
and strong.
Winter of 1850-1 severely cold. Summer back-
ward and cold, and but few warm nights. 1852,
winter very cold ; snow very deep ; thermometer 30'^
below zero once, and below zero several degrees,
many times. Feb. 19, 1852, a splendid aurora.
Robins and bluebirds, March 16.
* G. S. Rogers' diary.
286
MISCELLANEOUS.
The progress of vegetation is here given for sev-
eral years : —
1817. 1820. 1821. 1822. 1823. 1824. 1825.
Ground Lilac appeard, Ap. 16, Ap. 14. Mar. 26, Ap. 20, Mar. 28, Ap. 3.
Anemone, " Ap. 24, " 26, " 20, " 13.
Euthromiuna Am. May 4, " 27, " i6, May 3, " 18.
A TABLE
OF THE WEATHER, &C., FOR TWELVE YEARS.
Winters, Days that Ther. Quantity River froze Days
fell below 0, of snow. at Gardiner. Sleighing.
1836- 7. 30 138 days. 91
1837- 8. 11 2ft. 6fin. 125
1838- 9. 31 5 lOi 132 51
1839- 40. 19 5 2i 103 16
1840- 1. 18 10 3A 128 76
1841- 2. 10 4 8 96 16
1842- 3. 19 12 1 3 141 114
1843- 4. 26 8 31- 129 92
1844- 5. 17 9 8^ 124 80
1845- 6. 24 5 2^ 112 109
1846- 7. 14 6 7f 138 100
1847- 8. 15 6 3 106 38
Average, 19 6 11 122 69
Mean heat for Mav, June, July and August, 1837, 55.0
above; 1838, 64.8 ; "'1839, 62.6 ; 1840, 68.8, Mean heat
for August, 1836,61.7; 1837, 63.4; 1838, 68.8; 1839,
67.9 ; 1840, 71.4. In the winter of 1839-40, only 16
days sleighing. In 1837 sleighing commenced Nov. 26 ;
1838, Nov. 20 ; 1839, Dec. 28 ; 1840, Nov. 22.
Coldest day in 1837, Jan. 26 ; thermometer, 27° below.
In 1838, Dec. 31, below. 1839, Jan. 1, 2U^ below.
184Q, Jan. 17, 23° below.
Mean heat for Dec. 1837, 21.9; 1838, 16.3; 1839,
27.9; 1840,20.8.
MISCELLANEOUS.
287
Record of the time of the opening and closing of
the river between Pittston and Gardiner.
I ears.
Opened.
Closed.
J io5
April 4,^
1 nod.
17oo
iviarcu 4,1.
i\oveiiiuei lo
1 ion
Xiplll 4
1 TQQ
1 ioy
April 4
January Oj i 4t'U
1790
April lb
November 26
1 /91
April 3
December 1 0
1 4 92
April 3
November 23
I79d
April 1
1794
April o
1796
November 28
1 i97
April 4
November 22
1 /9o
April VZ
November 23
1 TOO
1799
April lo
November 24
1 OAO
A -V^V.! 1 1 O
April 1 u
November 28
]80l
March lio
December 10
April 9
December 16
1 orvo
loO'i
March 22
December 22
1 ori/l
lo04
April 12
November 19
1 Cox
April 2
January, 1S06
J oUo
March 15
loU 4
April 7
December 18
1 OOQ
Jan 25* & Ma. 29 December 6t
1 QOO
lcU9
April 17
November 13
1 Q 1 O
April 10
December 10
1 Q 1 T
April 4
December 14
1812
April 18t
December 11
1813
April 11
December 21
1815
April 18
December 2
1816
April 20
November 28
]817
April 17
November 24^
1818
April 12
December I & 10
* From Bowman's Point to Swan Island. f Broke u^d 20th.
X Country ponds broke up. § Broke up Dec. 3, & closed 7.
1
288 MISCELLANEOUS.
Years. Opened. Closed.
1819 April 14 December 5
1820 April 15 November 16
1821 . April 11 November 30
1822 Marcb 28 December 6
1823 April 11 November 16
1824 March 28 December 8
1825 April 5 December 11
1826 March 26 December 20
1827 March 28 Nov. 10, 24 & Dec. 7
1828 March 25 December 19
1829 April 12 Nov. 27, & Dec. 3, & 17
1830 April 1 Dec. 13, 17, Jan. 1831
1831 March 30 December 2
1832 April 14 December 2
1833 April 5 December 14
1834 April 4 December 8
1835 November 23
1836 April 9 November 27
1837 April 14 November 27
1838 April 3 November 24
1839 January 28 December 18
1840 March 31 November 28
1841 April 5 December 1
1842 March 20 November 28
1843 April 19 November 30
1844 April 9 November 27
1845 March 31 December 7
1846 March 28 December 2
•1847 April 18
1848 April 1 December 21
1849 March 30 December 20
1850 April 1 J)ecember7
1851 April 7 December 2
1852 April
The foregoing list was made from three sources : a s
series of almanacs owned l)y the widow of Dr. Parker, 1
the records in which were kept by him ; a journal kept by ^
Rufus Gay, Esq. ; and a table furnished by Mr. Daniel ^
Nutting. /!
i
MISCELLANEOUS.
289
Several occarrences not previously recorded, are
here given.
July 4, 1823, a Mr. Elweil was killed by the
bursting of a cannon. July 4, 1825, Seth Fish,
Charles Peck, and several others were dangerously
wounded by the accidental explosion of a cannon.
Fish died. In 1825 great efforts were made to erect
a bridge between Gardiner and Pittston, — they fail-
ed. A fulling-mill, and grist-mill, valued at $2000,
owned by Samuel Jewett were destroyed in Pittston
by a freshet. At the same time, April 27, Mr. Wm.
Stevens was drowned. May 4, Joseph Gilpatrick,
member of Junior class, Bowdoin College, died. Mr.
R. H. Gardiner's house burned, in Pittston, Nov. 11,
1834.
1840, a severe fire in September ; a brick building
owned by Capt. N. Kimball and E. F. Deane, Esq.
and occilpied by Richardson & Co's W. I. Goods
store. Deane & Whitmore lost valuable law books
and papers. Entire loss, 7 to 8000 dollars.
Friday, Aug. 16, 1844, a great fire consumed 10
mills, several dwellinghouses, &c. Loss $50,000,
including' 1,000,000 of lumber. Benjamin Elwell,
Jr., ^t. 14, carried around a drum at New Mills and
killed, January 20, 1845. — — Lord, aged 80—90,
burned to death, 15 February, 1847. Attempt at
highway robbery, on Brunswick road, December 9,
1847, on the person of John Rollins, Clerk for G.
M. Atwood. Vessels built in Gardiner and Pittston
in 1847 : 3 ships ; 1 bark ; 5 brigs ; 4 schooners.
Lumber manufactured in Gardiner in 1847, 20,000
m. long L, 16,300 m. shingles, 1900 m. clapboards,
4,000 m. laths and 50 m. plank. Yiolent dysentery,
very mortal to children, prevailed in the summer of
1848. July 5, 1849, a destructive fire at New Mills.
April 6, 1 850, a fire broke out in Messrs Mitchell
and Lawton's shop, near the Cabbassa bridge.
It burnt entirely or partially, several buildings, and
25
290
MISCELLANEOUS.
produced losses as follows : R. H. Gardiner, $200,
ins. ; John L. Foy, $560, ins. ; John Upham, $125,
no ins. ; Woodward Thompson, $50, no ins. ; H.
W. Lawton, $1225, no ins. ; John C. Merrow^, $150,
no ins. ,• John Roberts, $100, no ins. ; J. L. Mitchell
$1785, ins. 500; G. S. Palmer, $837, no ins.
Total about, $5000. The work of an incendiary.
TABLE OF POPULATION OF SEVERAL OF THE PRINCIPAL
PLACES IN MAINE.
Portland, 1786 7169 8581 12,601 15,637 15,218 20,819
Bangor, 1791 850 1221 2868 8554 8634 14,432
Thom'st'n,1777 2100 2651 4221 5272 6227 *9195
Augusta, 1797 1805 2457 3980 5384 5314 8154
Bath, 1781 2491 3026 3773 4523 5143 t8580
Gardiner, 1803 1029 2053 3709 4470 5044 |6486
Hallowell, 1771 2068 2919 3964 4494 4668 §4800
Brunswick, 1738 2682 2954 3547 4136 4259 4976
Belfast, 1773 1274 2026 3077 3911 4194 5052
Total, 21,468 27,888 41,740 56,381 59,001 82,494
GROWTH OF OLD PITTSTON.
In the foregoing list, Gardiner does not occupy its
proper position. Pittston is identical with Gardiner,
practically, and if we reckon it as Augusta reckons,
namely, both sides of the river, we find a population
of 9,309, making the largest place on the Kennebec,
This is seen in the following table.
* The original territory, now Tliomaston, South do., aiid Rock-
land, t Including West Bath. J Including West Gardiner,
§ About, on original territory.
MISCELLANEOUS.
291
1796 1800 1810 1820 1837 1840 1850
605 1408*
1018 1337 2121 2460 2S23
1029 2053 4470 15044 5226
1260
Gardiner,
W. Gardiner.
605 1408 2047 3390 6591 7504 9309
The polls and valuation are
Names of some of the persons who have died in
Gardiner and Pittston, aged 60 years and " upwards,
not recorded in previous pages. Obtained from
family Bibles, gravestones, Eastern Chronicle, Chris-
tian Intelligencer, American Standard, Gardiner
Spectator, Ledger, Fountain, Sling, Transcript and
Dispatch.
Elizabeth Blood, 77, Aug., 1848 : Russel Braley,
60, March 22, 1845 ; John Blake, 90, January 20,
1848; Joseph Blodgett, 91, (P.) July, 1848 ; Nath-
aniel Bryant, 74, Oct. 10, 1850; Lydia Blanchard,
78, Sept. 14, 1850; Joseph Bowman, 66, July 10,
1830; Betsey Blake, 71, May 30, 1848; Joanna
Bradstreet, 73, July 13, 1817; Frances Bowman,
65, (?) March 11, 1824; Nathaniel Bryant, 74, Oct.
10, 1850; Leonard Blanchard, (P.) May 1, 1851 ;
Hannah Ballard, 66, Oct, 1842.
Betsey Co wen, 72, Nov. 27, 1848; Joseph Col-
* About 500 in Gardiner.
t Census taken in ISlo by A. S. Chadwick, by order of the
Town, 6527.
Gardiner,
West Gardiner,
Pittston,
val. $1,385,298
223,610
593,319
polls, 857
254
546
$2,202,227
1657
292
MISCELLANEOUS.
liris, 89, Dec. 6, 1848 ; John Colburn, 67, (P.) April
J 5, 1850; Margaret Chapman, 76, August, 1844;
Sally L. Cooper, 69, (P.) May 4, 1848; Elizabeth
Clark, 74, (P.) Feb. 26, 1825 ; Isaac Clark, 76, (P.)
July, 1825; Abigail Colcord, 88, August 1825;
Rachel Colcord, 71, August, 1825; Samuel Clark,
(P.) 72, May 27, 1851; James N. Cooper, (P.) 63,
July 17, 1849; Gershom Cox, (P.) 83, April 12, 1849;
Thomas Coss, 76, ( P.) March, 1843 ; Wm. Craw-
ford, S3, Oct. 1841 ; Hannah Chase, 80, Sept. 28,
1851 ; Henry Crawford, 86, Dec. 28, 1851 ; Nancy
Clark, 76, Dec. 12, 1851.
Sarah Day, 81, Aug. 13, 1847; Dolly Damon, 78,
Dec. 15, 1850; Amelia P. Dugann, 79, Feb. 1849;
John Dockendorf, (P.) 79, April 30, 1841 ; Nancy
Dockendoxf, (P.) 53, June 17, 1829.
Sarah Eastman, 85, Dec. 1850; Mary Eldred, 64,
(P.) Oct. 6, 1837 ; Micah Eldred, 70, (P.) Aug. 17,
1847.
Lucy Fuller, 83, May 4, 1846; S. Ferguson, 80,
January 27, 1850; Francis Flitner, 76, (P.) April 3,
1850; Lucy Francis, 80, Dec. 29, 1831.
Seth Getchell, 91, (P.) Aug. 1844; Abigail Grif-
fin, (P.) July 25, 1846; Moses Goodwin, 76, (P.)
Dec. 27, 1840.
John Hutchinson, 61, (P.) Jan. 5, 1846 ; Mary
Hunt, 101 years 7 months, (P) March, 1847; Jane
Hill, 64, Nov. 21, 1847; John Hazeltine, 70, Sept.
3, 1848; Andrew Hutchins, 64, February 9, 1851;
Sarah Ham, 81, Jan. 20, 1851 ; Dr. Silas Holman,
M.D.* 61, Sept. 17, 1850; Joseph Haskell, 62, Dec.
4, 1849; Wm. Haskell, 79, August 9, 1830; Jane
Hanscom, 79, Sept. 5, 1838 ; Harlow Harden, 68,
* Graduated at Harvard, practised here 30 years.
MISCELLANEOUS.
293
Oct. 19, 1843; Elizabeth Houghton, 83, March 22,
1851 ; Esther Hildreth, 71, Feb. 1841 ; Sarah Hard-
ing, 80, Nov-. 29, 1851.
Wm. James, 70, July, 1845; Enoch Jewett, 69,
(P.) Feb. 22, 1846; Christopher Jackings, 78, Feb.
9, 1826, (P.); Mehitable Jones, 79, April 29,
1843; Hannah Jones, (P.) 62, Nov. 12, 1849; Sam-
uel Jones, (P.) 69, Oct. 22, 1849 ; Jesse Jewett,
Aug. 22, 1842, (P.) 73*; Benj. Jackson, 70, (P.)
June 14, 1842 ; Christopher Jackings, 76, (P.) Nov.
1843 ; Andrew Johnson, 75, Aug. 1843.
Charles Kinsman, 66, (P.) April 16, 1847; Lydia
Keith, 87, (P.) Dec. 1, 1848.
Deborah Leighton, 85, Sept. 29, 1844; Samuel
Little, 79, (P.) Dec. 21, 1848 ; Reuben Libbey, 60
March 13, 1825.
Lydia Meroe, 87, April 29, 1848 ; John Merrill,
74, May, 1849; Mary McCausland, 88, Dec. 8,
1848 ; Nathaniel Marston, 72, Jan. 18, 1848 ; James
Marston, 74, Dec. 23, 1850 ; Abigail Mussey, 67,
Aug. 8. 1825; Joseph Mathews, 84, Aug. 26, 1850;
Anna McLellan, 61, Sept. 22, 1850; Widow Mar-
son, (P.) 93, May 16, 1832; Daniel Merrill, 71,
Sept. 7, 1851.
Zebulon Newell, 74, Dec. 1825 ; John Nichols,
78, Oct. 30, 1824; John Nickels, (P.) 92, July 20,
1849.
John Oliver, 82, Oct. 1848; Samuel Oakman,
Dec. 18, 1822.
Ebenezer Pierce, 75, December 5, 1851 ; Edward
Philips, 64, Dec. 12, 1851; Mary Potter, 71, June
1842; Sarah Peacock, 61, Dec. 3, 1846, Nancy
Pray, ' 71, April 6, 1849; Mary Palmer, 60, Nov.,
* Died at Windsor, was deputy sheriff, lived at Bowman's Point.
294
MISCELLANEOUS.
1848; Mary Parker, 88, Jan. 7, 1817; Catharine
Porter, 74, (P.) March 10, 1831 ; Dr. James Parker
69, Nov. 9, 1837 ; his widow, Dorcas, (Marble,) yet
living ; b. June 2, 1773 ; m. March 25, 1798 ; Eben-
ezer Preble, 75, Dec. 5, 1851.
Joseph Roberts, 69, April 15, 1846; Priscilla
Roberts, 69, Aug. 2, 1848; Eunice Robinson, 71,
Nov. 9, 1848 ; James Rollins, December 6, 1830,
aged 60.
Rebecca Smith, 67, Nov. 18, 1850; Chapin Samp-
son, 86, Dec. 30, 1850; Isaac Sawyer, 85, May 11,
1847; Hannah Sumner, 75, April 24, 1828 ; Miriam
Shepherd, 91, June 10, 1825; Sarah Sampson, 83,
(W. G.) June, 1851 ; Esther Savels, 77, May 28,
1851; Susan Springer, 73, October 3, 1842; John
Stevens, 69, (P.) Dec. 1842 ; Asa Stevens, 65, Feb.
1841.
Elihu Thorp, 75, April 7, 1850; Betsey Thurs-
ton, 74, July 24, 1844 ; Lucy Troop, 97, (P.) April,
1847; Royal Tarbox, 70, Sept. 5, 1848 ; Michael
Tappan, Aug. Ir31; Mary Tilton, 73, Nov. 6,
1847.
Jane Wells, 75, July 12, 1848; Margaret Warren,
75, April, 1845; Lucy Woodward. 69, Feb. 15,
J 843; Wm. Whitmore, 82, May 27, 1850; Lydia
White, (P.) 77, Dec. 20, 1841 ; Daniel Woodward,
68, April, 1843; Lois Williams, 89, Dec. 11, 1841.
Mrs. Whipple, 79, March 13, 1829.
NEWSPAPERS, &C.
The first periodical established iu Gardiner was
the Eastern Chronicle^ originated in Oct. 1824, by
Hon. Parker Sheldon, editor and proprietor. Two
volumes appeared, and it was joined to the Christian
Intelligencer, an Universalian print, Jan. 25, 1827 ;
Rev. Wm. A. Drew, Editor. The Intelligencer had
MISCELLANEOUS.
295
been published six years at Portland, and ceased to
exist in 1834, after a life of ten years.*
The American Standard was made out of the
Intelligencer, and was published by Mr. Sheldon
about one year, in 1832.t
The Yankee Blade, which commenced in Water-
ville, began in the fall of 1842, and was pub-
lished in Gardiner a little more than two years,
Avhen it was removed to Boston.f
The Gardiner Spectator was commenced in Dec.
1839, by Alonzo Bartlett, and in July 1840, G. S.
Palmer became publisher. Nov. 26, 1841, William
Palmer published it, and continued it until Sept. 24,
1842, when it ceased, <§> and
The Gardiner Ledger arose from its ashes, Nov,
11, 1842, and continued about thirteen months.1I
The Cold Water Fouiitain was established June
23, 1844, by G. M. Atwood. It is now in existence,
and enjoys much patronage from the friends of
Temperance in different parts of the State. Differ-
ent hands have been employed upon it. Its publishers
have been G. M. Atwood, H. W. Jewell & Co.,
Weston & Morrell, and Morrell & Heath. Editors,
Rev. J. P. Weston, Rev. J. W. Lawton, G. M. At-
wood, S. B. Weston, Rev. Freeman Yates, G. H,
Shirley, and A. M. C. Heath.**
David^s Sling hurled some pebbles, commencing
Feb. 1, 1845, and ending Jan. 6, 1846, in all 39
issues. James A. Clay and Isaac Rowell, editors
and proprietors.!!
The Star in the East shone once in the winter
of 1845. Printed by H. W. JewelLft
The New England Fai^mers^ and Mechanics'^
* Hon. P. Sheldon. f Ibid. + R. B. Caldwell.
\ William Palmer. % Ibid.
** G. M. Atwood. A. M. C. Heath. ff Jas. A. Clay.
XX A. M. C. Heath.
296
MISCELLANEOUS.
Journal, a monthly magazine, was published one
year in 1827, by Hon. Parker Sheldon. Dr. Ezekiel
Holmes, Editor.*"
The Busy Body was a semi-monthly, commenc-
ed in April 1846, by T. H. Hoskins. Three num-
bers appeared. f
The Gardiner Advertiser, was commenced Feb.
9, 1850, by Richard B. Caldwell. On the appear-
ance of the second number, the name was changed
to the Kennebec Transcript, and it was published as
a semi-weekly until July, six months. Since then
it has been hebdomadal. Edited by S. L. Plumer,
Esq. until May, 1851.^
The Dispatch was published six times in the
fall of 1848, by James Burns, Esq., who was also
editor. H. W. Jewell & Co., printers.**
The Incorridgihle was commenced in July, and
appeared four times. It was printed by Jewell &
Heath, and edited by W. E. S. Whitman.!!
The Liberty Standard, published at Hallo well,
was printed at the office of the Yankee Blade, two
years.
Out of the fourteen included in the foregoing list,
but two remain, the Transcript and the Fountain.
The rest, after a brief existence, died ; or, in the
case of the Blade, experienced translation. Mequies-
cat in pace !
BOOKS.
Several books have been published here, some of
which were quite valuable. Mr. Sheldon, the veter-
an printer and publisher, commenced the enterprise.
The following is among them. " Introduction to
the mechanical principles of Carpentry. In two
* Hon. P. Sheldon, f A. M. C. Heath. + R. B. Caldwell.
** James Burns, Esq. ft W. E. S. Whitman.
XX R. B. Caldwell.
MISCELLANEOUS.
297
parts ; Part I. strength and stiffness of timber. Part
II. statics applied to constructions of timber. By-
Benjamin Hale, Principal of Gardiner Lyceum, 1827,
pp. 182, 8 vo."
In 1818 Moses Springer, Jr. commenced compil-
ing the Maine Farmers' Almanac. It was published
at Hallowell by Ezekiel Goodale. In 1S22 it pass-
ed into the editorial hands of Daniel Robinson,
of West Gardiner, who has continued to edit it
to the present time. Mr. Robinson is a man of
great scientific attainments, and his work has a very
large circulation. Messrs. Springer and Robinson
always made their own calculations. Other works
are mentioned in other connections.
SCHOOLS.
The first school Teacher was Master Everson,
who has been mentioned among our early settlers.
He taught formerly in Boston, but his methods did not
quite keep pace with the times, and he removed
to Gardinerston. He taught here from house to
house, wherever he could find employment.
The troubles of the Revolution seem to have
prevented the people from paying much attention to
the important subject of Education, until after the
town had existed nearly a score of years. In 1783
it was voted " not to pay any schooling but in
1785 the Selectmen were " appointed as a Commity
to hire a school master and Fix the Wards ; who
is to teach School ; and Reed a Sermon over every
Sunday." In the year 1787 it was voted "That
Thirty Pounds be raised for Schooling, to be paid
in Lumber or ane3^thing that the Schoolmaster will
Receive." At this time there were four districts.
The* first school-house was a wooden edifice of
* Gen. H. A, S. Dearborn's MS.
298
MISCELLANEOUS.
one room, rudely constructed, not being lathed and
plastered, but rough, inside and out." It was situ-
ated above the first grist-mill, near the house where
the miller lived. Previous to the erection of this
house a man named Hoogs kept a school in the
south-east lower room of Mr. Gardiner's house.
Here," writes Gen. Dearborn, I was an A B C
darian."
May 16, 1791, it was ^' voted to Raise £80 for
Schooling, to hire a person to keep school and
preach nine months."
In 1792, voted that the Eastern River District,
may lay out their proportion of the £20 raised for
preaching in schooling." It is difficult to say
whether the Eastern River district loved Schooling
more, or preaching less, for we find that their por-
tion of the money raised for preaching was placed
at their disposal for several years at this period,
implying that they preferred not to devote it to the
support of the minister.
In 1825 there were 11 districts, and ISf months
of schools taught by males, and 27$ months taught
by females, in Pittston, and 12 districts, and 41^
months of schools taught by males, and 34J months
taught by females, in Gardiner. Since that date,
these schools have been steadily improving, until
they have reached their present position.
CONDITION OF SCHOOLS IN 1850.
Gardiner : 9 districts and 2 parts ; 1 1 male teach-
ers, 71 female; male rec'd $26,93 per month, female
$2,14 per week ; 14 school-houses ; schools average
29.6; scholars, 2076; average attendance, 831;
money raised $3,085,99 ; excess, $994,79 ; amount
for each scholar, $1,49 ; Private schools, $300.
Pittston : 19 districts ; 15 male teachers, 24
female; male rec. $18,92 per month, female $1,44
3I1SCELLANE0US.
299
per week; 19 school-houses; schools average 18;
scholars, 1219 ; average attendance, 603 ; money
raised, $1,200; excess, $70,80; amount for each
scholar, 98 cts. ; Private schools, $75,00.
West Gardiner : 9 districts ; 9 male teachers, 9
female; male rec. $20,05 per month, female $1,57
per week ; 9 school-houses ; schools average 22.7 ;
scholars, 615; average attendance, 264; money
raised, $914,18; excess, $410.18; amount for each
scholar, $1,49.
This includes the Lyceum now transformed into an
excellent High School, and the Academy in East
Pittston.
East Pittston A( ademy, was incorporated in June
1850, with a neat building, 32 by 42 feet, costing
$1200. The subscribers were Job Mansir, Lorenzo
S. Clark, Wm. Troop, Augustus L. Call, Eli A.
Young, Geo. W. Mansir, Jr., Harrison Small, Henry
Benner, Smith Moody, Amos Merrill, Wm. Hunt-
ington, James Hunt, Samuel G. Bailey, Winslow
Hunt, David S. Rairdan, Ezra Bailey, Wesley
Young, William Young, Paschal P. Morrill, John
Marson, John Boynton, Charles Cuningham, Daniel
Little, Wesley Benner, Joel Pulcifer, Mark Trafton,
Washington Houdlett, Henry Dearborn, Albert N.
Clark, Henry Nash, George W. Mansir.
The subscribers were organized by choosing Dr.
H. Small, President, Albert N. Clark, Secretary, G.
W. Mansir, Treasurer, and Henry Dearborn, David
S. Rairdan, James Hunt, Job Mansir and Wesley
Young, Directors. The school commenced Sept.
23, 1850, G. F. Jackson, A. M., teacher.
MILITARY.
The people were very zealous in the Revolution,
and the war of 1812, and have always furnished a
goodly proportion of the military of the State.
300
MISCELLANEOUS.
The first military company in Pittston was form-
ed about the time of peace, and was commanded by
Robert Edgecomb Nason. As late as " 1796"* all of
the militia of Pittston was enrolled in one company,
commanded by the late Maj. Seth Gay. There was
a company of Cavalry raised within the limits of
the Regiment, commanded by Maj. Reuben Colburn.
Some other officers and members belonged in Pittston.
In 1803, when Pittston was divided by the incorpora-
tion of Gardiner, the militia in Gardiner formed one
company. The first Captain elected was Osgood
Johnson, who resided in the north-west part of the
town. The next year after, a division of the com-
pany was made, and a new company formed, which
was organized by the choice of the late Col. John
Stone, as Captain, Ebenezer Moore, Lieut., and Jacob
Davis, Ensign. These officers served in the com-
pany seven years, in the order in which they were
elected. During this period this was a very full and
efficient company.
" In 1809 they were called out, on application of
the civil authorty of the Commonwealth of Massa-
chusetts, in protecting the County jail and Supreme
Judicial Court at Augusta, during the imprisonment
and trial of several persons committed for the murder
of Lot Chad wick ; a rescue of said persons having
been threatened by numerous persons, then known
as " Malta Indians."
" In 1813, there was a company of Riflemen or-
ganized, the officers and members of which, resided
principally in Gardiner ; first officers, Edward Swan,
Captain, Daniel Woodward, Lieut., Wm. Norton, En-
sign. This was a well disciplined, active, and effi-
cient company for many years. In 1814, during
the war with Great Britain, this company was called
* Maj. Edward Swan.
MISCELLANEOUS.
301
into actual service to resist a threatened landing of
the British near the mouth of Sheepscot River ; and
it served about three weeks at Wiscasset and Edge-
comb, with the Regiment to which it Avas attached,
then under the command of Col. John Stone. One
fact may be mentioned in relation to the Rifle com-
pany, which shows with what promptness and alac-
rity, the militia in those days served their country.
Their commander had heard on Sunday at 2 o'clock,
that a Regimental order was to be issued calling out
the Regiment for the above purpose. He immedi-
ately applied to the Col., who confirmed the fact,
and in less than three hours from that time, the
company crossed the ferry at this place, on their
march to Wiscasset ; although the extremes of the
residence of diflerent members were, at least, seven
miles apart. There were four or five members, who
could not be assembled at so short notice, who join-
ed the company before sunrise next morning, near
Wiscasset. The entire company roll, including offi-
cers and musicians, was between fifty and sixty, and
not a single member, whose residence was within the
limits of the company, was absent from sickness or
any other cause, on the arrival of the company at
Wiscasset, Monday morning."
Some of the commissioned officers who have
resided in Pittston and Gardiner are here given.
Arthur Plumer, Brigadier General, August 20,
1829. Henry B. Hoskins, Aid-de-camp, August 25,
1829. Ebenezer F. Deane, Brigade Quarter-master,
Aug. 9, 1840. Robert H. Gardiner, Jr., Brigade
Major, July 31, 1833. George W. Bachelder, Brig-
adier General, July 30, 1838. David C. B. Bow-
man, Aid-de-camp, August 10, 1838. Solon S.
Simons, Brigadier General, Jan. 1, 1841. David P.
Bodfish, Aid-de-camp, Jan. 13, 1841. Amos C.
26
1
302 MISCELLANEOUS. j
Stuart, Brigade (Quarter-master, February 17, 1841. i
Geo. W. Bachelder, Maj. General, October 8, 1840. \
David C. B. Bowman, Aid-de-camp, Oct. 10, 1840. i
Cyrus K. Bodfish, Division (Quarter-master, July 2, j
1842. Bernard Esmond, Aid-de-camp,* April 17, i
1843. Caleb Stevens, Brig. Gen., June 13, 1843. !
Henry Smith, Aid-de-camp, June 29, 1843. Lo- ,
renzo Clay, Aid-de-camp, Aug. ^8, 1849. |
Caleb Stevens, Colonel, Aug. 27, 1838. Dennis \
Marr, Major, Aug. 7, 1841. Dean Pray, Pay-master, ;
Aug. 20, 1842. Gideon S. Palmer, Surgeon ; David ;
H. Goodno, Surgeon's mate, April 8, 1843. Cyrus i
K. Bodfish, Col., July 22, 1843. Dean Pray, Adj. ;
Samuel E. Marshall, Pay-master, July 28, 1843.
James P. Weston, Chaplain, Aug. 9, 1843. Lorenzo
Parsons, (Quarter-master, Aug. 11, 1843. i
Artillery. — Warren Williamson, Capt. ; Moses j
S. Wadsworth, 1st Lieut.; Robert P. Stinson, 2d |
Lieut. ; James D. Moore, 3d Lieut., June 23, 1849. |
Geo. M. Atwood, 2d Lieut., Aug. 9, 1849. Charles ;
H. Davis, 2d Lieut. ; Moses S. Wadsworth, Capt., :
Dec. 28, 1850. Geo. M. Atwood, 1st Lieut., Aug. i
9, 1849; and Div. a. M. (Maj.) Feb. 1852. !
PITTSTON. ;
G. Company, — Benjamin Hatch, Capt. ; James |
Norris, Jr., Lieut., Sept. 26, 1829. Jacob Marson, \
June 25, 1831, Ensign. James Norris, Jr., Capt. ; I
Jacob Marson, Lieut. ; Horace Colburn, Ensign, July |
13, 1831. Jacob Marson, Capt. ; John Emery, i
Lieut., June 21, 1834. Charles Moody, Capt. ; Ben- ;
jamin Marson, Lieut., June 30, 1836. Robert Mc-
Knight, Capt. ; Erastus Jones, Lieut. ; Milton M. :
Stone, Ensign, Sept. 2, 1837. \
Company disbanded, Feb. 25, 1843. !
MISCELLANEOUS.
303
H. Company. — James Rollins, Jr., Capt. ; John A.
Colburn, Lieut. ; John Smith, Ensign, July 26, 1830.
Charles Cooper, Capt. Aug. 4, 1832. Caleb Stevens,
Lieut., Sept. 15, 1832. Caleb Stevens, Capt.; John
Smith, Lieut. ; Benjamin S. Jones, Ensign, Sept. 17,
1834. Benjamin S. Jones, Lieut. ; Daniel S. Phim-
er, Ensign, July 2, 1836. Daniel S. Plumer, Capt. ;
James Marson, Ensign, Sept. 7, 1836. James Mar-
son, Capt.; Paul S. Rollins, Lieut.; Joseph C. Bai-
ley, Ensign, Aug. 28, 1837. Hiram Covil, Capt. ;
Sept. 1, 1842.
GARDINER.
E. Company. — John Libbey, Capt. ; John L.
Foye, Lieut., Sept. 15, 1829. John L. Foye, Capt. ;
Stephen Webber, Lieut. ; Robert Williamson, En-
sign, August 25, 1832. Stephen Webber, Capt. ;
Thaddeus Hildreth, Ensign, May 6, 1834. Robert
Williamson, Capt. ; Thaddeus Hildreth, Lieut., June
30, 1836. Charles E. Allen, Ensign, May 2, 1837.
Thaddeus Hildreth, Capt. ; Isaac W. Woodward,
Lieut. April 28, 1838. Dennis Marr, Ensign, Sept.
11, 1839. Harlow Harden, Jr., Capt., May 5, 1840.
Dennis Marr, Lieut. ; Hiram Benner, Ensign, Aug.
15, 1840. Hiram Benner, Lieut.; James M. Wil-
liams, Ensign, Sept. 6, 1841.
F. Company. — Daniel Marston, Capt., July 8,
1826. Asa Copp, Lieut., June 25, 1831. George
Nash, Ensign, Aug. 6, 1832. George Nash, Capt. ;
Thaddeus Spear, Lieut. ; Greenlief Robinson, En-
sign, September 20, 1832. Thaddeus Spear, Capt. ;
Greenlif Robinson, Lieut. ; Samuel E. Bran, En-
sign, May 28, 1836. Greenlief Robinson, Capt. ;
Samuel E. Bran, Lieut. ; John Bran, Jr., Ensign,
May 1, 1838. Samuel E. Bran, Capt.; Harvey
Blaisdell, Lieut., June 22, 1839. Richard B. Getch-
ell, Aug. 30, 1839.
304
MISCELLANEOUS.
Nathaniel H. Marston, Gardiner, Lieut. Cavalry, |
Sept. 2, 1828. Yan Rensalaer Lovejoy, Gardiner,
Lieut. Cavalry, Aug. 24, 1839.
A. Riflemen, Gardiner. — Ivory Nudd, Capt., I
June 14, 1831 ; Lieut., Sept. 14, 1830. Loring L. |
Macomber, Lieutenant ; Thomas Gilpatrick, Ensign, ;
June 14, 1831. Laban L. Macomber, Capt. ; Thos. \
Gilpatrick, Lieut., September 21, 1833. Charles F. \
Gardiner, Ensign, Sept. 21, 1833; Captain, Aug. i
22, 1835. Elbridge G. Hooker, Ensign, Aug. 22, i
1835; Lieut. Sept. 12, 1835. Ezekiel W. Barker, \
Ensign, September 12, 1835. Elbridge G. Hooker, ;
Capt. ; Ezekiel W. Barker, Lieut. ; Daniel Bryant, \
Jr., Ensign, June 30, 1836. i
Disbanded, June 30, 1842. I
C. Light Infantry, Gardiner. — Geo. W. Bach- |
elder, Capt. ; Philip C. Holmes, Lieut. ; Nathaniel :
Webber, Ensign, Aug. 16, 1832. Nathaniel Web- '
ber, Lieut. ; Philip C. Holmes, Capt. ; Samuel |
Crowell, Ensign, Nov. 22, 1834. Joseph Perry, \
Ensign, June 30, 1836. Joseph Perry, Capt. ; John ;
Berry, Jr., Lieut. ; David Smith, Ensign, April 14,
1838. John Berry, Jr., Captain ; David Smith, i
Lieut. ; Arthur Berry, 2d Ensign, May 3, 1842.
John O. Craig, CoL, May 6, 1828. Jesse D. ;
Robinson, duarter-master, July 14, 1828. John D. j
Gardiner, Adj., Aug. 28, 1832. William R. Babson, ^
Pay-master, Sept. 16, 1836. David P. Bodfish, I
Pay-master, March 23, 1840. Y. R. Lovejoy, Col. i
Feb. 27, 1841. Geo. Shaw, Lieut. Col, Aug. 28, \
1830 ; Col., July 2, 183 J. David H. Myrick, Adj., \
August 3, 1831. John Libbey, Maj., August 7, i
1832. Samuel Plaisted, Surgeon's Mate, July 31, i
1827. Benj. Hatch, Col. ; John Libbey, Lieut. CoL, j
Sept. 1, J832. Geo. W. Bachelder, Major, Aug. 15, i
MISCELLANEOUS.
305
IS34; Lieut. Col., August 22, 1835. Isaac N.
Tucker, Maj., Aug. 22, 1835. Geo. W. Bachelder,
Col., Aug. 13, 1836. James H. Marston, Pay-master,
Sept. 3, 1836. William Tarbox, Adj., March 23,
1837. Caleb Stevens, Maj., Aug. 13, 1836; CoL,
Aug. 27, 1838. George Swan, Pay-master, March
13, 1839. Sanford K. Ballard, Pay-master; Gideon
S. Palmer, Surgeon's Mate, Aug. 25, 1840. Ste-
phen Whitmore, Surgeon, Aug. 4, 1841. Henry
Smith, Adjutant, August 19, 1842.
Arthur Plumer, Lieut. Colonel May 25, 1820.
Charles H. Dustin, Adjutant, Aug. 21, 1821. Silas
Holman, Surgeon's Mate, July 1, 1823.
Roswell Whitman, Captain, Rifle, George Shaw,
Ensign, May 6, 1823. Bailey Potter, Capt. ; James
Fuller, Ensign ; Ezekiel Waterhouse, Ensign, April
17, 1824. George Cox, Lieutenant, November 9,
1820. John Keith, Ensign, June 30,1821. Will-
iam Bradstreet, Ensign, June 6, 1819. Daniel
Marston, Ensign, April 12, 1823. Nicholas Booker,
Ensign, Sept. IT, 1824. Charles McCausland, Lieut.,
March 15, 1823.
Several of our citizens have been conspicuous in
the more active scenes of war. Col. F. T. Lally
and Captain Charles N. Bodfish, were in the Mexican
campaign. Col. Lally held the rank of major, and
Capt. Bodfish was captain of company K. of grena-
diers. Both belonged to the Ninth Regiment. They
landed at Vera Cruz, and joined Gen. Scott, just
after the battle of Cerro Gordo. Maj. Lally had an
independent command, and fought his way, with his
train, to the city of Mexico, receiving at one time a
bullet in the neck. Capt. Bodfish was in the battles
of Contreros, Cherubusco, Chepultepec, and Molino
del Rey. He elicited much admiration from his
26*
306
MISCELLANEOUS.
commander, by building a road in three hours and a
half, which the engineers declared could only be
done in four days.
There are three of our citizens now in the public
service, graduates at West Point. E. Parker Scam-
mon, graduated June 30, 1837 ; was promoted 2d
Lieut. 4th Artillery, July 1 , 1837. Acting Assistant
Prof. Math. Aug. 28, 1837 to Sept. 10, 1838. Act-
ing Prof. Eth. from Aug. 30, 1841, to Sept. 26,
1841, and Assist. Prof. Eth. from Sept. 26, 1841, to
July 13, 1846. 2d Lieut. Top. Eng. July 7, 1838.
A. M. First Lieut. Sept. 21, 1846. — John W. T.
Gardiner, graduated June 30, 1840. Promoted Bvt.
2d Lieut. 1st Dragoons, July 1, 1840. 2d Lieut.,
Dec. 31, 1840. 1st Lieut., April 21, 1846. — Geo.
F. Evans, graduated June 30, 1846. Promoted Bvt.
2d Lieut., Jst Dragoons, July 1, 1846. Bvt. 1st
Lieut. Feb. 23, 1847, " for gallant and meritorious
conduct in the Battle of Buena Vista, Mexico."
Second Lieut. Oct. 18, 1847.
P.OST OFFICES.
Barzillai Gannett was the first post-master. He
kept the office in a small red store where he traded.
He soon removed it to the Jewett house, at the foot
of Vine street, and when he had 'finished the house
where Frederic Allen dwells, he removed it to that
place. He was elected to Coiigress and was suc-
ceeded, June 1, 1809, by Maj. Seth Gay, who re-
moved the office to the old North house, a view of
which may be found in this volume. When Major
Gay became post-master the mail from Portland
came only once a week, and on horse-back. The
proceeds of the post office were then about $125,
per annum, of which the post-master received 30
per cent. In 1826 the net income of the Gardiner
office was $598,73, and of the Pittston office, $86,36.
MISCELLANEOUS.
307
In 1811 the first stagecoach came here from
Brunswick. April 1, 1835, Major Gay was succeed-
ed by WilUam Palmer, Esq., who remained until
Oct. 1, 1841, when Thomas Gay was appointed.
Dr. Joseph Merrill succeeded him, June 30, 1845,
and L. H. Greene was appointed in May, 1849.
On the separation of Gardiner in 1803, a Post
Office was established in Pittston. Jacob Loud was
the first post-master. He kept the office near
Smith's ferry. He died June 22, 1820, and was
succeeded by Henry Dearborn, who removed the
office to Togus Bridge. Stephen Young was ap-
pointed in 1 829, and removed the office to the vil-
lage. Alphonso H.Clark was appointed in 1841,
Hiram Clark in 1845, Samuel S. Colburn in 1849,
and Caleb Stevens in Dec. 1850. While Loud was
P. M. he used to carry the mail from Wiscasset to
Gardiner on horseback, and from Gardiner to Augus-
ta in a canoe.
" The E. Pittston post office was established about
1817. Jonathan Young was the first post-master.
For a few of the first years, the post-master's letters
and papers were about equal to all the rest of the
matter mailed to the office. In about 1828, James
Norris, Jr., was appointed. In 1831, Wm. Kendall was
appointed. In 1836, Cyrus Rundlett was appointed.
In 1846, Joel Johnson w^as appointed. He died in
about six months, and was succeeded by Eliakim
Scammon, the present incumbent. The net amount
of postage at this office in the year ending March
31, 1834, was $24,94. Year ending March 31,
1851, $61,43." — E. Scammo?i.
The first post-master in West Gardiner was Aaron
Haskell. He was succeeded in 1828-9 by Daniel
Marston. Daniel Marston was reappointed in 1844,
and John W. Herrick in 1848.
308
MISCELLANEOUS.
Some of the earliest publishments of marriage '. —
1782, John Taggart and Sarah McLellan.
1783, Benj. Handy, (Livermore,) and Lucy Tower,
(P.) Benj. Eastman and Anne Carbarker, (Pow-
nalboro'.) Thomas Berry and Polly Davis. Thos.
Agry, (P.) and Hannah Nye, (Sandwich.) Henry
McCausland and Abial Stackpole. Joshua Reed and
Polly Clark. . s
1784, Joshua Norcross, (P.) and Charlotte Smith,
(Winthrop.) Robert McCausland and Hannah Stack-
pole. Thomas Town and Margaret Higgins. Ed-
ward Tibbetts and Sarah Douglass. John Brown
and Sarah Modgrie. John French, (Winthrop,) and
Elizabeth Gipson, (P.) Thomas Berry, (P.) and
Mary Hunchcum, (Hanscom ?) of Saco. Ithiel Gor-
don and Sarah McCausland.
1785, Joel Judkins and Bial Thomas. Elijah Pol-
lard and Nancy Fitch. Philip Roach and Sarah
Wadleigh. Gardiner McCausland and Mary Doug-
lass. Henry Door and Abigail Weeks. William
Haley, (P.) and Molly Savage, (Hallowell.) Mark
Walton and Mary Clark. James Dudley, (P.) and
Sybil Cheney, (Pownalboro'.) Thomas Owen,
(Topsham,) and Hannah Norcross, (P.) Burnham
Clark, (P.) and Mary Greely, (Ballton.)
1786, Gardiner Williams and Molly Voss. Thos.
Mawgrage and Elizabeth Jackson. Comfort Car-
penter Smith, (Winthrop,) and Sally Norcross, (P.)
John Shelvock and Polly Law. William Pain and
Pamelia Parker. Jonathan Berry and Miriam Fitch.
John Clark, (P.) and Rosanna CoUester, (Ballton.)
1787, Nathaniel Barker Dingley and Susanna
Bradstreet. Samuel White, (Pownalboro,) and Han-
nah Haley, (P.) BenoniHunt, (P.) and Nancy Long-
fellow, (Ballton.) Leonard Cooper and Eliza-
MISCELLANEOUS
30^
beth Palmer. Joshua Fall and Betsey Hig-
gins. Christopher Jakins and Lydia Farrington,
(Winthrop.)
1788, Joseph Webber, (Cobbossee Pond,) and
Susanna Porter, (Sandy River.) Carpenter Winslow
and Betsey Colburn. John Barker and Lydia Clark.
Joseph Blodget and Ruth Boson. Daniel Watson
and Betsey Webber, (Cobbossee Pond.) Dominicus
Wakefield and Patty Door. Benjamin RoUins and
Sally Porter- William Wing, Jr., (Hallo well,) and
Eunice Rundlett, (P.)
1789, Levi Shepherd and Elizabeth Moore.
Isaac Hatch and Abigail Clark. Thomas Colby and
Jenny Neil. Jonathan Winslow and Hannah Tar-
box ; (m. Nov. 26, by Henry Dearborn.) Abner
Marston, Jr. and Peggy Carney, (Pownalboro'.)
1790, Dudley Hobart and Sophia Dearborn, (Ex-
eter, N. H.) John Neil and Betsey Hutchinson,
(Fairfield.) Jeremiah Wakefield and Mary Berry.
Alvin Nye and Susan Norcross. Samuel Bullen and
Sarah Fletcher, (Hallo well.) Thomas Hankerson
and Nabby Jakins.
A list of the vessels built in Gardiner and Pittston,
and at Bowman's Point, which belonged to Hallo-
well previous to 1834. The earliest records at Bath
are somewhat imperfect, and it is probable that there
maybe some deficiencies. SI. signifies sloop; S.
ship ; B. brig ; Bk. barque, and Sc. schooner.
1784
NAMES. CAPTAINS. TONS. OWNERS.
B. Dolphin, Thos. Agry, 115, T., J. & D. Agry.
B. Dolphin, " " 161, " " "
310
MISCELLANEOUS.
1785
NAMES. CAPTAINS. TONS. OWNERS.
SI. Hannah, W. R. Miller, 99, T., J. & D. Agrv &
W. P. Miller."
1788
Si. Polly, W. Springer, 100, J. & W. Springer &
S. Howard.
Sc. Phenix, J. Agry, 99, T., J. & D. Agry.
1791
B. Hannah, J. Rogers, 178, W. & J. Springer &
R. Colburn.
1792
S. Commerce, D. Agry, 242, D., J. & T. Agry.
Sc. Nancy, Peter Grant, 119, S. & P. Grant.
" Polly,' J. Drummond, 99, S. Oakman.
" Betsey, Charles Porter, 113, Reuben Moore, &c.
1797
SI. Hannah, T. Jones, 100, T. Jones & J. Davis.
" Hercules, M. Eldred, 69, J. & T. Eldred & A.
• Wing.
Sc. Ruth, T. Farnham, 101, R. Moore, S. & J.
Bradstreet, C. Jewett.
1800
Sc. Polly, M. Springer, 112, I. Wentworth, W. &
M. Springer.
S. Venus, D. G. Bond, 228, S. Oakman & D. P.
Bond.
1801
Sc. Dispatch, M. Springer, 126, P. Grant, J. Lowell &
A. Ballard.
B. Orange, C. Ballard, 161, R. Moore, J. & S.
Bradstreet.
S. Washington, J. Purrington, 169, P. Grant, N. B. Ding-
ley, &c.
B. Argo, I. Lilly, 158, C. & I. Lilly, I. Reed.
MISCELLANEOUS.
311
NAMES. CAPTAINS. TONS.
Sc. Rachel, C. Ballard, 116,
1802
B. Franklin, J. Marston, 139,
S. Alexander, J. Ring,
275,
1803
Sc. William, Charles Swift, 101,
SI. Samuel, J. Springer, 79,
1804
B. Emmeline,* G. Colcord, 202,
S. Two Broth- 217,
ers.t
OWNERS.
D. Agry & C. Ste-
vens, Jr.
S. Jewett & J. Mars-
ton.
J. O. Page, &c.
P. Grant & C. Swift.
P. Grant, A. Ballard,
J. Lowell.
J. O. Page.
S. & J. Bradstreet &
R. Purrington.
1805
B. Nancy, C. Ballard, 172,
Barque Mary, T. Jones, 190,
P. Grant.
W. Springer, FI. Cox
& L. Palmer.
B. Nancy, A. Berry, 160, P. Grant, & J. Wake-
field.
S. Oakman, W, Mc-
Lellan.
Sc. Hannah A. Hinkley, 115,
Matilda,
1806
B. Hiram, J. Church, 167,
S. Jno. Andrew, J. Moore, 225,
Eliza Ann, D. Agry,
290,
1807
B. William, E. Harding, 168,
Sc. Anchovey, J. Marston, 117,
D. Moody, H. Smith.
S. Bradstreet, heirs of
R. Moore.
D. Agry.
J. Bradstreet, M.
Lawrence, &c.
J. Marston.
* B. Follansbee, builder.
t J. Glidden, builder.
312
MISCELLANEOUS.
NAMES. CAPTAINS. TONS. OWNERS.
Sc. Olive, Charles Swift, 113, A. Ballard, P. Grant,
J. Lowell.
S. Criterion, O. Colburn, 360, J. & T. Agry, C.
Stevens, &c.
1808
Sc. Rose in R.Stevens, 121, H. Smith, Jr., S.Brad-
Bloora, street.
S. Caroline, T. Jones, 325, T. & J, Agry, &c.
B. Eliza, S. Oakman,* 127, S.Oakman, F.Flitner.
1809
Sc. Caledonia, A. Nye, 92, H.Smith,E.Robinson,
S. Cutts, W. Stevens.
" Valeria, A. Berry, 96, P. Grant, J. Lowell, &
A. Ballard.
1810
Sc. Argonaut, J. Colburn, 116, H. Smith, Jr. &c.
B. Emmeline, R. Stevens, 212, C. Stevens Jr. &c.
1811
Sc. Oscar, A. Nye, 89, S. Bradstreet.
" Olive BranchjB. Robinson, 140, R. Clay, J. Bradstreet,
&c.
" Enterprise,t W. Hanover, 1 18, R. Gay, P. & E. Lord.
" Native, T. Hinkley, 137, Hinkley, Hodgdon,
Ballard, Lowell.
B. Dispatch, T. Timmins, 223, E. Emerson.
" Harriet, W. Purrington, 218, J. Bradstreet, R. Clay,
&c.
" Chs. Fawcett,J. Colburn, 237, H. A. Bement.
1812
Sc. American J. Wolverton, 128, E. Waterhouse, R.
Hero, Stuart, M. Springer.
Builder. f G. Staples, builder.
MISCELLANEOUS.
313
NAMES. CAPTAINS. TONS. OWNERS.
Sc. Washington, J. Howes, Jr., 149, Lawrence , Lord, Brad -
street, Tarbox.
" G.Beckworth,A. Morgan, 138, J. Eawlings, M. H.
Rollins.
Sl.Ed.&Hiram, E. Raymond, 109, Lowell, Ballard, &
Hodgdon.
S. Alfred, B. Trott, 287, S. Oakman, B. Trott.
1814
Sc. Ann, H. Kimball, 40, Kimball, Stuart, .
Field, &c.
1815
" Samuel, M. Springer, 142, P. Grant, W. G. War-
ren, M. Springer.
" Gen. Jackson,J. Moor, 100, A. Berry & R. Clay.
B. Cobbossee E. Howes, Jr., 147, E. Swan, R. H. Gar-
Contee, diner, J. Stone, &c.
Sc. Trenton, G. Clark, 93, R Tallman.
B. Alexander, O. Colburn, 182, C. Stevens, Jr., &c.
S. Diana, A. Berry, ^2, P. Grant.
" Alb't GaUatin,C. Clark, 488, R. K. Page.
Sc. Sally, J. Crawford, 95, J. & T. Agry.
1816
Sc. Lydia,? B. Robinson, 135, J. & D. Reed.
" Neptune, R, Stevens, 156, W. G. Warren, P.
Grant.
" Curlew, J. Moore, 91, J. Moore & R. H.
Gardiner.
Hannah, W. Davis, 118, S. & J, Bradstreet.
]
Sc. Olive, S. Preble,
" Sanford & H. Melius,
William,
S. Decatur, W. Blish,
Sc. Sally Ann, J. Dingley,
" Rambler,? J. Blish,
27
80, S. Preble.
92, T. Agry & S. Kings-
berry.
108, A. & C. Ballard, P.
Grant.
69, Dingley & Farrell.
108, J. Blish & J. Agry.
314
MISCELLANEOUS.
NAMES. CAPTAINS. TONS. OWNERS.
Sc. Retrieve, T. Hinkley, 102, Lowell, Hinkley, Cox,
& Clay.
SI. Mentor, O. Col burn, 68, S. Bradstreet & J.
Tarbox.
1818
Sc. Two Broth. W. Crawford, 83, W. B. Grant & VV.
ers, Bradstreet.
" Wm. Barker,!. Town, 91, W. Bradstreet & S.
Grant.
B. Belvidere, S. J. Browne, 196, D. Jewett, &c.
Sc. Telegraph, S. Loud, 87, W. G. Warren & B.
Follansbe.*
Lucy Ann, I. Pillsbury, 63, N. Bachelder.
Sc. Arringdon, E.Perry, 110, Lowell,Clay & Perry.
" Elizabeth, C. Ballard, 84, Peter Grant.
" Ranger,? .T. Agry, Jr. 123, J. & T. Agry.
1819
Sc. Catharine, W. Colburn,
" Amanda J. Jackson,
Malvina,
" Cygnet, N. Kimball,
SI. Messenger, O. Colburn,
Sc. Columbus, S. Perry,
B. Orion, C. Ballard,
84, J. Colburn, & C. Ste-
vens.
74, Bradstreet, Lilly,
Smith, &;c.
136, N. Kimball, T.
Agry, &c.
83, J. Lord, Bradstreet,
& Grant.
119, Clay, Lowell &
ilodgdon.
125, W. & J. Bradstreet,
& W. B. Grant.
1820
B. William, S. Twycross, 110, S. Twycross & Co.
" Alexander, S. Swanton, 228, S. Swanton & Co.
Sc. Laurel. S. Perry, 86, J. Lowell, R., D. &
S. Clay.
" William, T. Eldred, 111, L. F. & T. Eldred.
* Bujldpr.
MISCELLANEOUS.
315
NAMES. CAPTAINS. TONS. OWNERS.
Sc. Worromon- J. Blanchard, 108, E. Swan & R. H.
togus, Gardiner.
Sc. Admiral, J. Haskell, 56, W. & J. Bradstreet,
VV. B. Grant.
1821
B.Robert Reade,S. Smith, 185, Smith, Page & Co.
1822
" Washington, Chase, 191, P. & S. C. Grant.
" Lawson, S. Watts, 137, Watts, Page & Co.
Sc. Porter, R. Phinney, 113, J. Lowell & Clays.
1823
B. Jasper, S. Smith, 192, Grants & Ballard.
" Elizabeth,.? D. Reed, 169, I. Reed.
" Abby Jones, W. Crawford, 198, Brads't & Crawford,
Sc. Lively,* E. Dill, 21, E. Dill.
" Delia BelcherJ. Tarbox, 66, J.,E.& S. B. Tarbox.
B. John Odlin, J. Kean, 175, C. Stevens, &c,
" Laurel, B. Weeks, 168, Clays, Lowell, Kim-
ball, &c.
" Enterprise, S. Gay, Jr., 128, Gays, Stuart, Clay
& Milliken.
1824
B. Arcturus, J. Moore, 254, Swan, Gardiner, R.
Williams.
Sc. Franklin, G. Greene, 56, D. Nutting, N. Kim-
ball & B. Cooke.
" Elmira, J. Nutter, 125, J. & S. Young, &c.
1825
Sc. Sophia Ann,0. Harward, 110, J. & Jon. Young, &
A. Marson.
B. Splendid, J. Miller, 222, J. N. & A. Cooper.
" Billow, Mark Springer, 183, S. C. & P. Grant.
* Rebuilt.
316
MISCELLANEOUS.
NAMES.
CAPTAINS.
TONS.
OWNERS.
B. Milton, S. Nickells,
Sc. Hesperus, S. Nickells,
" Octavia, B. Shepard,
" Henry, A. Nickells,
" Globe, A. Phinney,
" Mary,? A. Brown,
172, W. Bradstreet & J.
P. Hunter.
85, Gould, Bradstreet &
Haskell.
95, Watts & Gardiner.
189, Clay, Lowell &
Nickells.
96, S. B. & E. Tarbox.
65, A. Brown, E.White.
1826
B. Julia, S. J. Brown,
Sc. Forrester, W. H. Byram,
B. Alexander, A. Cooper,
" Horatio, B. Weeks,
B. Waltham, G. Webb,
" Hercules, O. Harward,
167, Kimball, Stone, (fee.
117, Lowell, Byram, &c.
128, J. N. & A. Cooper.
102, H. Getchell.
284, J. Agry & Co.
146, Richardson & Har-
ward.
1827-
Shamrock, W. Crawford,
" Meridian,
Sc. Oaklands,
" Scott,
" Ranger,
B. Adeline,
" Comet,
" Catherine,
" Carroll,
Mark Springer,
J. Tarbox,
J. Scott,
E. Fitts,
D.|Brown,
J. Staples,
227, Crawford & Brad-
street.
292, S. C. &'P. Grant,
81, E. & N. Tarbox &
P. Harding.
124, Cutts, Stuart, Scotts.
117, Colson & Perkins.
177, Messrs. Cooper.
139, J. P. Plunter, J. & J.
Lowell, Jr.
1828
S. Flitner,
S. C. Cox,
Sc. Argo, J. Webb, Jr.,
B. Grand Turk, A. Cooper,
S. Lotus, S. Watts,
Sc. Deborah, J, Jewett,
199, P. & P. Grant, Jr.
227, Cox, Swan, Gardi-
ner, &c.
114, S.Young, J. Webb,Jr.
298, J. N. & A. Cooper.
293, Watts & Page.
89, J. Jewett & R.Stuart.
MISCELLANEOUS.
317
1829
NAMES. CAPTAINS. TONS. OWNERS.
B. Alcyone, F. Bears, 197, Lowell & Byrams. .
S. Gardiner, S. Nichols, 346, Bradstreet & Gould.
B. Corinthian, O. Colburn, 250, N. Kimball, J. Stone,
W. Stevens,
1830
Sc. Harriet F., L. Low,
" Maria Jane, S. Alley,
97, J. Otis ^ Co.
125, Alley, Gould, ^-c.
1831
" Napoleon, A. Blanchard, 129, J. Jewett, ds J. N. &
A. Cooper.
" Magnolia, J. W. Waitt, 99, Waitt, Springer dc
Waterhouse.
Sc. Arab, J. Haskell, 99, W. Br^street.
" Bonny Boat, J. Tarbox, 99, B. Shaw.
" Experiment, D. Brookings, 23, Shaw, Bowman ds
Nutting.
S. Constellation, T. B. Sampson, 276, S.C.,P.,&P.Grant,Jr.
1832
B. Panope, S. Gay, Jr.,
Sc. Savannah, W
" Lafayette, J.
B. Mary Averill,J.
Sc. Louisa, S.
" Girard, J.
" Hiram, D?
" Signet, T.
Steam. Ticonic, E.
S. Congress, J.
B. Rob. Adams, W
. B. Gurney,
Flitner, Jr.,
Y. Bailey,
Merrill,
Jewett,
Scott,
Simmons,
K. Bryant,
Holmes,
. H. Byram,
142, Gay, Stuart, Clay &
Milliken.
130, Frost & Currier,
139, J. N. & A. Cooper.
146, Hunter, Stone, ^c.
120, D. Gould & Co.
130, Wm. Cooper & Co.
113, Scotts &; Stevens.
98, N. Kimball (feDeane.
100, Steamboat Co.
401, Coopers & Holmes.
200, Byrams & Lowell.
1833
" Euphrates, F. R. Theobald, 212, Hunter, Stones, Stu-
art & Atkins.
Sc. Adventure, C. C. Duell, 122, W. Elwell,
27*
318
MISCELLANEOUS.
NAMES. CAPTAINS,
Sc. Mexico, P. C. Virgin,
B. Citizen, J. Thing,
Sc. Erie, J. Moore,
"Olive B ranch ,C. Cooper,
B. Helen, F. Houdlette,
" Citizen, A. Nickells,
Corsair,
S. Mohawk,
" Orient,t
W. H. Byram,
R. Stevens,
N. Kimball,
Manco, W. Crawford,
Constitution, W, T. Glidden,
TONS. OWNERS.
81, Kimball & Co.
200, Clay & Thing.
64, Springers, Water-
house & Foy.
155, J. N. & A. Cooper.
138, J. Chisam.
140, Nickells, Clay &
Milliken.
161, Byrams & Lowell.
344, S. C. & P. Grant.
350, Kimball, Clay &
Stevens.
350, W.Bradstreet&, W.
Crawford.
472, Coopers Sf Glidden.
1834
Sc. E. Warren, D. Blanchard,
B. Orson, S. Nickells,
Sc. Ozello, W. Cutts,
B. Choctaw,
" Margaret,
" Castor,
" Coral,
E. Lawrence,
W. Swan,
S. C. Cox,
T. Dow,
132, Thayer 8^ Alley.
145, .1. Brad street.
104, Bradstreet, Lowell
Cutts.
245, P. Grant.
246, Swans ^Blanchard.
146, Cox, Stevens &f al.
135, Young, Jewett, 8fz.
1835
Sc. Kosciusco, J. Marson,
" Ann, N. Houdlette,
" H.A.Breed,?H. Brookings,
" Warsaw, F. Flitner,
B. Franklin, S. Brookings,
123, R. Northey Co.
129, C. Thayer Co.
131, W-L.Wheeler^-Co.
128, Flitner,Hunter cf-Co.
153, F. Stevens ^ Co.
1836
Bark Gallileo, J. Lambard, 268, W. and H. Stevens.
B. N. England, J. Crooker, 156, Crooker and Henry.
SI. Hualpa, Herrick, 31, W. Bradstreet,
* E. G. Pierce, builder.
t B. FoUansbe, builder.
MISCELLANEOUS.
319
NAMES. CAPTAINS. TONS. OWNERS.
B. Tampico, W. Cutis, 134, W. Bradstreet.
" Billow, E. Lawrence, 174, Lowell and Grants.
1837
Sc. Bunker HilI,R. Colburn, 122, Colburn, Smith,Clay
and Stevens.
SI. Boneto, W.W. Bradstreet, 10^ W. W. Bradstreet.
B. Porto Rico, Thomas Dow, 150, John Jewett.
" Christiana, S. C. Cox, 226, W. & H. Stevens.
1838
Sc. Farmer, Henry Cooper, 133, J. Y. Kendall.
" Canton,? Hinkley, 106, Hinkley.
Bk John Odlin, W. T. Hanover, 257, J. O. P. Stevens.
St'rKennebis, J. Snow, 110, W. H. Stevens.
Bark Fairfield, Herrick, 198, W. Bradstreet.
B. Grecian, C. Lemont, 232, J. N. &Wm.Cooper.
Bark Edinburg, Theobald, 283, J. P. Hunter and
Atkins.
1839
Sc. Gazelle, G. Barker, 113, Jewett, Clark, Bar-
ker, Adams, 4*c.
Bark Gleaner, H. Stevens, 289, T. N. Atkins Sr Co.
" Mary & Jane,J. Varney, 346, Coopers & Varney.
1840
Bark Callao, S. C. Cox, 350, W. & H. Stevens.
B. Haidee, J. Flitner, 156, H. Stevens & Co.
Sc. Only Son, J. T. Moore, 135, Stephen Young.
1841
S. Hargrave, James Bailey, 484, J. Bailey.
B. Sea Flower, Kinsman, 150, J. Jewott.
1842
Bark Rainbow, T. Sampson, 292, S. C. 4' P. Grant.
Sc. Colorado, Wm. Swan, 115, E. Swan ^ Son.
S. Caledonia, J. Varney, 449, J. N. Cooper.
320
MISCELLANEOUS.
NAMES. CAPTAINS. TONS. OWNERS.
S. Sabbatis, S. C. Cox, 447, VV. ^ H. Stevens.
B.Abby Amelia, Smith, 184, J. Smith.
1843
Bark Trident, J. Thing, 324, R. Clay.
St. Experiment, 64, B. Follansbee.
1844
B. Marcellus, S. Marson,
S. Meteor,
S.Ja'sN.Cooper,J. Varney,
B. Natahnis, S. N. Rollins,
142, D. W. Nutting, R.
Clay.
495, S. C. ^ P. Grant.
549, J. N. Cooper.
187, F. Stevens 4- Co.
B. Home,
Bark Lowell,
Sc. Opher,
B. Globe,
B. S. Young,
Sc. Ostaloga,
B. Caribee,
Bark Juniata,
1845
S. Marson, 139, R. Clay ^ J. T.
Smart.
J. A. Bradstreet, 348, W. Bradstreet.
M. Damon, 134, M. Damon.
208, James Smith.
199, Stephen Young.
H. Brookings, 129, F. Stevens 4* CJo.
W.Abbott, 219,
Child, 385, J. N. Cooper.
1846
" Emma,
B. Mary Ellen,
Sc. Glenroy, S. Due
D. Brown,
Nichols,
*B.E.G. Pierce,George Carr,
Bk. Nahumkeag,J. Fisher,
B. Cath. Rogers,
Bk. Ja's Smith, R. Colburn,
Sc.S. Wardwell,J. Hodgkins,
" Athos, J. Hazelton,
199,
164,
144,
149,
266,
163,
237,
134,
138,
R. Clay, D. Brown.
VV. Bradstreet.
F, Trott, W. W.
Bradstreet.
S. C. and P. Grant.
F. Stevens 4* Co.
Stephen Young.
James Smith.
John Jewett.
F. Stevens 4* Co.
* When two years old, left N. Y. for Europe, and never heard
from.
MISCELLANEOUS.
321
NAMES. CAPTAINS.
Sc. Betsey, H. Marson,
" Jno. Marshall, Collins,
" Henrietta, H. Brookings,
TONS, OWNERS.
146, S. Young.
168, J.N.& Wm.Cooper,
147, F. Stevens & Co.
1847
B. NancyPIais- G. F. Church, 149
ted,
" Torno, H. Marson,
" Sea Belle, S. Marson,
" Alb'n Cooper, Rodbird,
" Amesbury,
Bark Keoko, A. M. Jackson,
149,
125,
185,
168,
247,
198,
645,
179,
B.H.W.Moncure, Titcomb,
S. VV.A.Cooper,W. Cutts,
B. Monica, A. Burke,
S. Cybele, Ambrose Childs, 798,
Sc. E. Hinds, L. Perry, 145,
" Alvarado, A. D. Copeland, 134,
W. F. Day Sf Co.,
J. G. Plaisted.
Tupper 8f Damon. .
W. Bradstreet.
Wm. & J.N.Cooper.
W, Bradstreet.
C. 8f G. W. Stevens.
S. Young.
J. N. Cooper.
S. Young.
F. Stevens (f- Co.
do.
do.
1848
B. Crocus, Sturdivant, 222, Bradstreetcf* LowelL
B'k O. St. John,A. Berry, 2d, 236, W. Bradstreet.
B. Glencoe, J. H. Hazelton, 223, J. Hazelton.
B'k Arco Iris, O. Colburn, 253, Byram 8f Damon.
B. Vesta, Lawrence, 249, S. C. Sf P. Grant.
B. tEoIus, L. Ballard, 199, Damon 8f Tupper.
Sc. Attakapas, H. Pierce, 125, S.Young^rowni&c.
B.Rach.Stevens,B. A. Follansbee,213, F. Stevens Sf Co.
" John Alfred, J. T. Moore, 197, Stephen Young.
" Mary VVilder.M. I. Milliken, 214, William Cooper.
B'k M. Melville, W. Copland, 234, F. Stevens Co.
S. W. V. Kent, J. Varney, 677, J. N. Cooper.
1849
" Jno. Merrick, H. Stevens, 693, H. Tupper et als.
Bk.YankeeBlade,J.A.Bradstreet, 420, W. Bradstreet,
B. John Davis, 149, S. Marson.
S. Ch's Cooper,W. Cutts, 678, J. N. Cooper.
B. A.E. Maines,Edwin Jewett, 153, F. Stevens & Co.
322
MISCELLANEOUS.
1850
NAMES. CAPTAINS. ' TONS. OWNERS .
Bark Reindeer, Lawrence, 496, S. C. and P. Grant.
Sc. Kaloolah, F. Glazier, 159, W. W. Bradstreet.
S. Slate Rights, J. D. Warren, 826, F. Stevens & Co.
1851
St'r Clinton, 43, N. Kimball.
S. Hunter, Holt, 453, J. Brown.
Bark Trinity, Colburn, 349, S. C, and P. Grant.
S. J. D. Cooper,W. A. Cooper, 524, W, and C. Cooper
and brothers.
There are on the stocks, (in Gardiner) three
vessels ; a barque of 550 tons, being built for Pierce
& Bacon, Boston, by E. G. Pierce ; also, by the
same, for John Aiken, New Bedford, a beautiful pi-
lot boat, of 70 tons, on the model of the world-fam-
ous yatcht America, and named for her builder,
George Steers. Mr. Pierce has built thirteen vessels.
His son, George Pierce, built the Trinity, already
spoken of. Capt. Nathaniel Kimball is building a
fast sailing steamer, to sail on the Kennebec. It is
to be 120 feet long, by 17 wide, and 4 deep. Messrs.
Clark Benner &> Brothers are building a vessel of
300 tons, and Messrs. W. & F. Stevens another of
950 tons, in Pittston.
ASSOCIATIONS, CORPORATIONS, &C.
Hermon Lodge of Freemasons, was organized
August 14, 1820. The first officers were R. W.
Cyrus Kindrick, M. ; W. Thomas Gilpatrick, S. W.;
W. David Neal, J. W. ; John Haseltine, T. ; Daniel
Nutting, S. ; W. Partridge, S. D. ; Benj. Cook, J. D. ;
James Tarbox, S. S. ; Robert Gould, J. S. There
are now about 50 members of the Lodge.
The Mechanics' Association was constituted in
May, 184L First officers, C. A. Robbins, President ;
MISCELLANEOUS.
323
G. S. Clark, Secretary ; R. Williamson, Treasurer.
This Association is a most excellent one. It owns
a valuable library of 1000 volumes ; a cabinet of cu-
riosities, &;c. ; and has furnished the people of Gardi-
ner with a course of lectures from some of the ablest
men in America, each winter, for several years.
The Washingtonians in Gardiner organized May
6, 1841. First officers, John Robinson, President ;
John Leeman, Vice President ; Harrison Fairfield,
Secretary ; John Stone, Treasurer. Many reformed
inebriates joined them, and they experienced a varied
history, until they were re-organized, in the winter of
1850-1. Ofiicers then, Warren Williamson, Presi-
dent ; Moses Wadsworth, Secretary.
Odd Fellows' Literary Society. This was an
Association composed of many of the most promi-
nent citizens. It was originally limited to thirty
members but at length became much larger. The
exercises were of a literary and somewhat humorous
character, and though secret, were of great interest
to the members. Many reminiscences are preserved
by the former members, among whom were Hon.
Parker Sheldon, Hon. Sanford Kingsberry, Col. John
Stone, Jacob Davis, Esq. and many others. Its seal
was a circle bisected with a straight line, and enclos-
ing a triangle in such a manner as to form the word
Oddity. It was instituted in the year 1825. At
one time the Maine Branch received a present from
the Parent Society at Worcester, of a gigantic razor.
They replied by sending a jewsharp, the tongue of
which was a mill-saw. The diploma fur member-
ship reads as follows. — Maine Branch of the Fra-
ternity of Odd Fellows. To Be it
UNKNOWN to the King of the Goths and the Yandals,
the Pope of Rome, the Landgrave of Hesse, the
Emperor of all the Russias, the Dey of Algiers, the
J*resident and Fellows of the University of Gottin-
324
MISCELLANEOUS.
gen, the Grand Seignor of Constantinople, and the
Governor of Maine, and to all the Inhabitants of the
Earth, to the Perieeci, Antaci, Antipodes, Amphscii,
Ascii, Heteroscii, Periscii, Troglodites, Symesii, An-
thropophagi, dwelling, living, existing, or being on
the Continents, Islands, Isthmuses, Peninsulas, Capes,
Promontories, Mountains, Plains, Rocks, Vallies,
Glens or Caves, or navigating, sailing, floating or
moving, upon the Oceans, Seas, Lakes, Bays, Gulfs,
Straits, Channels, Harbors, Inlets, Rivers, Cataracts,
Brooks, Ponds or Puddles, whether Kings, Priests,
Nobles, Generals, Colonels, Majors, Captains, Lieu-
tenants, Ensigns, Judges, Counselors, Attorneys,
Esquires, Yeomen, Farmers, Merchants, Thieves,
Extortioners, Vagabonds, Yillains, Heretics, Spin-
sters, or by whatever term, addition, name, appella-
tion, or title, military, civil, or ecclesiastical, they
may be designated, to w^hom these Presents shall
not come ; — But Be it Known to Mercury, Venus,
Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Herschel, Ceres, Juno, Ves-
ta and Pallas, and to Arcturus, Orion, and the Pleai-
des, and to all the Constellations of Heaven, and
to all the Whales, Krakens, Mermaids, Sea-serpents,
Codfishes, and Herrings of the Ocean, and to the
Sun, Moon, and Stars: — THAT WE, reposing
special confidence in your oddities, eccentricities,
and singularities, have admitted you as a Member of
our Fraternity, and we do hereby make, constitute
you an ODD FELLOW, and confer on you all
and singular the honors, privileges and immunities
thereunto belonging : And in testimonial of these
things, we have afiixed our hands and seals to these
our letters missive this IqqDCCCXXX year of the
world, and of our oddity the first.
" Ezekiel Holmes, President.
" Henry B. Hoskins, Scribe."
MISCELLANEOUS.
325
Warren Division, Sons of Temperance, No. 3,
organized Feb., 1845. First officers, — R. M. Smi-
ley, W. P. ; J. P. Weston, W. A, ; E. A. Chadwick,
R. S. ; G. S. Palmer, F. S. 50 members.*
Kennebec Division, Sons of Temperance, No. 26,
organized March, 1846. First officers, — N. O.
Mitchell, W. P. ; G. M. Atwood, W. A. ; Geo. By-
ram, R. S. Disbanded.*
Cobbossee Division, Sons of' Temperance, No.
104. Organized March, 1848. First officers, Har-
low Harden, W. P. • F. Glazier, Jr., W. A. ; J. W.
White, R. S. Disbanded.f
Temperance Watchmen, Gardiner Club, No. 10,
organized April, 1850. First officers, — F. Yates,
S. O. ; Wm. H. Lord, J. O. About 100 members.f
Cadets of Temperance, Cobbossee Section, No.
27, organized May 1, 1850. Merrit B. Elwell, W.
A. ; Thomas Beedle, V. A. ; Henry M. Greene, S.
Disbanded. J
Willewa Temple of Honor, No. 3, organized Jan.
1847. First officers, — John Robinson, W. C. T. ;
Hiram W. Jewell, W. Y. T. ; N. R. Withee, W. R.
About 32 members.
Natahnis Lodge No. 9, Independent Order of Odd
Fellows, organized February, 1844. First Officers,
F. P. Theobald, N. G. ; Hiram Stevens, V. G. ; B.
Shaw, Jr., S. ; William Mathews, T. About 100
members.<§>
Cobbossee-contee Encampment, No. 9, I. O. O. F.,
organized October, 1846. First officers, — F. P.
Theobald, C. P; M. S. Wadsworth, H. P.; Hiram
* A.M. C. Heatli. G. M. Atwood.
t A. M. C. Heath. j Wm. H. Lord. § Dr. Theobald.
28
326
MTSCELLANEOUS.
Stevens, S. W. ; A. T. Perkins, J. W. ; Caleb Ste-
vens, S. ; H. T. Clay, T. About 20 members.
Willewa Union, No. 1 1, Daughters of Temperance^
organized September, 1847. First officers, — Sarah
Mitchell, P. S. ; Angeline Maxcy, A. S. ; Abby Par-
ker, S. Suspended.
Grand Tenjple of Honor, State of Maine, is locat-
ed in Gardiner. Instituted May 15, 1850. Officers^
A. Earle, Rockland, G. W. S. ; W. H. Lord, G. W. R.
Gardiner Bank,* incorporated January 31, 1814.
Capital, $100,000. First officers, — President, Peter
Grant. Directors, the President, and R. H. Gardi-
ner^ Joshua Lord, Simon Bradstreet and Nathan
Bridge. '
Kennebec Mutual Insurance Company,! incorpor-
ated Feb. 16, 1844. First board of Trustees, —
Richard Clay, R. H. Gardiner, Edward Swan, Ar-
thur Berry, Frederic Allen, William Stevens, 2d^
Nathaniel Stone, Philo Sanford, Franklin Glazier,
James N. Cooper, Rufus K. Page, Homes Tupper. —
Edward Swan, first and only President; Homes
Tupper, Secretary. This company commenced issu-
ing policies, May 6, 1844. Ended, May 8, 1S5L
Whole number, 2269. Total amount of premiums,
up to May 6, 1851, $406,210,30. Losses paid,
$351,721,38.
Franklin Bank, capital, $50,000. First officers, — •
Richard Clay, President. Directors, the President
and J. N. Cooper, A. Leonard, Haynes Learned, and
E. F. Deane. It ceased on the expiration of the
charter.
Savings Institution was incorporated in 1834, with
deposits at the end of six months of $1845,50. In
* B. Tarbox, Esq,
t Edward Swan, Esq,
MISCELLANEOUS.
327
1840, they had amounted to $12,421.00, and in Jan-
uary, 1852, they were $65,871,73. There are 427
depositors, and have been in all, 987.
Cobbossee-contee Bank, incorporated in 1852,
with a capital of |50,000.
Besides these are several other associations, as the
Oak Grove Society, the ladies of which are en-
deavoring to beautify the Cemetery ; the Martha
Washington Society, which has benefited many of
the families of inebriates; the E})iscopal sewing
circle ; Ladies' Aid Society, (Universalists ;) Congre-
gationalist, S wedeiiborgian, Methodist and Baptist
sewing societies, most of which have an annual
Fair and Levee, the proceeds of which are devoted
to the objects had in view.
PHYSICIANS.
Among the very earliest settlers of this town,
Mrs. James Winslow is often mentioned, as having
been very serviceable to the sick, particularly to
parturient women ; indeed she was the only individ-
ual devoted to the practice of medicine, prior to
1769, about which time Dr. Zacfiariah Flitner^ a
German, settled on the east side of the river.*
Robert Taggart settled, also on the east side of
the river, about the year 1771, as a physician. t
Jonathan Hicks practiced medicine here a short
time about the year 1777. Little is known of this
individual except that he was a good doctor," that
he came from the west, and returned again. J
Gen. Dearborn, having been educated a physi-
cian, practiced medicine and surgery for several
years after he settled here. His services were
mostly gratuitous. He was occasionally assisted by
* Hufus Gay, Dr. G. S. Palmer. f Ibid.
X Ibid.
328
MISCELLANEOUS.
Dr. Tupper, who lived at Nantucket wliarf, now
Dresden, and by Dr. Vaughan, who lived at the
Hook *
James Parker^ M. Z)., was born in Boston, and
received his medical education under the direction
of his father, who was a practicing physician. He
settled in this town about the year 1790. He was
a successful practitioner, and an influential man.f
Dr. Parker was elected a Representative to the 13th
Congress of the U. S., and commenced his duties in
May, 1813. He was a Democrat of the Jetfersonian
stamp, and warmly advocated all the measures of
the party, from the non-intercourse and embargo to
the declaration of war. During his whole life he was
deeply interested in politics, and commanded an ex-
tensive influence in the county, as well as in the
national councils. He was elected for one term to
the State Legislature. In 1802 and 3 a malignant
fever prevailed in the village of Gardiner and vicin-
ity, supposed by some to be the imported yellow
fever of the West Indies. Although many fell
victims to the disease. Dr. Parker was remarkably
successful in arresting its progress by administering
large and frequent doses of jalap and calomel.J
Enoch Hale, M. D., M. M, S, S., A. A. IS., was
born in West Hampton, Mass., in 1790, and received
his early education in that place. He studied medi-
cine with Drs. Bigelow & Warren, of Boston, and
received his medical degree at Cambridge University,
in 1813, soon after which he commenced practice
in Gardiner.*^ Dr. Hale was a profound student,
and devoted his life to the interests of his profession.
His attention was early drawn to the influence of
climate upon health, and he made many Meteorolog-
* Kufus Gay. Dr. G. S. Palmer. f Dr. G. S. Palmer.
X Moses Springer, Esq. § Dr. G. S. Palmer.
MISCELLANEOUS.
329
ical observations and experiments. In company
with Moody Noyes and Charles M. Dastin, he
attempted to freeze mercury by the natural coldness
of the atmosphere. For that purpose, in the coldest
winter night, he ascended to the top of the mast of
a vessel, lying at one of our wharves, and exposing
th,e mercury, properly isolated, to the clear cold air,
more nearly succeeded in the experiment than any
man had done before him, the mercury having de-
scended to 39^ below zero, or within one degree of
the point of congelation.* He published a " His-
tory of the Cold Fever," and other works. He re-
moved to Boston, and died in 1848.
David Neal, born in Kennebunk in 1789, studied
medicine with Dr. Page of Brunswick, attended
Medical Lectures at Bowdoin College, and commenced
practice in Pittston, in 1811. After a few years, he
moved to the west side of the river, where he
practiced till 1839, in which year he died. -Dr.
Neal had a very extensive practice. He was always
companionable, and possessed an unceasing flow of
humor. He was never married, and left a large
property to his relatives.!
Silas Holma7i, M. D., was born in Bolton, Mass.,
received his medical degree at Harvard University,
commenced practice in Gardmer in 1819 ; was rep-
resentative in the Maine Legislature in 1845, and
died in 1850.J
Dr. Holman was a sterluig man, of refined taste,
gentlemanly manners, and of great benevolence. He
was an eloquent speaker, and will long be remem-
bered throughout this and other States, as one of the
most useful and interesting lecturers on temperance.
His " Trial of Alcohol," in a series of 5 or 6 lec-
* Dr. Palmer. f Ibid. M. Springer, Esq.
i Br. G. S. Palmer.
28*
330
MISCELLANEOUS.
tures was repeated in many places to the great de-
light of thousands.*
James Freer ^ M. D., was educated in Philadelphia,
and practiced medicine in Pittston.
John Dow^ was born in New Hampshire, studied
medicine in Dover with Dr. Dow, came to Pittston
in 1837, noAV practicing,
David H. Mirick, M. D., was born in Massachu-
setts, received his medical degree at Bowdoin college
in 1827, commenced practice in Gardiner in 1830.
Died in 1837.
£J. J. Fo7^d, M. D., was born in Gray, studied
medicine in Gray, practiced medicine in Alna and
Jefferson about 27 years. Received an honorary
degree of Doctor of Medicine at Bowdoin College in
1836, commenced practice in Gardiner, in 1837, now
practicing.
F. P. Theobald, A. M., M. D, was born in Wis-
casset, graduated at Bowdoin College in 1830, re-
ceived his medical degree in 1834, commenced
practicing in Gardiner in 1836, is now practicing.
Joseph Merrill, M.D., was born in West Gardiner,
received his medical degree at Bowdoin College in
1829, practiced first in Durham, commenced prac-
ticing in Gardiner in 1839, now practicing.
Stephen Whitmore, M. D., was born in Bowdoin-
ham, received his medical degree at Bowdoin Col-
lege in 1836, commenced practicing in Gardiner in
1837, left on account of ill-health in 1841, lives in
Bowdoinham.
G. S. Palmer, A. M., M. D., was born at Bow-
man's Point, formerly a part of the territory of this
city. Graduated at Bowdoin College in 1838; re-
* Moses Springer, Esq.
MISCELLANEOUS.
331
ceived his medical degree in 1841; studied under
Dr. Enoch Hale in Boston, commenced practicing
in Gardiner in 1842. He commenced and prosecut-
ed his studies without any pecuniary aid.*
C. W. Whitmore, M. U., was born in Bowdoin-
ham, received his medical degree at Bowdoin College
in 1839. First practiced in Richmond, commenced
practicing in Gardiner in 1846, now in California.
Ahiel Libhy, M. D., born in Gardiner, received
medical degree at Bowdoin College, 1846, practiced
in Gardiner a short time, he is now practicing in
Richmond.
Cyrus Kindrick, M. D., was born in Gardiner,
received his medical degree at Jetferson Medical
College, Phil., commenced practicing in Gardiner
in 1850. Now practicing.
Johii S\ Gardiner, M. D., was born in Hailowell,
received medical degree in New York, in 1845^
practiced in Gardiner one year. Since dead.
James Bates, M. D., was born in Green in 1787.
Studied medicine with Dr. Mann ; attended medical
Lectures in Boston, entered the U. S. Army in
1813, remained two and a half years, settled in
Norridgewock in 1819, was member of the twenty-
second Congress, was appointed superintendant of
the Maine Insane Hospital in 1845, remained six
years till it was burnt, commenced practicing in
Gardiner in 1851, now practicing.
Jacob Coffin,\ M. D., received his medical degree
at Bowdoin College in 1822, and commenced practice
at East Pittston about the same year. He sacrificed
himself to his profession, and died in 1833.
* M. Springer, Esq.
t Dr. G. S. Palmer.
332
MISCELLANEOUS.
TFm. H. Jewett,* M. D., was bom in Gardiner,
receivtd his medical degree at Bowdoin College in
1831, and practicad one year at East Pittston.
Dav'd Y. Pierce^\ M. D., received his medical
degree in 1835 ; practiced two years at East Pitts-
ton.
Harrison S?nall,X M. D., was born in Jay, and com-
menced practice at East Pittston about the year 1840.
He has been successfnl as a practitioner and is now
actively engaged in his profession.
On the Homoeopathic System, Rev. Adonis Hoiv-
ard^ and Wm. F. Jackson^ A. M., M. D., have been
the principal practitioners.
On the Thompsonian System, the principal prac-
titioners have been Drs. Newcomb, Whitney, Mar-
den, Welcome Pincin, Benj. Colby, Bryant Morton,
Joseph N. Smith, M. F. Marble and E. M. Parritt.
Dr. Parritt has been Professor of Chemistry and
Medical Jurisprudence in Cincinnati, O., Louisville,
Ky., and now occupies that chair in the Medical
College in Worcester.
ATTORNEYS.
Some of the Counselors at law who have resided
in Gardiner and Pittston, will now be recorded : —
It is believed that John Davis was the first reg-
ular practitioner here. He came in 1785.
Allen Gilman came in 1796-7, and in a few
years removed to Hallowell, and thence to Bangor,
where he was Mayor, and died.
* Dr. G. S. Palmer. f Ibid. % Ibid.
MISCELLANEOUS.
333
Nathan B ridge hegrni here as a lawyer in 1798-9,
Sanford Kingsherry was born in Claremont, N.
H., Avas graduated at Dartmouth in 1801, with
Daniel Webster, came to Gardiner in 1804, became
cashier of Gardiner Bank in 1814, and practiced
law until he took his seat on the bench of the Court
of Common Pleas, in 1821. He was State Senator
in 1828, 9, removed to Kingsberry in 1834, and fell
dead in one of our streets, March 1, 1849, aged 66
years.
Frederic Allen came to Gardiner in 1803, and, as
is well known, has been one of the most profound
and successful lawyers in Maine, for nearly half a
century.
Charles M. Diistin, a nephew of Judge Kingsberry,
commenced studying with his uncle about 1811-12,
but died shortly after entering the profession.
George Evans, (see biographical sketch.)
Theojphilus P. Chandler began to practice law in
Gardiner, removed to Bangor, and thence to Boston.
He has for many years been president of the Ogdens-
burg Railroad.
George W. Bachelder, bom in Hallowell, Nov.
13, 1802; graduated at Bowdoin in 1823; com-
menced as an attorney in Gardiner in 1826. Was
appointed municipal Judge in 1850.
Ehenezer Furhush Deane, graduated at Bowdoin
in 1824; taught the Gardiner Lyceum, and com-
menced practicing law. He was a man of much
influence. He died in 1848.
Caleb Locke graduated at Bowdoin in 1827, and
began the profession of the law in 1830, with great
promise, and died at Biddeford in 1836.
Joseph Adams graduated at Brunswick in 1827,
334
MISCELLANEOUS.
began the law in Hallowell in 1831, removed to
Pittston in 1832, and to Gardiner in 1836.
Thomas Swan, born in 1810, began the law in
1831 ; removed to China, and thence to Vassalboro',
and died, 1839. He was clerk of Kennebec Courts
in 1838-9.
Charles E. Allen graduated at Bowdoin in 1835,
and commenced as an attorney in Gardiner in 1838.
In 1846 he removed to Boston, where he now re-
sides.
Nathaniel M. Whitmore, born in Bowdoinhfim,
graduated at Bowdoin College in 1833; commenced
practicing law in 1838.
George H. Robinsoii read law at Cambridge Law
School, commenced the profession in Vicksburg,
Mississippi, in 1839, and came to Gardiner in 1643.
Sanford K. Ballard^ born at Bowman's Point,
graduated at Bowdoin in 1 836 ; commenced the law
in Gardiner in 1839, and died Nov. 20, 1841, aged
26 years.
Noah Woods ^ born in Groton, Mass., Sept. 26,
1812; read law with Judge Tenney, and commenc-
ed the legal profession in Gardiner, in March, 1841 ;
received Honorary degree of A. M. at Brunswick.
Charles Danforth, born in Norridgewock, August
1, 1815, studied with Judge Tenney, and commenc-
ed the profession in Gardiner, Nov. 1841.
E. A. Chadwick, born in Frankfort, graduated at
Bowdoin in 1842, commenced practicing law in
Pittston, Oct. 1844, and in Gardiner, Nov. 1849.
Lorenzo Clay, born in Candia, N. H., Nov. 5,
1817; graduated at Hanover in 1843; commenced
the legal profession in Gardiner hi 1845.
MISCELLANEOUS.
335
aS*. L. Plumer, b. Gardiner, graduated at Har-
vard in 1844, commenced the law in Gardiner in
1848. Edited the Gardiner Transcript.
Augustus O. Allen, b. Gardiner, graduated at
Brunswick, and read law in the office of his father,
Frederic Allen, Esq.
Ward L. Lewis commenced practicing law in
Pittston in 1848.
Washhuim Benjamin is also an attorney in Pitts-
ton.
College Graduates.
Several persons who were born or have resided in
Gardiner or Pittston, have been graduates at College.
Some of them who have not been mentioned pre-
viously are here given.
Boiodoi?!, Phineas Pratt, 1817; B. B. Thacher,
1826 ; Rev. Sanford A. Kingsberry, 1828 ; Augustus
O. Alien; Rev. Frederic Gardiner, 1842; Wm. Ly-
man Hyde, 1842; Wm. S. Chadwell. Rev. S. A.
Kingsberry is a Clergyman in Damariscotta, and Pres-
ident of the Maine Bapt. Missionary Society. Rev.
F. Gardiner is an Episcopal Clergyman in Bath. Mr.
Allen is an attorney. These three are natives of
Gardiner. Ebenezer Moor, 1 832 ; Ansyl Moor, 1835.*
Waterville, A. G. Jewett, 1826. Mr. .Tev/ett was born
in Pittston, is a lawyer of distinction in Bangor, and
has been charge to Lima. Brown, James Plaisted ;
Samuel Plaisted. iiTart^artZ, Barzillai Gannett, 1785;
James Bowers, 1794 ; Robert Hallowell Gardiner,
1801; Robert Hallowell Gardiner, jr. 1830.
* Children of Ebenezer Moore. Ebenezer Jr., has been Ma^^or
of Quincy, III.
336
MISCELLANEOUS.
ALMSHOUSE, &C.
For some time previous to 1846 the poor of Gar-
diner had been provided for at an establishment
in West Gardiner, consisting of a farm and buildings
called the Brann place. This was at length sold,
and in the year 1848 the present Almshouse was
purchased. The deed is dated Jan. 2, 1849. The
house was built by Eben Moore, and was bought,
together with fourteen acres of land, of C. E. Brad-
street, who then owned it. $2200 were paid for it,
and an additional building was erected, at a cost of
$3000. The establishment is a brick one, of two
stories, containing thirty-six fine rooms, including
seven fitted for the insane in the most admirable
manner, together with a spacious hall. The build-
ing is every way a most excellent one for the pur-
pose, and is a monument of the humanity and
generosity of the city. Last year $3436,17 were
expended for the poor, and 63 persons, or an aver-
age of 32 had resided in the house. Under the
new arrangement the keeper of the house has been
J. L. Foy. It will be seen by a reference to the
tax-lists that the poor of Gardiner and Pittston have
always been well cared for.*
EARLY APPEARANCE OF EAST PITTSTON.
Rev. Eliakim Scammon, one of the oldest settlers
of East Pittston, says — " I came into this town first
in 1806. The place was then comparatively new,
and many changes have since taken place, and most
of them much for the better. There was then not
a chaise nor wagon in this part, and I believe but
* Noah Woods, Esq.
MISCELLANEOUS.
337
two ill the town : it was said Samuel Oakmaii, and
Jedidiah Jewett, each owned a chaise. The sleigh
and saddle were the only vehicles for travel ; but it
is now almost as uncommon to find a family desti-
tute of a wheel carriage. The young women would
mount the saddle and ride off five, ten, or even forty
miles in a day, through sloughs and over rough
roads, with as much safety and dignity of feeling,
as those now do, over our smoother roads, in their
easy carriages. These muscular exercises gave a
tone to the system, that made dyspepsia a stranger
among them. It Avas not an uncommon thing to
see a man, with his wife mounted upon a pillion
behind him, with an infant in her lap, or in the
arms of the father, riding to church.
The business of the place is very much changed,
especially the lumbering and trade. Then there
were three saw-mills driven night and day, for sev-
eral months in the year, at which many hundred
thousands of sawed lumber were manufactured for
distant markets ; now none, not even enough for
home use.
" There is now upon the Eastern River here, but
one saw-mill, with a shingle machine attached, and
one grist-mill. The stream falls in the distance of
forty or fifty rods, about forty feet, and by a canal
across a point of land, about thirty rods, a fall of
fifty feet more may be obtained.
" The cord- wood business is also fast waning, —
nearly done. There was in those days a profitable
trade here. Much shorf lumber and timber were
brought to the tide waters here, for market, from
Whitefield, Jefi'erson and Windsor. Trade has wan-
ed with the lumber business.
" In those days of brisk trade, three traders sold
from ten to twenty hogsheads of spirit in a year. In
those days when it Avas a custom to use it as a com-
mon beverage to aid in labor, and as a treat, at raisr
29
338
MISCELLANEOUS.
ings, militia drills, and social circles, a store without
ram, to be sold in any quantity, and to any customer,
would not be sustained by the community. Many
families in those times paid more than fifty dollars a
year for this article ! The consequence was, what
it always will be where such usages abound, drunk-
enness, poverty and wretchedness.
But a happy change has taken place. I seldom
see a man intoxicated, and but very little spirit is
sold here. The prices of some very useful articles
have changed very much. I once paid 37^ cents a
yard for India cotton cloth, but I can now buy our
factory cloth, Avorth more than twice as much, for
eight cents. Cut nails were then worth 10 or 12
cents a pound, now not more than half of it. The
difference at an earlier period was still greater. The
price of man's labor in the winter was five dollars
a month, and seven for the rest of the year, and
a pair of tow and linen shirts cost three and^a half
dollars. If the young men of this day had to work
for and pay such prices, California would be much
more thronged than it now is.
" There has always been a laudable interest felt in
public schools, and it has not abated. Hence our
Academy, sustained wholly by individual liberality,
is in successful operation. Of professional men,
none have been sustained but clergymen and physi-
cians. Of the former we have had many, of the
latter but three; one deceased, one removed, the
other remains in a large practice. A respectable
legal gentleman opened aif office here about thirty
years ago, but left after two year's trial probably for
the reason, though differently expressed, that a Mr.
J. P. left Hunt's Meadow : — he said he left because
he could not live there by his business, if he died.
" A comparison between the present and the past
shows an increase of steady habits and good morals.
MISCELLANEOUS.
339
Lumbering and mercantile business, have given place
to mechanical and agricultural industry. There is
much less idle time spent, greater economy used,
and the improved condition of the buildings and
farms, shows a general thrift beyond former days."
An interesting history might be written of the
buildings and different branches of business in Gar-
diner and Pittston, but our limits do not allow.
The " old Cotton Factory" was built in the year
1811, by an incorporated company. It manufac-
tured cotton yarn, and was one of the earliest, as
well as most celebrated cotton mills in the country.
The Paper Mill was first built in 1812, by John
Savels, but it was burnt in about a year, and rebuilt
in 60 days after. Its fabrics are well known. The
paper of Richards <fc Hoskins' manufacture, (of
which this is a sample) is in good demand, and
justly celebrated. The first brick building erected
in town was built by Rufus Gay, in 1808, and
stands nearly opposite the Ferry. The Bank build-
ing was erected in 1813, R. H. Gardiner's was the
next, in 1819, (Butman's Druggist Store,) and the
next was by Richard Stuart, in 1820. This was
burnt in 1852.
Generally speaking the architecture of Gardiner
is not specially good. It is not equal to that of
other Kennebec cities. There is a large predom-
inance of comfortable and neat cottages, however,
suggesting that they are the humble, but independ-
ent homesteads of people of small means.
Note. — Mr. George Lyon informs us that a man
named Henry Babbage came to Gardinerston in
1760, with the first settlers, and that he returned to
Massachusetts in a short time. He should be reckon-
ed with the earliest settlers.
340
"MISCELLANEOUS.
On the same authority, — that of his grandfather,
Jonathan Winslow, he relates that there were other'
slaves than Hazard. He mentions Pomp., Black
Nance, and Stockbridge, the property of Dr. Gardi-
ner and Mr. Robert Hallowell. There were others
also.
When this work was about finished, — March,
1852, — a bill had just been enacted by the Legis-
lature authorizing the erection of a bridge across
the Kennebec, between Gardiner and Pittston. This
is a cause of the greatest rejoicing to the people of
the two towns, as it will be one of great advantage
to the people, and a desirable convenience to a large
population east and west of the Kennebec.
In April, the effort to erect a town spoken
of on page 214 was successful. The boundaries
were changed so far as to exclude Frederic Allen,
and Dr. Theobald. The beautiful name Farm-
iNGDALE was selcctcd.
A letter was received when the last sheets of this
book were ' being worked off, from Mrs. Julia C.
Wingate, of Portland, giving some additional facts
connected with the Dearborn family. Gen. Henry
Dearborn married Mary, daughter of Gen. Bartlett,
of Nottingham, by whom he had two daughters,
Pamelia Augusta, who married Allen Gilman. She
died eleven months after marriage, leaving an infant
daughter, who married Col. Greenleaf Dearborn, U.
S. A. She is now a widow, residing in Portland.
The other daughter, Sophia, married Dudley Hobart.
She was left a widow with eight children, five of
whom died young. One daughter married
Melville, and lives in Galena, 111. ; another married
Blake ; and a son now lives in Ohio. In
1780, Gen. Dearborn married widow Marble, daugh-
ter of Col. Osgood of Andover. Gen. H. A. S. Dear-
MISCELLANEOUS.
341
born, was a child of the second wife, as was George
Raleigh, who die^ on the homeward passage from
Asia, and Julia C. who married Joshua Wingate,
No\r. 1799. Children of Joshua and Julia C. Win-
gate, — 1, Julia Octavia, b. Aug. 1800, m. Charles
a. Clapp; 2, George R. D. b. 1807. d. 1826. Chil-
dren of Charles Q., and Julia O. Clapp, — 1, Julia
E., m, John B. Carroll, of Ya. ; 2, Georgianna W.,
m. Winthrop G. Ray, of N. Y. Gen. H. A. S. Dear-
born left a wife and three children : — 1, Julia M., m.
A. W. H. Clapp, (one child, Mary J. E.) ; 2, Henry
R., m. Sarah Thurston,- 3, Wm. L., unm.
It may be said generally, concerning matters
spoken of in this book, that authorities frequently
have differed widely, — Tradition having sometimes,
apparently borrowed the hundred tongues of Rumor,
so that it will be no matter of surprise, if the reader
sometimes finds his impressions contradicted. It is
believed, however, that a careful examination of any
mooted question herein spoken of, will result in favor
of the statement here recorded.
The Compiler has now finished his task. He has
omitted no pains to render his work a valuable com-
pendium of facts. He finds that ho has used. te7i
thousand names of persons, with an average of four
distinct facts to each. Thus, he has spread before
his fellow-citizens Joi^i/ thousand definite facts.
Much of this matter must necessarily have perished,
had a few more years elapsed without rescuing it
from oblivion.
He hopes that the toil he has subjected himself to
may be appreciated. He would impress on the
minds of his readors, that t^e facts contained in this
book win only be valuable to them, as they are used
as means of suggesting salutary truths. History is
29*
342
MISCELLANEOUS.
useful only when its practical lessons are learned.
May the readers of this book shun the faults, and
imitate the virtues, of their fathers I
The Compiler cannot forbear recording a cheering
fact, now beginning to appear, in the career of the
city of Gardiner : — Owing to circumstances which
need not here be mentioned, the people of this city
have always been remarkably destitute of local pride.
The rich and the poor have seemed alike indiflferent
to the character of the city, and the consequences
have been injurious. Now, however, be it recorded
as an encouraging feature in our history, the younger
generation is determined to overcome those obstacles
which some of the fathers opposed in vain. The
social, intellectual and business character of the city
have already shown the iniluence. If these efforts are
persevered in, our schools will continue to improve^
business will flow through our streets, a spirit not to
be resisted will create such a character for the place^
that it will yet be a matter of pride to claim a citi-
zenship in Gardiner. As improvement increases,
all our interests will acknowledge the iiifluence, and
the city will ascend to a more elevated civic position.
And when the future Historian attempts to write a
complete History of Maine, ■ — which never can be
done until each town has contributed its own, — -
prominent among the most flourishing, ours will be
found, and his pen will gladly record its achieve-
ments.
It rests with the young men, and especially with
the mechanics, and business men, who control the
public destinies, to render the city what it should be.
May they be resolute in their eff'orts, until they over-
come all opposing obstacles until all available natural
and artificial means of advancement are actively
MISCELLANEOUS. 343
employed. Then, while our noble State continues
to wear proudly on its shield the appropriate motto,
Dirigo, — I LEAD, — Gardiner, in the front rank of
its cities, shall bear an equally significant legend on
its escutcheon, — Excelsior, — Higher Yet !
THE END.
Oji page 335, for A71S1/I Moor, read AsahelMoOi'.
BUSINESS REGISTER, 1852.
Containing the name and occupation of each person doing business in
Gardiner and Pittston, — commencing in Gardiner at the lower, or east-
erly, end of Water Street.
Gardiner Steam Mill Co., Wm. B. Heseltine, Agent.
AYilliam R. Gay, Lumber and Commission Merchant.
Gorham Whitney, Innholder — Kennebec House.
Etenezer E. Byram, West India Goods.
Abel Whitney, Cooper.
Henry B. Bradstreet, West India Goods.
James Tarbox, Jr., West India Goods.
Patrick Maher, Grocer.
Mrs. Olive Whitney, Millinery and Fancy Goods.
John P. Dennis, Butcher,
Jesse Lambert, Brickmaker.
William S. Grant, Ship Chandler.
E. Swan & J. Adams, Insurance.
Harrison G. Lowell, Sail-maker.
John Dennis, Corn, Flour and Groceries.
Haile Wood, Hardware and Iron.
Sedgwick L. Plumer, Attorney.
Milliken & Dudley, Butchers.
Fling, Drew & Co., Groceries and Provisions.
Michael Burke, Boots and Shoes.
Owen Dealy, Tailor.
E. H. Gardiner, Counting Room.
F. A. Butman Jr. & Co., Druggists and Apothecaries.
Mrs. Parkhurst, Millinery and Fancy Goods.
E. Forsyth, Groceries and Provisions.
Sylvanus Hathaway, Hats, Caps and Furs.
Gideon S. Palmer, Physician.
Danforth & Woods, Attorneys and Counselors at Law.
Nathaniel K. Chad wick, Dry and Fancy Goods.
Lorenzo Clay, Lawyer.
Business Register — Gardiner.
George Evans, Counselor at Law.
AV. F. Jackson, Homeopathic Physician.
Frederic Allen, Counselor at Law.
Emerald McCurdy, Tin Plate and Sheet L'on Worker.
F. Blood, Confectioner.
Edwin Bailey, Dry and Fancy Goods.
Joshua K. Osgood, Auction and Commission Store.
Joseph Foy, Oyster Saloon.
Elias Davis, Goldsmith and Optician.
Isaac J. Carr, Innholder — Gardiner Hotel.
Charles Swift, Goldsmith.
Charles B. Stone, Groceries and Provisions.
George M. Atwood, Bookseller and Stationer.
F. P. Theobald, Physician.
N. M. Whitmore, Attorney at Law-
Langdon Gilmore, Surgeon Dentist.
Asa Woodward, Telegraph Operator.
Morrell & Heath, Publishers, and Book and J ob Printers.
''^ J. & B. Stanford, Boots -and Shoes.
^ J. & J. T. Stone, Dry and Faney Goods.
Henry K. Chadwick, Ready-made Clothing.
George H. Kobinson, Lawyer.
Nathaniel Clark, Shoemaker.
J. T. Smart, Groceries.
Freeman Trott, Groceries.
Mrs. H. Howard, Dress-maker.
James A. Cox, Boots and Shoes.
J. E. Davis, Hats, Caps and Furs.
Miss E. B. Whitney, Milliner and Dress-maker.
Miss M. A. Merrill, Dress-maker.
Albert Grifl&n, Groceries.
Daniel S. Johnson, Groceries.
William Partridge, Baker.
Jacob Jewell, Hair Dresser.
David Landers, Livery Stable.
• A. B. Bafter, Millinery and Fancy Goods.
• J. Y. Gray, Patent Medicines.
Moses Dunton, Fish Market.
John Brown, Confectioner.
B.. A. Sager, Harness-maker.
Moses H. Lord, House, Sign and Carriage Painter.
Daniel Lincoln, Innholder — Cobbossee House.
Business Register — Gar din er.
W. S. Ring, Butcher.
Charles H. Partridge, Tailor and Draper.
John Webb, Boots and Shoes.
Charles P. Branch, Druggist and Express Agent.
"William Palmer, Bookseller and Binder.
Robert Williamson, Tailor and Draper.
E. A. Chadwick, Counselor at Law.
H. Skillin, Daguerrean Artist.
W. A. Lawrence, Ready-made Clothing.
I. G. Yannah & Co., Hardware and L'on.
Silas T. Gushee, Dry and Fancy Goods.
B. Shaw, Jr., Express and General Forwarding Agent.
George W. Bachelder, Counselor at Law.
R. Richard Clay, Physopathic Physician.
Marion F. jNJarble, Physopathic Physician.
E. Morgan Parritt, Physopathic Physician.
Ansyl Clark, Agent for selling spirits.
D. C. Palmer, Manufacturer and Dealer in Lumber.
Mrs. J. VV. Perley, Millinery and Fancy Goods.
B. S. Jones, Tin Plate and Sheet Iron Worker.
E. W. Parkhurst, House and Fancy Painter.
Peter J. Galvin, Tailor and Draper.
Albert S. Yv^aterhouse, Auction and Commission Store.
A. W. & G. W. Hamlin, Groceries.
Leander H. Lowell, Tailor.
James M. Robinson, Boots and Shoes.
B. Weymouth, Boot and Shoe Maker.
True W. Townsend, Dry and West India Goods.
C. A. & J. D. .White, Druggists and Apothecaries.
James A. Clay & Co., Manufact'rs and Dealers in Lumber,
Adlam & Hill, Furniture Warehouse. •
R. H. Sawyer, Saw Shop.
Benjamin Johnson, Grocer.
Joel H. Snow, Carpenter and Joiner.
Amos C. Stuart, West India Goods and Groceries.
Mrs. J. Esmond, Y^est India Goods and Groceries.
Thomas W. Tobey, Y^est India Goods and Groceries.
Eben Jackson, Tin, Sheet Iron Ware and Stoves.
S. & C. Baker, Y^est India Goods and Groceries.
Mrs. L. P. Bodfish & Co., Millinery and Fancy Goods.
A. Ring & Co., Butchers.
Elwell, & Shaw, Butchers.
Business Register — Gardiner.
S. W. Tarbox, Groceries.
Mitchell, Wilson & Co., Dry and West India Goods.
Bartlett & Johnson, West India Goods and Groceries.
Nash & Nudd, Furniture Warehouse.
S. J. Park & Co., Marble Cutters.
John Lawrence, Blacksmith.
Paul R. Cleaves, Innholder — Washingtonian House.
John Stone, Dry and West India Goods.
Smith Maxcy & Son, Millers.
William M. Vaughan, Manufacturer and Dealer in Flour.
Myrick Hopkins, Dealer in Wool and Hides.
Holmes & Bobbins, Machinists and Founders.
John Leeman, House and Ship Painter.
W. E. Hollis, Boot and Shoe Maker.
Stephen Tucker, Groceries
I. N. Tucker & Co., Woolen Factory.
John Robinson, Carpenter and Joiner.
Lincoln Perry, Shingle, Clapboard and Planing Machines.
Frost & Gray, Manufacturers and Dealers in Lumber.
Welcome Pinein, Physopathic Physician.
T. Baker & Co., Manufacturers and Dealers in Lumber.
Richards & Hoskins, Paper Manufacturers.
E. J. Ford, Physician.
Uriah Briery, Groceries.
MAIN STREE-r.
Robert Stinson, Victualer and Grocer.
Isaac Decker, Victualer.
John Dunphy, Yarnish, Japan and Oil.
Wing & Bates, Lumber and Commission Merchants.
Mason Damon, Sail Maker.
Peter Yigoreux, Sail Maker.
B. Emmons Victualer.
John Meader, Confectioner.
John McManuis, Blacksmith.
James Foy, Victualer.
John N. Brown, Hair Dresser.
Cyrus Kindrick, jr., Physician.
Daniel Nutting, Notary Public.
James Bates, Physician.
S. L. Carlton, Daguerrian Artist.
Richard B. Caldwell, Printer and Publisher.
Business Register-^ Gardiner.
CHURCH STREE-T.
Lincoln & Milliken, Livery Stable.
Randall & Bailey, Carriage Makers.
Silas Andrews & Co., Blacksmiths.
Albion E. Wing, Carriage Maker.
John Brown, House and Ship Painter.
W. B. Wharff, Blacksmith.
BRIDGE STREe-r.
Joseph L. Mitchell & Co., Sash, Doors and Blinds.
J. 0. Clay & Co., Sash, Doors and Blinds.
Richard K. Littlefield, Millwright.
Oeorge W. Littlefield, Carpenter and Joiner.
J ames Gr. Donnell, Carpenter and Joiner.
Walter Curtis, Blacksmith.
S if am ai Bowman, Blacksmith.
H, R. French, Blacksmith.
S. Springer, Tin Plate Worker.
John E. Merrill, Lmholder - Mansion House.
Robert Thompson, Stone Ware Factory.
J. Steward & Son, Manufacturers and Dealers in Lumber.
William Sargent, Manufacturer and Dealer in Lumber.
William Day & Co., Manufacturers and Dealera in Lumber
Mitchell & Royal,
Elbridge Berry & Co. " "
Frost & Clay, " " "
Hooker, Libby & Co., " "
James Reynolds, Carriage Maker.
HIGH ST-REE-r,
John Plaisted, Tanner and Currier.
George Plaisted, Tanner and Currier.
Joseph Merrill, Physician.
S U IVl M E R STREET-.
Edward Jarvis, Tanner and Currier.
Leeman & Hamlin, Tanners and Curriers.
Holt & Parker, Tanners and Curriers.
O. A. Woodsom & Co., Tanners and Curriers.
Moses Springer, Land Surveyor.
Meserve, Robinson k, Co., Furniture and Bedsteads.
Joseph Perry, Machinist.
Moore & Plaisted, Sash, Doors and Blinds.
30
Business Register — Gardiner.
SPRING S-TREE-r.
Arch Morrell, Brickmaker.
J. Taylor, Brickmaker.
Woodward Thompson, Brickmakei*.
WINTER S-rREET-
Josopli Welch, Plasterer and Stucco-worker,
Shncon Gary, Butcher.
IVllSCEl_l_ANEOUS,
William Palmer, Coroner.
Charles N. Bodfish, Sheriff.
John D. Gardiner, Deputy Sheriff.
Lawson H. Green, Postmaster.
George H. Cook, Deputy Collector.
George S, Maynard, City Marshal.
PITTSTON.
Benjamin Follansbee, Ship Builder.
James Smith, Ship Builder.
William Cooper, Merchant and Ship Builder,
H. & S. Cutts, Blacksmiths.
Spencer F, Wadsworth, Blacksmith.
Alfred Smart, Blacksmitli.
H. T. Franklin, Blacksmith.
S. B, Russell, Carriage Maker,
Caleb Waterhousc, Boot and Shoe Maker.
D. B. Peaslee, Boot and Shoe Maker.
W. B. Winslow, Boot and Shoe Maker.
Caleb Stevens, Postmaster.
Fra^iklin Stevens & Co., Ship Builders.
Stephen Young, Ship Builder.
A. C.Cross, Innholder.
Gideon Barker, Drugs and Groceries.
W. & J. Peaslee, West India Goods and Provisions,
Noah Dennis, Groceries and Provisions.
A. H. & H. T. Clark, Groceries and Provisions.
Joseph Brookings, Dry Goods and Groceries.
Jere. Connor, Dry Goods and Groceries.
Daniel Brookings, Dry Goods and Groceries.
JBasiness Register — Plttston, &)C.
Charles Kinsman, Groceries and Provisions.
Joseph Follansbee, Groceries and Provisions,
Luther Cole, House and Ship Painter,
Ward L. Lewis, Lawyer,
John Dow, Physician.
W. Benjamin, Lawyer.
David E,. Clark, J oiner.
John Jewett, Ship Builder.
Ebeu. Hinds, Master Ship Builder.
John Still, Master Ship Builder.
David S. Rairden, Master Ship Builder.
H. Small, Physician.
L. S. Clark, Dry Goods and Groceries,
J. Y. Boynton, Carriage Maker.
Amos Merrill, Blacksmith.
Winslow Hunt, Blacksmith.
G. Mansir, Miller.
E. Scammou, Postmaster — East Pittston.
Nathaniel Kimball, Ship Builder.
Elbridge G. Pierce, Master Ship Builder.
Joseph L'ish, Ship Carpenter and Joiner.
Leonard Fuller, Blacksmith.
Enoch Marshall, Deputy Sheriff.
Justices of the Peace and Quorum.
FARMINGD ALE.
GARDINER.
Frederic Allen,
George W. Bachelder,
Lorenzo Clay,
L. H. Green,.
C. Kindrick,
Sedgwick L. Plumer,
Daniel Nutting,
Benjamin Shaw,
Noah Woods,
Robert H. Gardiner,
Edmund A. Chadwick,
Charles Danforth,
Daniel Hildreth,
William Palmer,
George H. Robinson,
Moses Springer,
N. M. V\ hitmore.
Ezekiel Waterhousc.
Justices of the Peace, Sj-c.
WEST GARDINER.
Abner Milliken,
J. VV. Herrick.
p I T -r s T o .
Benjamin T. Folsom,
Ward L. Lewis,
George Williamson,
John Jewetii,
Jacob Peaslee,
George W. Mansir.
J osepb Adams,
Daniel Nutting,
Notaries Public— Gardiner.
, George W. Bachelder,.
;, Benj. Shaw, Jr.
(Register arranged by Wm. H. Lord.)
Note. Several of the persons mentioned as doing hupinrps in Gar-
diner, are residents of Farmingdale. The Steam Sawmill in Pittston is
owned and operated by Frost & Clay, of Gardiner; and another Saw-
mill, on the Togus Stream, is operated by Nathan O. Mitchell, alao of
Gardiner.
FIRST OFFICERS IN FARMINGDALE.
April 12, 1852, the people of Farmingdale held their;
first Town meeting, and chose their first ofiicers as follows :.
Moderator, A. S. Chadwick.
Town Clerk, E. A. Chadwick.
Selectmen, Assessors, and Overseers of the Poor, A. S.
Celidwick, Tugs. B. Seavey, Daniel Lancaster-
Superintending School Committee, Abram Rich, E. A.
Chadwick, Reuben Seavey.
The ice left the river April 12, 1852,.
ERRATUM.
Page 289, line 14 from top, for Pittston read Gardinei;.,
Advertisements — Gardiner, 1852.
WATER STREET.... WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER IN
Where will always be found an extensive assortment of the nicest quali-
ties and newest styles of Goods. Also a full assortment of
Ocf» NEW GOODS RECEIVED DAILY. =00
C. A. & J. D. WHITE,
DEALERS IN
WMWMW SlllilllSs f llIlMll¥i,
FANCY ARTICLES,
CLAY'S BLOCK, Y/ATEE STEEET.
HOLMES &, ROBBINS,
At their Forge, Foundry, and Machine Shop, will furnish
of all kinds, at short notice, and on favorable terms. Particular atten-
tion given to SHIP AND MILL WORK.
The following are some of the articles manufactured by them, viz :
FOR VESSELS— Windlass Purchases, Windlass Necks, Truss Arms,
Capstan Spindles, Iron Knees, Quarter Blocks, Shieves; Hawser, Stern,
Deck and Side Pipes ; Belaying Rails, Pins and Chocks, and all kinds
of Shapes for Truss Hoops, Clamps for Screws, &c. &c.
FOR MILLS— Water Wheels, Shafting, Gears, Gudgeons, both Wing
and Plate, Iron Buckets, Cranks, Rims, Boxes, and many smaller arti-
cles, such as Saw Arbers, Stirrup Screws, Boxes for the Eyes of Mill
Stuues, Turning Lathe Irons, &c.
Also, Hubs for Carts and Wagons, Boxes, Plow Castings, Fire Dogs,
Fire Frames, Cultivator Teeth, and every kind of Casting, or Wrouo^ht
Iron Shape, wanted for Agriculture, Ship Building and Machinerv. °
30*
Advertisements — Gardiner, 1852'.
MANUFACTURER OP
CORNER OF BRIDGE AND HIGH STREETS.
€MMMI,'MB SWIFT,
IMPORTER OP
AND DEALER IN
CLOCKS, LAMPS, SILVER AND PLATED WARE,
spectacles, Violins, Violin Strings, Fancy Goods, &c.
-WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER IN-
MEDITERRANEAIf, INDIA SOUTH AMERICAN"
ENGLISH EXTRACTS, SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS,
Bnishes, Fancy Soaps, &c. Water Street.
Jgent for Gay & Co.'s Kemiebec Sf Boston Express:
Water Street Manufacturer of and Dealer in
AM®
CUSTOM WORK don3 in a workman-like manner,,
at short notice.
Acbertisemenis — Gardiner, 1852.
fm\\ [\\\\ Siili printers,
PUBLISHEES OF THE EOTJNTAIN & JOURNAL,
OFFICE OPPOSITE FOOT OF CHUKCH STREET.
CarSs of f&erg Favistg furitisfjeli at 33oston i^rices, anti prititcti at about ont
f)3lf i])t former ratrs.
HlRArvi K. IViOFJREUL.. AL-VAN N/l. C HEATTH.
And Manufacturer of Mineral Teeth.
OFFICE OPPOSITE FOOT OF CHURCH STREET.
Wiioie or parts of sets of Teeth inserted wiili or without gums, as
taste or necessity may require — upon the principle of atmospheric press-
ure— an'i a fit warranted. Perfect satisfaction given in ail operations, »r
no cuiupeasatioii will be required.
© g IP OD ¥ 17 SKlltBQIf
Will attend promptly to any business entrusted to his care.
MOORE &c PLAISTED,
Manufacturers of a-nd Dealers in
S:B®S®, ®ELllIiia»
SUMMER STREET,
Kpep constantly on hand, and will furnish at short notice and on rea?on-
:* -le terms, any of the above named work, inanufactured of good material-
aid in a workmanlike manner, 'l iieir Improved BtiNDS are supeiie*
v<i any others now manufactured.
Advertisements — Gardiner, 1852.
DEALER IN
km mkwf^mkm mwmm^,
OPPOSITE COBBOSSEE HOUSE.
N. B. — ■Garments cut to order and made at the shortest notic*.
TMMWilMM TROTT,
DEALER IN
AND
Rooms m Palmer & Williamson's Block — opposite the
Cobbossee House.
These Rooms have been fitted up for this especial purpose, with 160
square feet of sky-light; and are not surpassed by any other rooms in
iNew England. They are sincerely recommended to public patronage.
Llli 113 FIM_IK§1JE1NGS.
WILLIAM PALMER
\a Agent for several of the best Fire and Life Insurance Companies in
New England. He will effect insurance on all descriptions
of property, at tiie lowest rates.
ENOCH MARSHALL,
(F ARMINGD ALE.)
Advertisements — Gardiner, 1852.
MANUEACTUEER OF AND DEALER IN
WHOLESALE AND RE-TAIU. ALSO, DEALER IN
MESEEVE, MOBINSON & €0,
Manufficturers of and Dealers in
mmmm, imm, mm, mm,
And all kinds of Common Furniture.
At the old stand of Joshua Jones Summer Street.
Wood Turning executed to order, in the neatest manner. Planing and
Sawing done at short notice, at reasonable rates. Coffins made to order.
J. L. MESEEYE. E. G. EOBINSON. N. L. MESEEVE.
Offers for sale, at his Store on Water Streer, a large assortment of
Which he will sell at the lowest prices.
All kinds of School Books user! in this and the neighboring
towns. A large assortment of FANCY GOODS,
which will be sold at reduced prices.
Newspapers, Magazines, and Cheap Publications, received every week.
Blank Books of every kind, constantly on hand, and made to
order, in the most durable style.
BOOK-BINDING.— Old Books, Music, Newspapers,
Pamphlets, &c,, bound at short notice and at low prices.
Od- W. P., having had many years' experience in the above business,
can assure the public that he is now prepared to give greater bargains ia
kis line than ever before offered..
Advertisements — Gardiner^ 1852.
Nearly Opposite the Gardiner Hotel, keeps on hand an extensive
assortment of
GLASS AND EARTHEN WARE.
Also, a full assortment of Nail.-^. He also keeps a {general assortment of
Provisions, Flour, l*ork, Lard, Butter, Cheese, 8alt, &c. &c., which
he will sell cheap for cash, or approved credit. The highest market
prices will be paid for Country Produce.
S. J. PARK & CO.
Bowman's Block, Water Street Manufacturers of
Timm & mimm hmbls m ums.
Italian Marl>Ie Monuments made of the best material.
Having had many years' experience in the Imsiness, they are confident
that they can satisfy all reasonable expectations. They will sell the
same quality of material and workinar)ship as cheap as can be purchased
elsewhere. Ornamental Work of every description done in the best
possible manner.
Is now manufacturing, at his IVlachire Shop on Sumir.er Street,
THRESHING AND LATH MACHINES,
Of the most approved kinds in use, combining all the essential qualities
necessary to a durable and easy- working Machine.
ALU KINDS OF
Saw Arbors, Collars, &c., furnislied at sliort notice.
Confidently believing that he is able to satisfy all reasonable expecta-
tions, he would invite all those in want of a good Machine, to call and
examine before j)urchasing elsew here.
Adrertisemejifs — Gardiner, 1 85^.
SYLVANUS HATHAWAY,
jMamifacturer and Dealer in
3-:??£io mm> miisMM & sua mm,
TRUNKS, VALTSES, UMBRELLAS,
LADIES' FANCY FURS, &c.
N, B. — Fur and Buffalo Coats made to order. The highest prices paid
for all kinds of Shipping Furs.
C. H. PARTRIDGE,
WATER STREET.
Ready-made Clothing, of all kinds, constantly on hand. Aho, Broad-
flo:bs, Cassimeres, Satinets, Vestings, &c., which will be made to order
in the best manner and latest stjies. Cuttirg done at short notice.
J. K. OSGOOD,
ir3?:§M3B4 e011:iiI©M ISSSSMT,
WATER STREET.
Of every description received and sold to the best advantage, and returns
faithfully made. N. B. — 1 he best of reference given.
L. H. GREEN,
AGENT FOR SEVERAL OF THE BEST '
■Companies in the country, viz : National Loan Fund — American RTntual
— Mope Rlutuu! — Noifoik County— Washington Co. Mutual — and Great
Falls Mulual. California risks obtained on better terms than hertofore.
L. H. G. is Agent for a number of Newspapers in Boston, New York,
Piiiladelphia and Washington.
(0' lie is also a Licensed Auctioneer, and wiJI Sitte.od sales of Real
li-^tate , Horses, Carriages, &c.
Advey^tisements — Gardiner, 1852.
G. M. ATWOOD,
Offers for sale a full assortment of
SCHOOL BOOKS AND STATIONERY,
Bibles, Testaments, Blank Books, Toy Books, Magazines,
Cheap Publications, Newspapers, Pencils, Steel Pens,
Fancy Wafers. Also, a large stock of
which are selling at very low prices.
G. M. A. Is Agent for, and has for sale, most of the Popular Medicines
of the day, which are warranted genuine.
M. F. MARBLE & CO.,
Office opposite the Cobbossee House.
J. & J. T. STONE,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER IN
They keep constantly on hand, at their old stand, an extensive assortment
of Feathers and Carpetings, which they Ayill sell very cheap.
JOHN DENNIS,
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER IN
Keeps constantly on hand an extensive stock of the above-named
Goods, which he will sell on very reasonable terms.
Register and Advertisements printed by Morrell & Heath.
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